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                  <text>A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the &lt;a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank"&gt;UWA Historical Society&lt;/a&gt; to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. &lt;br /&gt;The UWA Historical Society’s &lt;a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank"&gt;Oral History Program&lt;/a&gt; started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant.</text>
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              <text>Interview 1: 51 minutes, 31 seconds&#13;
Interview 2: 51 minutes, 33 seconds&#13;
Total:1 hour, 43 minutes, 4 seconds</text>
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              <text>Track 1&#13;
00:00:00 Background. Schooling. Rotary Exchange to the US. Coming to UWA commerce and economics. First person to get a degree in economics with a unit in accounting. Fulbright scholarship PhD in 1973. UWA MBA degree. Teaching within the MBA program – 1974-1985. Curtin head of school of management and marketing. Move to Edith Cowan because of UWAA related reasons. VC ECU Roy Lourens. 1999 takes over the director of management. GSM. David Plowman.&#13;
00:04:57 Impressions of UWA, on coming to University after school. Family history and education. Importance of tertiary education. Differentiation with undergrad program. Quotas of students in commerce. Atmosphere at university. Kim Beazley, Bob McMullan. Intellectual debates. Paul Hasluck. Common intellectual debate. Barry Humphries. Full time student. Guild and support. Pelican editor thrown in the pond at the library. Bridge games played. &#13;
00:10:11 Sense of community. Debate and argument. Ron Peters, Ray Petrides, Robin Gauche, Rony Gabbay. Philip Brown, Peter Longton, Tom Wardle. Perth. Mining boom and nickel boom. Sir Charles Gairdner. The only university in WA. Many people on scholarship reward academic excellence. Costs. Full time vs part time students. &#13;
00:15:00 Aims and thoughts of future academic career. Ray Petrides. Honours in economics. Had to go overseas to do a PhD in marketing. The pull of the US to get a world class doctorate. Going to Cornell University. Centre of anti-Vietnam War activities. &#13;
00:18:13 The world-scale of the university in the 1970s. Great preparedness – the honours program. Gains brought back to the university. Vithala Rao amazing man supervises doctorate. Marketing research equivalent of the Nobel Prize. Paul Green from the University of Pennsylvania. Exposed to work done at the Bell Labs. Research assistant. Coming back with a unique skill set. &#13;
00:22:05 Students go out to the corporate world. UWA in 1983. Low research budget. Aims on return and the new marketing programme. Bruce Stanage. Students do honours in marketing. A strange situation. Erich Fraunschiel Wesfarmers, Pamela Watson Wood Prize, Alex Clark ANU, Devon Wallace, Dhruba Gupta, Andrew Wagstaff of Argyle Diamonds. People that come through the course. Michael Chaney, Robyn Ahern. Financial assistance for financial research. &#13;
00:27:30 Teaching qualitative method, no books, no overheads and black board. Algebra. Michael Chaney one of the best MBA students. course outline and the structure. Full time student and the MBA program. Quotas – morning and night classes. Traditional MBA program. Strong foundation. Andre Morkel from South Africa. Takes over the MBA.&#13;
00:32:59 Cross-cultural consumer decision making. Cross-cultural MBA. Accounting finance and international student. Sue Saunders. Phil Brown from Chicago. Very US. Looking to Japan. Ground breaking aspect. Writing quantitative method. Popularising the area of research in the area. Research on marketing and management. &#13;
00:37:35 UWA giving out to the community. Competitive WAIT business program. Curtin has grown. UWA attracts students at the top end. Relevant to the community. Professional society involvement. Board of the Australian Marketing unit and Chamber of Commerce. Phil Brown survey of business opinion in WA. R&amp;I Bank. Economic activity journal major way to interact with the community. &#13;
00:40:10 Consumer behaviour in the 1970s. WA consumer practice relevant to information coming out of the US. Cross-cultural research. Nice part of the changes. Personal values and Shalom Schwartz. UWA more important today. At the front of study. Importance of international students. The centre grows from nothing. Money and resources. The Australian research council and grants and research. Training and computer programs. &#13;
00:47:13 Compatibility of computer programs. Slow downloads and the technology of the day. Technology and facilities change. Changes in technology to teaching approaches. Effects of technology on learning participation. &#13;
&#13;
Track 2&#13;
00:00:00 Seeing UWA nationally – research and respect. The school has unique research, well-respected people. Contributions individuals have made. Development of the research centre and program. Changes. Grants for international conferences. Consequences for researchers at UWA. Quality of the work getting out to the community. Cross-faculty interaction and personal interactions. &#13;
00:05:50 Change in the sense of community at UWA. The interfaculty cricket match. Keith Punch plays for the Faculty of Education. The Business school rarely wins. The loss of the tea room. People discuss things at tea. Mrs Scott mother of Bon Scott. Social inspiration on tea break. Trevor Williams. Federal government have caused change to teaching and research. Bureaucracy and the research output. Government reducing red tape. Workloads and workaholics&#13;
00:11:44 Interaction and competition between universities. UWA pivot for cross university interaction. Long term relationships. Comparing Curtin and UWA. Risk and infrastructure. Resources and the ‘two horse race’ in WA. Nurturing of the Business School at UWA and Curtin.&#13;
00:16:29 Being the researcher and director. Memories of the experience. Quality students. Memories of David Plowman. Other people at the school. Pamela Watson. Memories of Andrew Wagstaff and Tim Mazerol. Research programmes. Dhruba Gupta. Devon Wallace. &#13;
00:24:14 Discussion of research. Personal values research – ARC grants. Julie Lee and Jordon Louviere. Benefits of the international conference. Shalom Schwartz and serendipity. Papers and website. Funding grants and dollars raised. &#13;
00:29:10 Management of UWA. The growth of the university and systemic issues. Collegial environment in the early days. The university club and a staff club. Senior management and academics. Thoughts of UWA today. WA a crucial part of W.A economy. Ranking UWA. Top group of university internationally. Providing quality for the students. Significant research provided by UWA&#13;
00:34:25 Memories of the America’s Cup. CABR. Grove House. Labour of love. Big projects and the benefits to the communication. Foundation Research. Government and Events Corp. Publications community perceived value. New product development. Awards. &#13;
00:40:30 Looking at career. Very fortunate and a fortunate life. UWA central to academic life. Reflecting on the Academic Staff Association. Academic working conditions and lack of resources. First industrial award. Terry Quickenden. Connection with the Association. Disbelief that the staff would behave that way. Thoughts of the chancellor. Court government changes the law. Federal court. Outcomes. Superannuation issues and academics. Various related schemes. UWA potentially dying under the costs of the supplementary pension scheme. The 1983 scheme. Staff make money out of the changes. Uni super scheme. Significant decisions being made. UWA as a place for academic staff. Sitting on committees. Seeing UWA’s future. Revolution and evolution. &#13;
00:51:33 </text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/9bf1e5254b80b6114f93fe5fb0c4a465.mp3"&gt;Soutar, Interview 1, Track 1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/81b16cf7bfc69cac6206df8cc579dfc9.mp3"&gt;Soutar, Interview 1, Track 2&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>This is an interview with Winthrop Professor Geoff Soutar who graduated in economics from the University of Western Australia and undertook doctoral training at Cornell University before returning to teach at the UWA, from 1973 to 1986. He was Foundation Professor of Management at Curtin University of Technology from 1986 to 1994 and Executive Dean of the Faculty of Business and Public Management at Edith Cowan University from 1994 until 1999. He was also Director of the Graduate School of Management at UWA. &#13;
&#13;
Soutar has been a consultant to a large number of private and public sector organisations in Australia and internationally and has been active in research across a wide area, publishing more than 150 research papers in journals and in book chapters, as well as a number of research monographs, across a wide range of management and marketing areas and presenting more than 300 papers at seminars and conferences. His present research interests include cross-cultural decision-making, new product and service development and the marketing of services, especially educational and tourism services. He has a particular interest in service quality and its impact on organisational success, from which evolved a long-term study of consumption value and its impact on people's willingness to buy and their subsequent satisfaction or dissatisfaction.&#13;
He outlines his memories of the development of UWA and the Business School in a developing competitive local academic field. He speaks of the international standing of the University and looks to its future. </text>
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              <text>Interview 1: 27 minutes 58 seconds&#13;
Interview 2: 1 hour, 10 minutes, 43seconds&#13;
Interview 3: 39 minutes, 56 seconds&#13;
Total: 2 hours, 18 minutes, 37 seconds</text>
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              <text>rack 1&#13;
00:00:00 Background Fiona Juliette Stanley. Sydney 1946. Father’s father geologist in PNG. Grandfather’s death. Neville was a great pianist. Mother was artistic. Father’s Adelaide studies. Mother can’t afford to go to university.&#13;
00:05:14 Wonderful home life. Brother Richard interested in cytokines and leukaemia. Childhood in Sydney. Hospital, Long Bay gaol, Bunnerong powerhouse, Botany Bay. Seeing children in iron lungs. Soldier settlement infant school. Maroubra junction. No television. Creative mother. Reading book about John Carver scientist in America. Inspired to go into science. &#13;
00:08:55 Neville builds a boat. Sailing experiences. Inspired to vaccinate the natives. Coming to WA in 1956. Non-medical scientist and Lindsay Hensel. Neville Stanley has a live polio vaccine before Sabin. Annie Get Your Gun phase. Experiences of sailing on the Kanimbla ship coming to WA. Experience of staying at the Highway Hotel. &#13;
00:13:04 University houses in Monash Avenue. Professors meet at Monash Avenue. Professors’ families get to know each other. Support group. The academic community and excitement setting up a medical school. Male professors except Mary Lockett. Camaraderie. The university was a playground. Joan Pope and Muriel Stanley set up the Children’s Activity Time Society. Productions in the sunken gardens. Memories of Joan Pope. The Somerville Auditorium opera and Kings in Grass Castles. Mary Durack Miller. The Festival of Perth.&#13;
00:18:10 Thoughts of going to university. Choosing to do medicine while parents were on study leave. Unsure of self as an adolescent. Confidence. Mother was not supportive. Rebellion. Inspired by Marie Curie and Albert Schweitzer. Humanitarian interest in doing medicine. &#13;
00:22:15 Experiences of UWA. Medical students sequestered. Memories of first year science. Mixing with everybody. Elitism. Memories of the women in the course. Feeling abnormal. Experience of 1st year. 2nd year was not so free. 3 and 4th year off at the clinical course. &#13;
00:26:00 Creating own electives. Enjoying ambience of the University. Organ installed at Winthrop Hall. The New Fortune Theatre. Love of sitting in the library and looking out to Whitfield court. Creating electives. Unqualified nursing aide. The flying doctor run. &#13;
&#13;
Track 2A&#13;
00:00:00 Foundation professors. Playing with Simmons and Lugg. Gordon King. Cecil B De Kidd. Mary Lockett, dealing with women as the opposite sex. Cecil Lewis and clowning. Normal extraordinary people. Era of radical eccentric people.&#13;
00:03:36 Macdonald inspires. Child in the family, family in the nation and the nation in the world. Global sense of child health. Bill Macdonald has no pretensions. Memories of Rolf ten Seldam wonderful Dutchman. Professors King, Lewis, Rolf ten Seldam do stints in foreign developing countries. Kingsley Mortimer missionary. Anatomy subject for the plodder. Outrageous and radical.&#13;
00:07:00 Neville coping with setting up the Medical School. Basic science and understanding. Snobbish arrogance. Debate and robust charting out of the territories. The Vice Chancellor reputation. Foresight and vision. Jim Crawley and Griffith and the medical school. Untrained nursing aid and other electives. Volunteers and the Busselton survey. Bill Curnow and Kevin Cullen. Memories of the PNG experience. Brenda Payne ex-pat devoting life to PNG. 3rd world experience and setting up a blood bank. Remote tribal experiences. &#13;
00:12:50 Covering the obstetric ward. Experience of false breach birth. Appreciating the pathways to child health. Prevention and global health. Future direction. The effect of experience to PNG. &#13;
00:16:04 Kevin Cullen and his importance to students. Putting the students into clinical science. Choosing Kevin Cullen for general practice. Advice given by Kevin Cullen. Second top of the medical school. Reputation of the university. &#13;
&#13;
Track 2B&#13;
00:00:00 Student community. University Camp for Kids club. Women didn’t go to Steve’s pub. Being exposed to children of different backgrounds. Activities bring students together and campus in the community. PROSH stunts. Lawrence of Arabia. Person ‘jumps’ off the Winthrop tower. Student magazine Reflex. Cementing activities of university life. 40th reunions. Warm rich experiences. &#13;
00:06:00 Sense of eccentricity. Alan Rosen. Vivisection and Brian Stokes. Lucky to go through medicine then. Coming of the end of university experience and heading off to a career. Black power movement. Aboriginal problems on missions, Kundalee to Kalumburu. 3% aboriginal intake in medicine. Aboriginal child health. Dissatisfied in paediatrics. Setting off around the world. Meeting husband. Working in Ireland and London in tropical health. &#13;
00:13:30 Lights turn on for helping children. Influence Cullen and Rolf Ten Seldam. Influential study of aboriginal people. Debating of appalling conditions. Reputation of UWA. Bringing back ideas and skill to WA. Taught by Geoff Rose, Morris, Eva Alberman. Mentors open their networks. Zena Stein. Role models and generous people. International club. Importance of education in London. &#13;
00:18:35 Research foundation, NHMRC, peri natal, epidemiology, childhood monitoring system, databases, Bruce Armstrong, Lucien Coleman. &#13;
00:23:50 Memories of Michael Hobbs. Exciting time and success in grant funding. Inviting people to talk about Cerebral Palsy, Pre Term Births. Top international interaction Internationalisation. Cerebral Palsy and Pre Term Birth registry. Getting known pioneering epidemiology analysis of Cerebral Palsy. Reasons for brain damage in children. &#13;
00:28:25 Isolation and internationalisation. Doing good things with data. Feeling valued by the community. Consumer and community activity. Feeling humbled. Telethon Institute and philanthropic people like Cruthers. Memories of Telethon and funding. Amazing community activity. Hope and the success of the institute. &#13;
00:34:50 UWA in the community more. Students in the Pilbara. Enormous community problems and a community support. Letting down the community. Influence of UWA and Robert Manne and public intellectuals. Over bureaucratisation and the growth of problems at UWA. Population health and brainstorming sessions. Encouraging people. &#13;
00:39:45 Alcohol and youth. Social issues. Problems for aboriginal people. Data and university and collaboration and rivalry. Setting up networks. Rational and moral response. Heyday at UWA. Investment in people. Vibrant middle career group of people. &#13;
00:43:05 Tony Baston and recruiting to UWA. Reasons for success of recruiting to WA. Telethon and health database. Public support and institutes and university. Centres and measures of success. Sense of opportunity. Future of Western Australia and the Festival of Perth. Institute’s symposium on children’s brain cancer. Creaming off the top. Asia and collaboration. Pioneering and Alan Robson. Robson works tirelessly. Importance of support. The university and international rankings. research vision of the biggest and the best. International networks recruiting. University for this time. Privatisation and the focus on excellence. Emulating University of Melbourne. &#13;
&#13;
Track 3 &#13;
00:00:00 Audrey Little the albino child psychologist. Sets up child pre-school. People play pranks on her. Influence cohort after cohort. Carmen Lawrence. Infamous Harry Waring. Research on quokkas. Teachers that make learning fun.&#13;
00:04:20 John Papadimitriou bounces into lecture theatre. People taught empathy. George Castell and Lex Cohen were very patient-oriented. Outstanding people. Research alliance. Bob Hawke and John Howard. Science council. Paul Keating. Surviving the post Howard period. Achievements. &#13;
00:08:45 Australian Research Alliance Children and Youth. ARACY. PIMSIEC. Investing in children. Children and youth on the agenda. Convincing the Prime Minister. Only country in the world to have information on children. Tool for change and monitoring.&#13;
00:11:30 Data for science. Passion for having the best data. Major impact. Very proud. The tsunami working group. Disappointed in the lack of Labor Government support. Research with Michael Hobbs, Cullen, Bruce Armstrong. Epidemiology and Preventative medicine at UWA winds up. Setting up the institute. Fabulous contribution. Getting a major grant to set up the institute.&#13;
00:15:40 Discussion on the institute and databases. Pat Holt. PMH. Ursula Kees. Group working on the major problems affecting kids. Missing clinical and medical health research. Issues with mental health problems are getting into centre stage. Re-writing population mental health problems. Wayne Thomas. Peter Sly. Offering fame and poverty. Clinical research in the institute. &#13;
00:19:05 Pat Holt working on rats and humans. The Raine cohort. Institute leaving a major legacy. The growth of QE2 and PMH embedded together. Focusing on the genetic causes of disease. Making sense of genetic information and environmental triggers. Stepping down. Part of a team working together. Institute must become a major player. Translating information without harming people. &#13;
00:24:30 Awards companion of Order of Australia. Invested by a hero Sir William Deane. Centenary Medal and Australian of the Year. Children and youth on the agenda. Major issues. Promoting important issues. Aboriginal support. &#13;
00:28:56 Changes in disparity between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people. Advancing the positive aspects of empowerment. Strong culture and low health problems. Closing of ATSIC. Strict financial controls. Aboriginal people and June Oscar. Aboriginal people know the problems. &#13;
00:33:41 Australian living treasure. On a stamp. Princess Anne and Fiona Stanley. Legends on the stamp. Running in a relay. Awards and relating and reflecting on UWA. Research and highly regarded institutions. University and bureaucracy. Investment in education. Climate change has fallen off the agenda. A centre of knowledge and place to debate ideas. Best preparations to participate in a civil society. Must become strong advocates. Looking back and winding up. Very lucky. &#13;
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                <text>During this interview Fiona Stanley discusses her career and experience of the University of Western Australia. As a child, inspired by her upbringing and her father, Neville Stanley, who was a researcher on polio, Fiona aimed to sail away to assist indigenous people on far away islands helping to cure them of disease.&#13;
In 1956 the family moved to Western Australia from Sydney when Stanley's father took the Foundation Chair of Microbiology. She went to school at St Hilda’s before studying Medicine at the University of Western Australia, graduating in 1970.&#13;
In the 1970s she worked in the paediatrics clinic at Perth's Children's Hospital. She worked with sick aboriginal children, travelling, to “every mission camp, reserve and fringe-dwelling group in Western Australia.” It was through this process that she aimed to better understand health issues and the impact of life chances and living conditions on children. &#13;
She traveled and studied overseas in Ireland and London England, before coming back to Perth Western Australia inspired. She helped set up a pioneering database in maternal and child health with the likes of Professor Michael Hobbs. She was instrumental in better understanding population health and causes and prevention of cerebral palsy. &#13;
She is the founding Director of the Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, which has received major funding from Telethon. In 2002, largely as a result of her lobbying, Prime Minister Howard launched the Australian Research Alliance for Children and Youth (ARACY) of which she is Chairperson. She was named Australian of the Year in 2003. A planned hospital, Fiona Stanley Hospital, named in her honour, will open in 2014.&#13;
Throughout the interview she draws on the colourful experiences that she had at the University of WA, both as student and a member of staff. She recollects numerous influential people that she was exposed to at the University. Fiona is convinced of the importance that universities play in education and the community at large and speaks of current UWA standing on the international academic stage.</text>
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              <text>Interview 1: 51 minutes, 42 seconds&#13;
Interview 2: 54 minutes, 37 seconds&#13;
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Total: 2 hours, 48 minutes, 22 seconds</text>
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              <text>Track 1&#13;
00:00:00 Introduction. Walter Stern - born in Cairo 3 Sept. 1927. Background career outline: Sydney University agriculture 1949, AIAS, CSIRO, Katherine Research Station. PhD Adelaide. Underwood and Agricultural Departments at UWA. Professor Holdsworth. Department of Soil Science, Agronomy, Animal Science, Agricultural Economics. Attracted to the West and the potential for agriculture. &#13;
00:06:30 Underwood asks WS to consider the chair at UWA. Ralph Slayter. Ralph and ANU. Discussions of career and UWA. Underwood interviews Stern. Impressions of UWA. Complicated study on the Ord River development. John Brody. CSIRO on campus. Facilities at UWA on arrival. Paper bags and mice. Securing money from Fielders. John Millington’s standing in the agriculture community. Underwood and the Federal Wheat Council. Reduced grants and field stations. &#13;
00:14:00 Fielders and the donation of money to UWA. Concern in agricultural press. Underwood has some concerns. Money and appointments. Study and plant breeding. John Gladstone’s clover breeding. Hank Greenway and teaching and field work. Waterlogging and salinity. Noel Thurling, a Melbourne graduate, good at guiding students. Personal aims for the department. Working on the most practical problems at the most scientific level. Doing field and laboratory work. Building up equipment at the University. &#13;
00:21:06 Using and administering funds obtained from grants. The minimum standard at UWA. Departments vary considerably. Establishing recognition for the Agricultural Department. Underwood Dean of the Faculty and Director of the Institute. Numbers at UWA. Impressions of Underwood. Regrettable aspects of Underwood’s character. Andrew Stuart memorial lecture. &#13;
00:27:17 Strong interest in field work. Examples of field stations. Superintendent of field stations. UWA science and the farming community. Learning about the farming community. Changes in climate patterns. Farmers’ concerns. ICI sowing practice. Farm advisers. Henry Shepherd. Links at various levels. Working on farming committees. Impressions of the concerns of farmers in WA. Waterlogging and infertility. Great disappointments and Jim Quirk and joint supervision. Students and technical assistants and learning.&#13;
00:36:11 Inheriting the clover breeding programme. Striving for improvements in yield. Discussion of Greenway, Thurling and Marcus Blacklow and Ralph Sedgley. Avoiding position of Dean. Views of UWA academic standing in the field of agronomy. &#13;
00:42:57 International standing. Getting people to come to University. Fellowships. Sir Joseph Hutchison. Improvements in University’s international standing. PhD students from interstate. Serving on the PhD and Research committee. Harry Webb zoology. Mike Buckingham. Agricultural Education Committee report. Education of farmers’ sons and daughters. Haydon Williams, Noel Fitzpatrick, Sir Don Eckersley, and Noel Monks.&#13;
&#13;
Track 2 &#13;
00:00:00 Quality of students and attracting students. Staff/student ratio. Friends, relationships and community at UWA. Changes. Review of courses and procedures. The student/client situation.&#13;
00:07:50 Reading from book Agriculture in Western Australia by Burvill. Discussion of writing and the responsibility to managing landscape. Students qualified to handle growing problems. Close association with the UWA and the producer - farmer. Geoff Gallop government reviews. Shifts in the partnership between the University and the Department of Agriculture.&#13;
00:14:36 Involvements with research and PhD Promotions and scholarship committee. Underwood and higher degrees. Chairman in the PhD committee including Harry Waring, Mike Buckingham. Secretaries and organisation. John Ross. Committee requires enormous amount of detailed work for quality etc.&#13;
00:21:10 Examples of the over-bureaucratisation of UWA and academic life. Changes. Chancellor. Two Vice Chancellors stand out: Prescott and Robson. &#13;
00:27:40 Promotions committee. Peter Tannock (Notre Dame University) and Don Watts (Curtin University). Robson going up for promotion. &#13;
00:33:20 Scholarships committee. Jim Quirk the faculty mile runner. New deal for agriculture. Finding funds. John Millington and Jack Lonergan in Soil Department. Stern’s approach in creating department. Memories of Reg Moir. &#13;
00:44:54 Sense of camaraderie at the University has changed. The University treated Moir very badly. Moir’s promotion to chair. Underwood’s failings. Andy Stewart runs the show. Underwood and community funding. Rural Reconstructions Report. Memories of Underwood’s reputation and big failing. Continuity in a faculty in disarray. Stability with David Lindsay. &#13;
&#13;
Track 3 &#13;
00:00:00 Staffing situation and the Department of Agronomy. John Millington, Gladstones, Roger Boyd. Clover wheat, Lupin and Barley. Money scrounged from farmers groups by Underwood. Erwin Watson. Variety of Gamenya, Hybrid of Gabo, Mendos and Yalta. Cereal breeding. Environment, plant physiology and crop improvement.&#13;
00:05:42 Gladstones leaves the university. Gladstones’ breeding programs are under threat. Gladstones’ work ethos. Boyd’s attitude to Walter Stern. Commercial firms and the science of breeding. Plant variety rights - a commercial proposition. Boyd and PhD students. &#13;
00:11:15 Gladstones and Noel Thurling. Sedgley and environmental studies at Merredin. Technical equipment and study at Merredin Research Station. Fitzpatrick the climatologist and Marcus Blacklow. Blacklow and weed ecology.&#13;
00:15:55 Experiences of sabbatical in Cambridge plant breeding institute in 1973. Michael Kirby. Bringing back techniques learned. Margaret Thatcher and funding cuts in Britain. &#13;
00:21:40 Brian Trenbath and discussion of WASP wheat and sheep pasture. Computing and technology. Editor of Forage and Fuel Production from Salt Affected Waste Lands. &#13;
00:29:00 Seeing the University’s work benefits the producers and the wider community. International grant from UNESCO. Cunderdin seminar 1984. University work and the lot of the producers. Hank Greenway and salinity. Clive Malcolm. Rewriting international papers. Attracting students from elsewhere. Sending students out to study elsewhere.&#13;
00:35:30 Benjawan Rerkasen – honours student - one of the most travelled and sought-after people. Discussion of other PhD students from around the world. Ephraim Whingwiri. &#13;
00:42:05 UWA’s isolation and the world wide network. Interactions mentioned. Changes to the sabbatical system. Discussion of the Malaysian experience. Australian Asian University Co-operation Scheme. &#13;
00:55:12 The Faculty today and the Department of Agriculture. The function of government and research. The finest Department of Agriculture in Australia. People in the department very capable. Retirement and expansion of the department. The university activity has changed. Interactions with PhD students. Final words. &#13;
01:02:03 </text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/b5c7a4c673f76ae3daaac0bd5b8943b2.mp3"&gt;Stern, Interview 1, Track 1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/b9a6e5ccae92cf60cda39574d08a8014.mp3"&gt;Stern, Interview 1, Track 2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/01b105708819e3a488e205a4370a312a.mp3"&gt;Stern, Interview 1, Track 3&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>This is an interview with Emeritus Professor Walter Stern. Born in Egypt in 1927, Walter traveled to Australia with his family during World War Two. The family lived in Sydney and Walter was educated at North Sydney primary school, New England University College and Sydney University. He worked for the CSIRO in Katherine during the 1950s and Waite Agricultural Research Institute Adelaide, and in the Kimberley during the 1960s. He was appointed Foundation Professor in Agronomy at the University of Western Australia in 1969. &#13;
During the interview Walter discusses numerous topics relating to his career in the field of agriculture. He speaks of his career at the University of WA between 1969 and 1991. He recalls the important work of people associated with the Faculty of Agriculture at UWA, including Professor Eric Underwood, Professor David Lindsay and Professor Reg Moir among others. He served on numerous committees including the CSIRO State Committee and chaired the Agricultural Education Committee and the Research Committee. Walter felt that it was important for the University to have connections to the farming community and worked extensively in the field and was involved in coordinating numerous research stations throughout the state. &#13;
Walter relates many stories associated with his experience at UWA from work he conducted and oversaw, to his aims for the direction of agriculture at the University. He gives his impressions of the direction the University has taken in a competitive academic playing field and speaks of the sense of community he experienced working at UWA.</text>
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Interview 2: 34 minutes, 4 seconds&#13;
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Total: 1 hour, 52 minutes, 13 seconds</text>
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              <text>Track 1&#13;
00:00:00 Introduction. Background information. Medical family. Background back to 1829 settlement of W.A. Daniel Scott’s daughters. Dr Elliot from Tasmania. Childhood and interest in architecture. Grew up in Fremantle. Playing around the old buildings during the depression. Architecture of the port city. Heritage and history. Grandfather’s house and history. Education and becoming an architect. War time schooling and reserve teachers. Christchurch and Hale schools. Sport. War. Officers from the Sydney dine at the family home. &#13;
00:11:24 Father’s connection with the military. House requisition and move to Peppermint Grove. How architecture came into view. Liking drawings. Charlie Hamilton the art critic. Athol Hobbs directs White to Perth Technical College. UWA on the horizon. Thoughts of going to sea. Experience as a cabin boy. Stumbling into architecture. &#13;
00:17:16 Memories of the Perth Technical college. Athol Hobbs senior architect and involved in the course. Could not do a university degree in architecture or medicine in Perth. Good practical course and Gus Ferguson was a graduate. Designing buildings as a student. Apprenticeship or articles. Board of Architectural Registration. Architect act and annual examinations. Lecturing in Board of Architecture subjects, especially in design.&#13;
00:22:50 Move to Curtin/WAIT. University panache and degree. Changes and competition. Moving over to the competition. Development of career. Designing while learning. Drafting a presentation and learning drawing. Draftsmen, drawing, design, high level of drafting. Learning the art of design in post-war Perth. Art deco and modernism. Standard and metric measurement. New idiom.&#13;
00:28:12 The growing industry of architecture in the 50s. Harold Krantz. Building industry restraints after the war. A lot of regulation. Competition with the building industry. Establishing own business in Fremantle. Experience of travel to Europe. Building house for parents. Darlington house breaks the rules.&#13;
00:33:50 Ethos of modernism. Process of building modern house in Perth. Budget. Innovation and development in passive solar design. Full time teaching in design. Memories of Perth Technical College and specialised subjects. Geoffrey London. Problems at Perth Technical College. Close student and staff connections. &#13;
00:40:32 Development of career as lecturer. The development of the course at UWA. Teaching design. Changing ways of thinking to fit into UWA. Different disciplines and teaching. Architects being taught to teach or to learn the subject. Good staff student ratio. Good contact with staff and students. Studio a time-consuming part of the course. &#13;
00:40:44 Becoming lecturer in 1968. The reputation of the UWA and the course. New course starts in 1966. Involved in the new buildings at WAIT. Joining the staff of WAIT. Offered a post at UWA. UWA course had been set up as a strange one. Main staff come from New Zealand. Professor Gordon Stephenson establishes the course. Memories of Gordon – makes sure he gets the first chair. Town planner. Redesigns the UWA campus. &#13;
00:48:30 Forms the staff getting involved in the course. Becoming acting head. Important teachers. Roger Johnson, Peter Middleton, Harold Marshall and acoustic research and interest in computing. Designing computer programs. Development of computing early on. Drawing on to screen. Harold Marshall research was not well-regarded. Promotion and loss of academics. &#13;
00:52:30 Development of the course 1965. Prescott and the Bachelor of Architecture. Wary of the new course. School of architecture move to Murdoch. Moving over to the opposition. Traditional course was set up. Changes in technique. Connection with course at WAIT and UWA. Women in the course. Some of the best architects are women and graduates of UWA. &#13;
&#13;
Track 2 &#13;
00:00:00 Gordon Stephenson’s idea for UWA. System of aesthetics and criteria and the avant-garde. Constraints by binding system and scale. Design of fine buildings. Traffic in the campus. The ring road system. Maintaining a landscape. Stevenson part of the commissioning team. Comparisons of the building designs at WAIT. Public works Department loses the contracts. Memories of Gus Ferguson, Tony Solaski* and Tony Brand. Gus Ferguson strong views on architectural design. The direct ear of Gordon Stephenson. Architects and ego.&#13;
00:06:58 Interaction with WAIT and UWA. Trying to maintain connections and difficulties experienced. Education committee in competition. Do you need two schools of architecture in Perth? The developments from the 1960s. School at UWA would be more academically based. Encouraging builders to work with students. Inspiration for the UWA School of Architecture. Reaction against too much design teaching. Redirection of the course. The basic theory could graduate with two degrees. Three year and 5 year degrees.&#13;
00:12:10 First and second degree. Diploma and Masters. Broad education in social sciences and design. Outline of the planned course for the first two years. Gordon Stephenson. Institute of Architecture. Hijacked by people Gordon Stephenson brings in. Professorial Board debate and Professor Appleyard. Harold Marshall. Selwyn Grave philosopher. People leave the university when Gordon Stephenson leaves without a successor. White left to hold the baby. &#13;
00:16:00 Teaching anthropological study of the Trobriand Islands. Staff muddle through to sort the course out. Professor to succeed Gordon Stephenson. Robert Street steps in to resolve problems. Development of the new building. Attracting Commonwealth funding. Location of the new building decided. Laurence Wilson Art Gallery. Gus Ferguson. Losing the building to computer sciences. Isolation of architecture. Nedlands and Perth City council boundary issues. &#13;
00:21:15 Isolation of the school. Quality of students fluctuates over a five year period. Len Buckeridge, Brian Klopper stand out. The Asian students and interest from Malaysian Government. Fees and political direction of University. Attracting women into the course. &#13;
00:26:00 People brought in from outside the university. Peter Brickell. Interaction with other departments. Geography Martyn Webb and architecture. Degree changes to the course. Technological advances. Importance of computing and acoustics. Harold Marshall, Derek Carruthers physicist, Geoffrey Roy engineer. Students at the ground floor of computing. Comparing to United States. Poorly-resourced university. Position of UWA and Curtin and Murdoch. Prestigious position and competition. &#13;
00:33:30 Psychology of design. Variable views. Psychology and visualising design.&#13;
&#13;
Track 3&#13;
00:00:00 Leaving University 1988 and career post university. Fighting a developer. Moving to Gingin. Sole architect in small country town. Maintaining ties with UWA. Western towns and buildings book. Getting students involved in projects. Sandy cape developments. Geoffrey London, Simon Anderson and a team of students survey indigenous architecture. Keeping a distant relationship with the University. Townscape studies. Colin Moore. Living in Bunbury. &#13;
00:05:13 Involved in heritage work at York. Les Lauder and the Fremantle Society. Development and destruction of Victorian buildings in Fremantle. Resources to restore buildings. Restoration with Ian Hocking in Gingin. &#13;
00:09:36 The impression of University of WA. Suburban campus vs. city Technical College. Mixed feeling about suburban campuses. Melbourne example. Academic studies. Views of the modern buildings at UWA. Ambient environment and mediocre architecture. Learning the rule first in classical architecture. Stereotyped Gus Ferguson type design. New staff building like Mussolini’s Roman Empire. Stephenson’s thoughts and the Business School. Control over things that would be built at the university. Computerised visioning of building. Architects satisfaction with the building process. &#13;
00:16:20 Rights of an architect. Builders don’t like working for architects. Buildings affecting and creating a place. Thoughts of the buildings at university. Exhibition space at the school. Lawrence Wilson Gallery. Low density of the Nedlands campus. Looking back at time at UWA. Frustration. Full support at the university. Geoffrey London and establishing current school. Enjoying experiences. Not a born administrator. &#13;
00:21:36 &#13;
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/c8b0a411ecadae6c87f855d669bab554.mp3"&gt;White, Interview 1, Track 1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/d6770a1ffb49f6e73cc3e4e96cc4905d.mp3"&gt;White, Interview 1, Track 2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/1aff933bf79db4735ed34dc492d51a43.mp3"&gt;White, Interview 1, Track 3&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Architect John White was born in Wickepin in Western Australia. He talks of his path to becoming an architect and how he studied the subject at Perth Technical College post war before starting his own business in Fremantle. He would become a teacher in the subject at Perth Technical College and at the University of Western Australia. &#13;
During the interview he talks of coming to lecture at UWA from 1968 in what was the fledgling architectural course. White became a senior lecturer at the School of Architecture from 1973. He was Head of Department from 1980-86. He has been involved in research into the history of architecture in Western Australia. White was important in the development and building of houses using new practices sympathetic to climate and spatial location. He adopted designs incorporating indoor/outdoor designs commonly seen in houses today.&#13;
He speaks at length of his developing career and involvement at the University and the changing face of the course in light of the established architectural course at Curtin University. He speaks of how he sees the University and the current school of architecture in the local and international climate.</text>
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                  <text>A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the &lt;a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank"&gt;UWA Historical Society&lt;/a&gt; to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. &lt;br /&gt;The UWA Historical Society’s &lt;a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank"&gt;Oral History Program&lt;/a&gt; started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant.</text>
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              <text>Interview 1: 53 minutes, 27 seconds&#13;
Interview 2: 56 minutes, 11 seconds&#13;
Interview 3: 9 minutes, 58 seconds&#13;
Total: 1 hour, 59 minutes, 36 seconds</text>
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              <text>Track 1&#13;
00:00:00 Ann Tarca born in Perth 1955. Family background. Mother was unusual and was educated at Perth Modern School. Influence to come to university. Muriel Bird. Mother’s job as speech and drama teacher. Mother’s career. &#13;
00:04:20 Love of learning and reading – memories of school. No links to private school; University of privilege. Coming to the University to see theatre. Festival of Perth. Mother was modest. AMEB. Trinity College London. Exams held at AMEB. Natural progression to go to University. &#13;
00:07:15 Window to the world. Contemporary terms 14 year old different then. No technology. Life revolved around family. Australian newspaper. Max Harris and Phillip Adams. Going to the theatre and connecting with the world. University was the connection to the arts and the world. Life growing up. Aspirations of the family and mother’s influence. &#13;
00:10:23 Coming to the university to study writing and literature. Passion was literature and words. Ambitions. Being able to come to university. Commonwealth scholarship. No fees – given funds. Seismic shift. Teacher Raymond Omodei was big in theatre. Studying arts at UWA. Options for women. Striking out to study economics. &#13;
00:14:30 Transition from high school to university not such a smooth situation. Sense of community. Whitlam a time for change. Sitting on the Reid Library Wall. Culture. Realities of coming to university. Interests at university and the atmosphere. Money and transport. Passing and failing. Economics course. Mathematics and stats. &#13;
00:19:50 Inspiration. Leaving and returning to study accounting. Sensible planning. Studying anthropology. Working full-time and studying part-time. Phil Hancock. Meeting interesting people: Terry Walter, Richard Fale. Transformed person. Appreciating the people. Accounting major. Big classes. Not knowing the lecturer. Strong presence of women. Lots of overseas students. Ruth Johnson. &#13;
00:24:14 Real interest in management. Ruth Johnson’s story. The passion for what she did – standing up for the rights of working people. Thought and direction for self and future career. Thoughts of doing law. &#13;
00:26:43 Differences. Inspiring people. Looking for work. Working in an accounting firm. Marriage. Working part-time. Teaching in Karratha. Coming back to Perth. Enjoying teaching. Connection at Curtin. Husband’s encouragement to come to UWA. Loyalties and personal random choice. Accounting.&#13;
00:32:00 Reputation of UWA. Aim to work at UWA enrolling in a master’s course. UWA: premier university. Murdoch and Curtin. Lack of knowledge. Calibre of Curtin. Philip Brown. Experiences of coming back to UWA in 1996. Differences. Personal success. Enrolling in Masters of Industrial Relations. &#13;
00:36:57 Break from study. Doors open and random events. Lack of networking. Engaging with cohort and lecturers. Izan head of department of finance. Changes. Philip Brown. Dropping finance units. Ian Scarnon. Finance and accounting units. Experience of Phillip Brown. Passionate patient encouraging person. Accountants are not mathematicians. Experience of working in accounting in 1980s. &#13;
00:42:55 Challenges and encouragement. Research methods. Tutoring in finance. Scholars stand out. International accounting standards. Accounting standards and experience of research. Brian Howieson. Masters and PhD. &#13;
00:46:40 Academic career and research. Higher degrees. Masters reading and writing. Research. Teaching. Changes between staff and student observed. Campus and university experience. Overseas students. Huge classes in 1996. Commerce and engineering. Sense of community in accounting finance. Staff member – Mark Holub. Credit to Izan. Help from other staff. Meetings and integration. Serious career move and focus. Supporting people. Brian Howieson, David Woodliff and collegiality. Publishing and researching. &#13;
&#13;
Track 2 &#13;
00:00:00 Talking about Izan. Head of department Accounting &amp; Finance. Reputation – Dr Ken Clements. The group with Izan and Philip Brown leading was emerging. Setting up Accounting &amp; Finance. Large numbers training and supervising. Everybody speaks highly of Izan. Teaching supervising and administering. Mature age PhD.&#13;
00:05:30 Returning to reading, writing and presenting. Seminar at the University of Queensland. University presenting itself to other institutions. High standards. Engagement with international colleagues. &#13;
00:09:00 Identifying research areas. Thesis and Masters programme. Things learned from colleagues. Publishing a defining element in an academic career. Accounting theory and of international accounting standards. Important career development. Marketing of work. Academic community. Winning awards. Technology. Research impact. Getting paper published. Impact factor of a journal. &#13;
00:15:15 Most impacting changes in the school. Connection with the library and online databases. Effect of technology on personal work. International accounting standards. 2005 good outward focus. Looking to other Universities worldwide. Rising up the ranks at UWA by demonstrating international impact. Sabbatical year. New set of interests and ideas. &#13;
00:19:50 Important areas that need to be addressed. Laws are entrenched in accounting and industry. International accounting standards. US litigious place compared to Australia. Seeing departments interacting in the campus and beyond. Business School connected to the community. Business School looking to the future connection and linkage grants. Drawing from the business community in Perth. &#13;
00:24:33 Connections with Ernst &amp; Young. Learning and practice. Contributing to linking the University to the community. The University being seen by the community. Strategy and structural changes enable travel. Support for academics at UWA. Increasing pressures on academics. Money that is available. Resources and decisions that affect the Business School. A disconnect with the big organisation and academics. &#13;
00:30:17 Alan Robson. Calibre of academics. Alan Robson’s vision for the University. Barry Marshall and his experiments. Career-defining moment. Making self American. Staying true to self. University going up the ranks. &#13;
00:35:20 Interaction with other countries. UWA and Japan and China. Raymond Da Silva Rosa. Accounting and Finance collaborate. Connecting with people at conferences. Visits by David Yermack. Converging views to accounting standards: views from Japan. People doing a lot with very little. Successful grant applications. Needing international input. Mr Kaniko from Japan. &#13;
00:40:25 The grand slam of accounting presentations. United States and Australian grand slam. Converging accounting and drawing people in from other countries. Japan Switzerland, New Zealand, England. One on one relations and collaborations. Accounting theory 7th edition.&#13;
00:42:16 Being head of discipline. Future needs and reflections on Accounting and Finance – not attracting the best. Jean Paul Carvalho. Exporting people onto the world stage. Attracting people into accounting. Major problems with attracting people. Issues of the baby boom bump. Attracting people to the academic world. Things have gone badly wrong. Support from the accounting profession. Teaching is a skill. Teaching is more professional – the skills of teaching. &#13;
00:48:48 Drying up of student numbers. Australia benefits enormously from Asia. The goose that laid the golden egg. Big university online university courses. lectures and the engaging of students. Students opting out. Education is about being in a room and debating. Virtual world vs. interaction with people. Challenges to deliver materials and engaging students. Resource pressure. Good quality staff. Benefits of classes on line. Cohort of students that will do the minimum. &#13;
&#13;
Track 3&#13;
00:00:00 Concerns and encouraging and supporting and fostering the staff. Conflicting goals. Business School money going elsewhere. Student numbers. Vicky Karagiannis and people in the service role. Close relationships in the supporting role. Competing objectives. Multiple goals. Being good corporate citizens and connecting in the community. Teaching and research. Research and teaching pressures with large student numbers. Taking resources away from the Business School. &#13;
00:05:17 Going ahead and attracting people and money. Asking for transparency and equity. Recognition. Business schools used as a cash cow. Addressing competing goals. Working 7 days a week. Looking back over student days and staff member. Fan of UWA. Proud of the University’s achievements. Punching above weight. Proud of the quality of the students. Academic staff are guiding and bringing out the best of students. Feelings of privilege.&#13;
00:09:58 &#13;
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/ab3051c0dec29f0980bb156e7fb52398.mp3"&gt;Tarca, Interview 1, Track 1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/52ecdf7a33bc98cd76a2687966ef3809.mp3"&gt;Tarca, Interview 1, Track 2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/b54eab99a12aadb232b72fce802c7bae.mp3"&gt;Tarca, Interview 1, Track 3&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>This is an interview with Ann Tarca who studied at the University of Western Australia later qualifying as a chartered accountant. She worked in the state public service in Karratha and taught at Karratha College before returning to UWA where she obtained her Master of Accounting and PhD. Ann’s teaching interests include financial accounting and she is a co-author of the leading accounting textbook Godfrey, Hodgson, Holmes and Tarca (2006) Accounting Theory 6th Edition.&#13;
&#13;
Ann’s research focuses on international accounting, the adoption of international accounting standards and the regulation of financial reporting, particularly the harmonisation and enforcement of reporting requirements at an international level. She has published in well recognised international and Australian journals and has an author ranking in the world’s top 2% on the Social Sciences Research Network database. Career highlights include holding one of the inaugural KPMG/IAAER research grants (for a project on reporting financial performance) and winning the Blackwell’s/Synergy Award for the most downloaded paper in the Journal of International Financial Management and Accounting in 2006 and 2007 for her 2004 paper entitled “International convergence of accounting practices: Choosing between IAS and US GAAP”.&#13;
&#13;
During the interview Ann talks of the development of her career. She speaks of the changes that she has seen to the University of Western Australia. The focus of the discussion is how she has seen the running of the Business School and the department of Accounting and Finance. She speaks at length of the University’s international standing and where she sees its future approaching its 100th anniversary. </text>
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              <text>Track 1	&#13;
00:00	Introduction by Julia Wallis&#13;
00:28	&#13;
&#13;
Track 2	&#13;
00:00	John Leslie Toohey. Born 1930. &#13;
00:10	UWA Law School began in 1927. Professor Beasley was Dean for 20 years and his last year was in 1947 – the year that John enrolled at the Law School. Professor Beasley was succeeded by Douglas Payne who had come out from Oxford.&#13;
01:20	There were many ex-servicemen among the students in 1947.&#13;
02:08	Went to Meekatharra aged 5 or 6 and then to Lake Grace. Educated at High School in Perth as there was no high school at Lake Grace. Went to St Louis, Claremont which was a Jesuit School from about aged 10. At the time John’s father was in the RAAF, so John became a boarder. A year later, his mother and siblings moved up to Perth. Went back as a boarder in his last year of schooling.&#13;
04:42	Began to think about law as a career. Interested in humanities. Encouraged by David Walsh, a senior criminal lawyer in Perth who came to school debates.&#13;
06:14	Entered a law course in 1947. Had a good matriculation and this was sufficient qualification for enrolment in those days.&#13;
07:10	A student from 1947 to 1950. Impact of ex-servicemen on the Law School. Many were good at sport. Several law students took part in the State Rugby Union team.&#13;
09:18	Ex-servicemen benefited from advice of younger students with studies.&#13;
09:56	Three or four women students on the course.&#13;
11:25	At that time (post WW2) the Law School was located on Fairway in a building that had been used by the US Navy. New Law School built in 1967. &#13;
12:26	Professor Beasley dragooned ex-students into helping move the Law Library to the new premises. He was very proud of his library and would not have contemplated the law library being subsumed by the University library.&#13;
14:08	Temporary building constructed of wood or asbestos. All lecturers and classes held here.&#13;
15:29	Fairy conventional lecturing style. Tutorial system developed more in later years. Limited academic staff at that time. Use made of part-time lecturers from the legal professional.&#13;
16:50	John began tutoring at St George’s College during his second year of articles. He tutored Randolph Stow&#13;
17:34	Would lecture part time during his time in legal practice. Dean invited Ian McCall and John Toohey to join the Law School as full time lecturers. By this time the academic staff had grown to 6 or 8.&#13;
18:19	There was still a need for more academic staff and John taught part time for several years but found that the hours impinged on his legal practice. He would lecturer at 8.30am.&#13;
18:52	John Toohey taught property law. Certain subjects benefited from having teachers with practical experience.&#13;
20;00	John found that teaching part time did not give the students time to interact with the lecturer and ask questions. He had to be back in the city at 10am in order to run his practice so it made the teaching element a bit rushed.&#13;
21:06	&#13;
&#13;
Track 3	&#13;
00:00	LLB degree took the form of 17 units. 12 of them were law units and 5 were broader – Philosophy, Eng Lit, Economics. Gave the degree a breadth. Some people took a law degree and went into the diplomatic or public service.&#13;
02:01	John Toohey did a double degree and graduated with an honours degree in Arts in 1956. Did a major in Philosophy .&#13;
04:17	The Law School was self-contained. Very strong inter faculty sporting rivalry.&#13;
05:25	There were pranks but they were not malicious. There was a particular rivalry with the engineering students.&#13;
06:03	In those days the law students were required to attend lectures in gowns.&#13;
06:28	There was a refectory where students could get food plus there were shops in Broadway.&#13;
07:18	At that time politics were very popular among the students. Communism was a subject of much discussion. There was a University Labor Club. John Toohey and Bob Hawke were members at one time. This was later felt to be too left wing and a university branch of the ALP as established on campus.&#13;
09:34	The student guild also was divided along political lines at this time. There was a national union of Australian university students and reps would attend conferences in Europe.&#13;
11:53	The guild did a range of things. At this time, there was an outbreak of TB. The guild set up a small committee and they did work associated with that. Testing was done at a building which became the Fire Brigade HQ in Murray Street.&#13;
13:39	Socially students were hampered by finances and lack of independent transport. Dances were held at the refectory. There was an annual law ball each year. The Blackstone Society held dinners.&#13;
14:38	&#13;
&#13;
Track 4	&#13;
00:00	Some students were supported by their parents. Many worked part time at weekends. Commonwealth scholarships were available. If you earned money independently of the scholarship then the scholarship grant was reduced.&#13;
01:34	John supported himself by working in the holidays. He worked shovelling coal at the East Perth Power House and at Robbs Jetty Abattoir. The jobs were well paid and he enjoyed the physical work.&#13;
03:06	Some students who had parents in the law would work at a firm during the holiday.&#13;
03:53	It did help to know people in the profession once you had qualified in order to get a job.&#13;
04:25	John Toohey worked with David Walsh for a little while but he did not have wide contacts in the profession.&#13;
04:52	He graduated with First Class Honours so he was able to find employment quite easily. [Out of 18 students that graduated from the Law School in 1950, John was the only one to be awarded First Class Honours].&#13;
05:32	John is unsure how many people in his year graduated with First Class Honours.&#13;
06:17	John won the Frank Parsons prize was for the most outstanding graduate. The H C F Keall Prize was for the best 4th year student. These prizes were awarded by the Law Faculty.&#13;
07:10	There were assignments as well as exams. The tutorial system later became more developed. &#13;
08:50	A lot of weight was placed on the exam. If you failed a unit you could retake it. Contract was found to be a very difficult subject by all the students.&#13;
09:46	Exams were taken in the Law School and administered by them.&#13;
11:57	The results were posted on a board at the Law School.&#13;
12:35	University class mates. Had no friends at school that attended UWA Law School. Made a lot of new friends including Bob Hawke and Alan Barblett.&#13;
15:24	Friendships made irrespective of differences. They would meet each other working as lawyers at the courts. John also kept up with people through the Law Society.&#13;
17:17&#13;
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/af1e46d1518db1c9c59479ec46fb4118.mp3"&gt;Toohey, Interview 1, Track 1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/06e61c76d58bb49b4a3a1e0ebf1eb20f.mp3"&gt;Toohey, Interview 1, Track 2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/d2039f84dfe0bc823de76d91a8c64bd0.mp3"&gt;Toohey, Interview 1, Track 3&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/35e3ad73155f57d1ffde3d7e2b76137e.mp3"&gt;Toohey, Interview 1, Track 4&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>John Leslie Toohey AC, QC (born 4 March 1930), Australian judge, was a Justice of the High Court of Australia from 1987 to 1998. Toohey studied law and arts at the University of Western Australia. He graduated with first class honours in law in 1950, receiving the FE Parsons Prize (for the most outstanding graduate) and the HCF Keall Prize (for the best fourth year student). He completed his Arts degree with first class honours in 1956. He was a Senior Lecturer in Law at the University of Western Australia from 1957 to 1958, as well as a Visiting Lecturer from 1953 to 1965. He was well known for his lectures in property law.</text>
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                  <text>A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the &lt;a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank"&gt;UWA Historical Society&lt;/a&gt; to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. &lt;br /&gt;The UWA Historical Society’s &lt;a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank"&gt;Oral History Program&lt;/a&gt; started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant.</text>
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              <text>Highgate, W.A.</text>
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              <text>44 minutes, 53 seconds</text>
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              <text>Track 1	&#13;
00:00	Introduction by Julia Wallis&#13;
00:30	&#13;
&#13;
Track 2	&#13;
00:00	Robert Hetherington. Born 8 January 1923 at Mount Gambier in South Australia.&#13;
00:15	6 July 1951 married Penelope Loveday. They had twin boys and a girl.&#13;
00:29	1951 – graduated from the University of Adelaide with a Bachelor of Arts with 2nd class Honours degree in History and Political Science.&#13;
00:45	1951 – employed by the Commonwealth Public Service&#13;
00:51	1952 – research scholar at the University of Adelaide&#13;
00:56	1953-1956 – History master at Kings College, Kensington Park, South Australia. A Baptist Congregationalist School&#13;
01:26	1957-1966 – Tutor and senior tutor in Politics at the University of Adelaide. The Acting Head of the Politics Department was Leo Blair. His son Tony was 4 years old at the time. Met Leo at a party and he asked Bob if he would like to tutor in the Politics Department and he agreed.&#13;
02:10	The students were taught about John Locke, Mill (John Stuart) and the Westminster system of government. Bob brought these ideas with him when he came to WA.&#13;
03:04	May 1977 – Lecturer in Politics at UWA&#13;
03:14	The first professor of politics at UWA was Gordon Reid. He used to be sergeant at arms at Parliament House in Canberra. He was recruited by Professor Duncan, the professor of politics at Adelaide University as Reader in Politics. When the Professor of History and Politics at UWA resigned, he applied for the position and got it.&#13;
04:25	Bob Hetherington was employed as the first course controller for the politics course at UWA. He also taught Australian Politics and Democratic Thought.&#13;
05:07	Before this the History Department ran a second year course in political science taught by E D (Ted) Watt who came across to the Politics Department. He taught the second year course.&#13;
05:36	When Bob taught politics he would not reveal his own personal background and politics leanings until the second half of the year to prove to the students that he could be impartial.&#13;
06:31	Bob developed a whole lecture on the fact that the State makes you the way you are. When he finished the lecture, he told the students that if they believe that, they were fascists!&#13;
06:59	Communism was on the wane at this stage. It was more popular when Bob was a student. Bob regarded both the Catholic Church and the Communist party of exercising intellectual tyranny over their adherents.&#13;
07:37	When Bob was tutoring in South Australia it was not long after the Second World War and he had many middle aged students. He learnt a lot from them. He put forward an idea one day to have it denounced as “nonsense”.&#13;
08:16	One day he totally opposed everything a student was telling him. The student argued that he had told the class this the other day. Bob informed him that since then he had changed his mind due to having a discussion with one of his students. He enjoyed having students that argued with him.&#13;
08:48	He used to tell his students not to sit at his feet and expect to be told truths. They were there to argue and debate.&#13;
09:16	Later on, Bob tutored at Murdoch. In his class was the son of the professor of Classics at UWA. He was very disappointed when they were not able to get Bob back the next year to teach as he was “the first person who made him think”.&#13;
10:20	The University of Adelaide was land locked and tightly contained whereas Perth had a beautiful campus.&#13;
10:58	When the Hetheringtons arrived in Perth they were accommodated at a university house on the campus. Eventually they bought a house in Claremont. They had a car and Bob drove to Uni.&#13;
12:15	The Politics Department was located in the Arts Building. Later on they were moved to the Social Science Building. This was probably due to a lack of space. They were quite close to the History Department in many respects (not just proximity). Brian de Garis was in the History department at this time. When Fred Alexander retired the Chair of History was split in two and Bert Hallam and Geoffrey Bolton appointed.&#13;
14:33	The History and Politics departments were closer in Adelaide as they shared a tea room and knew each other very well. They were no crossover lectures between the history and politics departments at UWA.&#13;
14:56	When Bob arrived the staff included Professor Gordon Reid (3rd year course in public administration); Ted Watt (2nd year course) and Bob. He was expected to have 70 students and do all the lecturing and tutoring. However, it was during the Vietnam War and he ended up with 182 students.&#13;
16:05	Bob thinks that there was protest on campus but cannot remember anything specific.&#13;
16:34	He could not do the tutoring on his own and asked Geoff Bolton for help. He sent along Barbara Hamilton who stayed for year and eventually became a lecturer. Later Sandra Penrose came and tutored. Both ladies eventually demanded that they be allowed to do some of the lecturing.&#13;
17:33	This changed the course a little bit. The crux of the course was the Westminster system; the Australian political system and. Students also studied a book by Walter Bagehot, the Australian constitution and the party system. Democratic thought covered the writings of John Locke, John Stuart Mill and other writers who believed in democracy.&#13;
18:24	Bob’s former professor in Adelaide, Professor Duncan, said it was the best course he had seen. Bruce Stone was until recently the Head of the Politics Department and would be able to supply further information on courses. He was formerly a student of Bob’s and very bright.&#13;
18:57	Many students went on to get a job in Foreign Affairs. Some became academics. Other did it before they did a law degree.&#13;
19:41	Marika Vicziany was another very bright student who went to London as is now a professor of Asian Political Economy at Monash University, Melbourne.&#13;
20:24	Bob was a notoriously hard marker and failed a third of his students. The assessment was by essays and examination.&#13;
20:49	The students would choose an essay topic and would have to research and write a paper. They were able to argue points in their essays. One student wrote a brilliant essay on the American Constitution. He argued that it existed to keep to bourgeoisie in power.&#13;
21:41	One student was not doing so well. Bob told him that he had reached rock bottom and could only go up from that point and he did!&#13;
22:22	Many students found the transition from school to university very challenging. The men wrote scrabbly stuff – the writing and the English was bad. The girls wrote in beautiful round handwriting but the work wasn’t very good. An ex student of Bob’s in Adelaide was Anne Cooper (now Anne Summers. Bob told her that her first essay contained better polemics than analysis.&#13;
23:53	There were more middle class women and ex-service people in his classes than was the case at UWA in Perth.&#13;
24:31	&#13;
&#13;
Track 3	&#13;
00:00	At one stage Bob lectured at the Octagon as it could hold 300 students. Others did not enjoy lecturing here. He used a table instead of the rostrum. He handed out summaries of the lecture and ad-libbed from his summary. There was no technology in these days – just word of mouth.&#13;
01:30	Ralph Pervan was also in the Politics Department and regarded as a “reasonable person”. After the Whitlam Dismissal in 1975, a rally was held in the Entertainment Centre. 6,500 people attended and Bob was told to warm up the crowd. He addressed them as “Fellow Democrats”. Ralph Pervan commented later that this was more like the Nuremburg Rally&#13;
02:49	There was flexibility to incorporate current affairs into the political lectures.&#13;
03:38	Bob said that he learnt a lot from lecturing. The students appreciated him getting out from behind the table to meet the audience.&#13;
04:05	There would be about 10 in a tutorial. They liked to keep the numbers small in order to relate to the students. Bob was a good tutor and engaged with the students. They would have to discuss a topic.&#13;
06:03	The male/female ratio at UWA was just about 50/50. Mature aged women started to attend in the Whitlam era.&#13;
06:45	Ted Watt was very helpful when Bob cased the joint in 1966 and drove him around Perth as a pillion passenger on his motor bike. At this time, they were tearing down the Barracks. It was suggested that a bridge should link the Barracks and Parliament House. This is being canvassed again for the upcoming State Election in 2013.&#13;
08:08	The students did not visit Parliament House as part of the politics course. When Bob was a member of parliament he would show students around.&#13;
08:34	One of Bob’s first speeches in Parliament attacked Charles Court. Bob left UWA to enter politics. Bob was beaten for preselection by Fred Chaney and Bob McMullan talked him into going into the Legislative Council. A new two member seat was established and he was the member with Fred McKenzie.&#13;
11:27	Bob’s academic background was not a great help in his political career.&#13;
12:00	Brian McKinnon was the Leader of the House. One day Bob had not had time to distribute notes to accompany his speech. Bob argued that this was not mandatory. Mr McKinnon argued that the notes might make the speech understandable. Bob said he did not expect to make the leader any wiser but he was trying to inform him!&#13;
14:06	Bob was not aware of internal university politics. Gordon Reid ran the department without any outside interference.&#13;
15:06	The department did not mix socially outside work. Bob would visit Gordon from time to time. Gordon was very proper. They would visit Ted Watt and his wife. Ted was a right wing devout Catholic.&#13;
16:14	Morning and afternoon tea was taken in the department. Lunches could be eaten and/or bought outside the department.&#13;
16:42	Pat Carruthers was the department secretary. She was devoted to Professor Reid. Her husband converted part of the pantry in Claremont into a toilet. Bob wrote an article about Gordon. He has since misplaced this. Gordon was an ex navigator in a bomber during WW2. Ruth was a war bride that be brought back from England. Bob was in the army for 4 years and 6 months. Both had a military background.&#13;
18:58	Some people wore gowns but Bob just wore a smart shirt and trousers. Some students thought Bob was a Liberal because he often wore a blue shirt. The students wore what they liked.&#13;
20:22	&#13;
&#13;
Track 4	&#13;
00:00	&#13;
00:11	Conclusion&#13;
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/5361f2148dc551f6e16a06424584fea5.mp3"&gt;Hetherington, Interview 1, Track 1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/eda431c6940651a9af8b47d5dd43a716.mp3"&gt;Hetherington, Interview 1, Track 2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/79968969f9bd2f940c629652fa13957a.mp3"&gt;Hetherington, Interview 1, Track 3&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/400faad50d737b53e23ed8904002112c.mp3"&gt;Hetherington, Interview 1, Track 4&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Bob Hetherington interview, 24 January 2013</text>
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                <text>Bob Hetherington joined UWA in 1966 from Adelaide University. He established the first year course in the Politics Department. He was a Labor member of the Western Australian Legislative Council from 1977 to 1989. In 1987 he introduced a private member's bill into the council to legalise homosexuality, which was narrowly defeated.</text>
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                  <text>A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the &lt;a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank"&gt;UWA Historical Society&lt;/a&gt; to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. &lt;br /&gt;The UWA Historical Society’s &lt;a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank"&gt;Oral History Program&lt;/a&gt; started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant.</text>
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              <text>Interview 1: 50 minutes, 32 seconds&#13;
Interview 2: 56 minutes, 56 seconds&#13;
Interview 3: 36 minutes, 3 seconds &#13;
Total: 2 hours, 23 minutes, 31 seconds</text>
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              <text>Interview 1&#13;
&#13;
Track 1	&#13;
00:00	Introduction by Julia Wallis&#13;
00:30	&#13;
&#13;
Track 2	&#13;
00:00	Born 1943. Memories of austerity and cold. Studied science at school in Brighton. Discovered philosophy in his final year at school.&#13;
01:34	Father read Dennis Wheatley novels which Stewart also read. These books in the library were very close to philosophy and psychology, Read A History of Western Philosophy by Bertrand Russell which inspired him to explore the subject more thoroughly.&#13;
03:20	Studied at Leicester University. Applied for a scholarship to do a higher degree. Offered a job for the English Atomic Energy Authority.&#13;
06:00	He started to apply for jobs in England and the Commonwealth to teach Philosophy. Was offered 4 jobs – 2 in Australia and 2 in New Zealand. He took the one at UWA. The Department had been recommended by his supervisor as he knew some people in it.&#13;
06:58	Embarked on the Canberra on 14 January 1968 from Southampton and arrived in Fremantle on 3 February 1968. The Suez Canal was closed so they came around the Cape.&#13;
07:39	It was blisteringly hot and he had no idea that anywhere could be so hot – the description of a Mediterranean climate was misleading! Trying to find somewhere to live and the beginning of term was fast approaching.&#13;
09:00	When he heard a kookaburra outside the Arts Building he initially thought that the heat had driven somebody mad!&#13;
10:58	Encountered a red back spider in University House, a giant centipede in his bed and a scorpion in Myers Street, Nedlands.&#13;
11:30	Noel Bodycoat was the staffing officer and had asked him what he needed in the way of accommodation. The mining boom made accommodation scarce but he secured a flat in Broadway, Nedlands for what he considered were London prices. He lived here until he got married in 1971.&#13;
13:54	He had initially been given one week’s accommodation at Steve’s Hotel paid by the University and UWA paid 50% of the cost in the second week. Inflation was high. Consumer goods in Perth were more expensive as were fish and cheese. Wine was very reasonable!&#13;
17:07	There was no induction into the department – new staff left to their own devices. He was expected to live up to his responsibilities. You were thrown in at the deep end.&#13;
18:03	Professor Selwyn Grave was away when Stewart arrived. He was an avid climber. He would give advice but didn’t interfere. Prof Grave and Patrick Hutchings were New Zealanders. Julius Kovesi was a Hungarian refugee. An Oxford trained Indian called Surendra Sheodas Barlingay arrived at about the same time as Stewart to teach logic. George Seddon was on staff and is now better known for his environmental and landscape work but taught the Philosophy of Science. He moved to New South Wales about 3 years after Stewart arrived.&#13;
22:04	Barlingay left after a couple of years and was replaced by John Moore. There was a lot of coming and going of staff over the years.&#13;
22:36	R L Franklin, Ray Pinkerton and Ross Robinson had resigned before Stewart arrived.&#13;
23:22	&#13;
&#13;
Track 3	&#13;
00:00	Discussion of contrast between Leicester University and UWA. The character of the departmental staff was very different. Staff in the Philosophy Department at UWA was more bourgeois than Leicester. Four of them were Catholic and family men. Leicester was much more social.&#13;
02:00	Student numbers at UWA were much more than Leicester. Classes and tutorials were bigger. Lectures of 200 and tutorial groups of 15 students. Had to learn how to hold their attention.&#13;
04:25	UWA taught what is now called Distance Education. They would come in during the vacation to attend classes. There was a lot of preparation and providing of written materials. There was a lot more formal effort. Heavy essay marking loads. Comments were expected. At this time the essays did not count towards the grade.&#13;
06:47	All the assessment was done by end of year exams. This involved 3 weeks of exam marking.&#13;
08:08	The student drop-out rate was higher than the UK but then only 2% of the British population got into university. The drop-out rate at Leicester was about 10% and would be 25-30% at UWA. This would have been almost the same as other disciplines.&#13;
10:30	The challenges of lecturing to large groups. Had to be more like a stage actor. Wearing gown to the first year lectures helped although it was unbearable in the March heat. Gowns were not worn to second year lectures and didn’t last much longer for first year teaching.&#13;
13:20	First year lectures were in the Murdoch lecture theatre twice weekly at 11am and repeated at 6pm for part-time students. Many were school teachers.&#13;
14:40	&#13;
&#13;
Track 4	&#13;
00:00	The appeal of philosophy having been studying science. Examples of difficulties using physics as an example.&#13;
04:39	Example of difficulties he experienced in chemistry. Atomic structure.&#13;
05:50	Examples in mathematics – using calculus – concept of infinitesimal. George Berkeley. &#13;
07:39	Translations of foreign languages. How accurate can they be?&#13;
08:13	How do historians reconcile conflicting documentary evidence? &#13;
09:10	When you begin to ask these questions you are beginning to do the philosophy of science – mathematics- language- epistemology (the philosophy of knowledge) – and the philosophy of history.&#13;
09:39	Ethics is also a component of this. Moral thinking is also a branch of philosophy. &#13;
11:18	A lot of students who come into moral philosophy can find it very difficult as they already start with a definition.&#13;
12:00	&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Interview 2&#13;
&#13;
Track 1	&#13;
00:00	Introduction by Julia Wallis&#13;
00:32	&#13;
&#13;
Track 2	&#13;
00:00	The 1970s. The Vietnam War. Stewart attended two marches in Perth.&#13;
03:23	Selwyn Grave said that UWA was the only quiescent campus during the Spanish Civil War. Plenty of student turbulence in other places – including Leicester University that has student sit-ins. UWA very quiet by comparison.&#13;
05:10	A journalist came to see him regarding student blockades at UWA. The universities in Paris are in the city whereas the UWA campus was not. There would have been no impact.&#13;
06:42	There were student demonstrations protesting about the dangers of crossing Stirling Highway from the colleges to campus. They were successful in getting two tunnels built.&#13;
07:45	Stewart believes that he was agitating more than the students. He argued for and succeeded in getting student representation on the Faculty of Arts&#13;
09:10	Asked to write an article about student unrest and how they could make an impact. Suggested that they should put pressure on the library resources. This was in the days before computers and electronic copies of articles. Not considered to be a glamorous way of protesting. Student agitation more about moral vanity rather than trying to make a change.&#13;
12:15	Contrast with the rest of Australia. Marxists on staff at Flinders University. Notorious events c1968 or 1970 at the Australasian Association of Philosophy Conference. Refused to accept any moderates as Chairs.&#13;
14:15	Meanwhile the University of Sydney Philosophy Department was divided into two – liberal and traditional and Marxists and Feminists. Further information can be found in James Franklin's book entitled Corrupting the Youth. &#13;
15:25	&#13;
&#13;
Track 3	&#13;
00:00	Retirement of Professor Selwyn Grave in 1981. Mandatory retirement at age 65. He moved to Tasmania.&#13;
01:28	Selwyn Grave was a very nice man. He was very democratic. He took his share of the grunt teaching including first year teaching and marking. A good example to his staff and earned a great deal of personal loyalty.&#13;
02:58	Had a temper which he kept in check with iron self-control and a strong sense of duty. Amiable but volatile underneath. The students never saw this side of him. In fact he could be too gentle with them! &#13;
04:46	He held the Department together by force of personality and loyalty but when he left things began to unravel and tensions came to the surface.&#13;
05:16	He was almost a character from another era. He disliked using the telephone. In fact, it turned out that he didn’t really know how to use it!&#13;
07:56	He had terrible handwriting – only the secretary and Stewart could read it with relative ease. All articles had to be written in longhand. This meant that you had to get things right as everything then was typed up. Before the days of computers you couldn’t change things so readily. Comments on essays were written by hand. Amusing incident where a student couldn’t read what Selwyn Grave had written in the margin. In point of fact, he said that the student that he had appalling handwriting!&#13;
10:45	The department was consulted regarding his replacement but appointments at professorial level were made by a committee. There were power brokers in Australia who decided who was getting what Chair of Philosophy and in what order. They were generally influential people from interstate.&#13;
13:03	The next Professor was Michael Tooley who was Canadian and had worked at ANU. There was some local resistance to him due to his book entitled Abortion and Infanticide. This was a controversial work then and remains so today. He was called ‘Professor Herod’. In fact he was a genial colleague.&#13;
16:46	He did not stay long and left in the 1980s. He was not made welcome and did not enjoy administration. Now at the University of Colorado in Boulder.&#13;
17:55	&#13;
&#13;
Track 4	&#13;
00:00	Philosophy is a discipline that could fit into any faculty and is often not totally comfortable in any.&#13;
02:24	Philosophers are often not popular wherever they are because they ask unsettling questions. Stewart would attend Psychology lecturers and ask questions about their experimental methods. It is natural for philosophers to question and argue. Where is the evidence? Others find this unsettling. &#13;
07:54	The Philosopher got on better with the Historians who would join in with theoretical discussions in the tea room. Philosophers tend not to be able to moderate the way that they work to take account of other people’s sensibilities so people in the Faculty of Arts might have found them odd.&#13;
09:23	Philosophy and Classics tend to be partnered together in institutions that are structured in way that it can work – such as at Oxford University.&#13;
12:08	When Stewart was lecturing on a Platonic dialogue to first years, he was perplexed by the argument. There were many translations; some were very good and some not so good. Translations done by Classical scholars did not really understand the argument. They tried to make the language too flowery and had expanded the text thereby losing the sense of it.&#13;
16:01	What are the ethics of translation? To enable staff members from Philosophy and Classics to work together on, say, translations of Plato would take a great deal of time and co operation. There wasn’t the structure in place at UWA to enable this to happen.&#13;
19:16	Several law students on the Arts/Law degree course came and studied Philosophy. Many of them were extremely good. One Honours dissertation was to do with intention in the criminal law of Western Australia. Stewart introduced some concepts in the Philosophy of Mind course to be more relevant to law students as many of the judgments debate criminal responsibility, negligence, recklessness and intention.&#13;
23:04	&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Interview 3&#13;
&#13;
Track 1	&#13;
00:00	Introduction by Julia Wallis&#13;
00:30	&#13;
&#13;
Track 2	&#13;
00:00	The Centre at Albany&#13;
01:52	Recording of lectures at UWA and use of local tutor. Visits from UWA lecturers 1-2 times each semester.&#13;
02:36	Lecture recording becoming a standard. Local students listened at home. &#13;
04:06	Problems of the recording technology.&#13;
05:36	The Albany students.&#13;
06:55	The local tutor.&#13;
09:20	Philosophy Café movement.&#13;
11:26	Philosophy Café format at Shenton College and St Hilda’s.&#13;
12:30	Long term effect of recording lectures.&#13;
14:31	&#13;
&#13;
Track 3	&#13;
00:00	Study leave a standard condition of employment. One year in seven. A duty, then a right, then a privilege.&#13;
04:36	First leave taken in 1974.&#13;
04:48	Being able to buy books in the UK – much cheaper than in Australia. Very difficult to obtain. The University Bookshop was just for student text books. Deputation of academic staff&#13;
08:10	Buying up big in bookshops while on study leave.&#13;
09:17	Organising study leave. Visits to universities of Sussex, Cambridge, ANU, Illinois, Durham&#13;
11:26	Writing a study leave application.&#13;
11:59	Study leave report supplied to the Senate. These were posted on notice boards in the library. Deputy High Sheriff of the County of Wiltshire.&#13;
13:24	&#13;
&#13;
Track 4	&#13;
00:00	Editor of The Australasian Journal of Philosophy in 2007. One of the world’s top 10 general journals.&#13;
02:50	350 submissions pa of which the journal would publish 30. Now in May 2013 submissions are over 600 articles a year. A significant commitment.&#13;
03:47	Publish material from unknown authors. Double blind reviewing now.&#13;
05:33	When he gives up the editorship things will have to change. Too onerous to teach full time and be editor.&#13;
06:19	UWA has had the honour of hosting the journal. First time edited in WA. Founded in Sydney in 1923.&#13;
06:52	The Library benefits from receiving books sent for review.&#13;
08:09	&#13;
&#13;
Track 5	&#13;
00:00	Conclusion&#13;
00:10</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/38c890633c7dab57dba1973e244c31d3.mp3"&gt;Candlish, Interview 1, Track 1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/8c0ce8d2546bafee81717fb589c5a735.mp3"&gt;Candlish, Interview 1, Track 2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/53c7d5db50e4d32c83857db16779c9ad.mp3"&gt;Candlish, Interview 1, Track 3&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/260b613b9c6b028e54a517743198f56b.mp3"&gt;Candlish, Interview 1, Track 4&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/a0f3b144b15e378eb0bd860473296a12.mp3"&gt;Candlish, Interview 2, Track 1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/505be41629db6062123d45e45a39c214.mp3"&gt;Candlish, Interview 2, Track 2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/8298d23563afaf9ae14ac201f044201b.mp3"&gt;Candlish, Interview 2, Track 3&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/908e998c92217d8d6effd37343f352d3.mp3"&gt;Candlish, Interview 2, Track 4&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/8b82378b18608db0e0d68944fbad2ce8.mp3"&gt;Candlish, Interview 3, Track 1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/527e8914409f8ef4c8f6cea03d7df821.mp3"&gt;Candlish, Interview 3, Track 2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/1d3bf903b412f2d9c92e58887ce1c142.mp3"&gt;Candlish, Interview 3, Track 3&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/0cd8bebddfdc418316e81885baed2e5e.mp3"&gt;Candlish, Interview 3, Track 4&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/e1055a5d98e6d7562dec8e7367c8fb8a.mp3"&gt;Candlish, Interview 3, Track 5&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Malcolm Stewart Candlish was born in Brighton in 1943. He graduated from the University of Leicester in 1967 with a BA (Hons) in Philosophy and an MA. In 1968 he accepted a teaching appointment at UWA. The Professor at that stage was Selwyn Grave. Stewart was a Lecturer from 1968-1972 and a Senior Lecturer from 1973-1989. From 1990 to 2001 he was Associate Professor of Philosophy. He retired in August 2007.</text>
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                  <text>A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the &lt;a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank"&gt;UWA Historical Society&lt;/a&gt; to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. &lt;br /&gt;The UWA Historical Society’s &lt;a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank"&gt;Oral History Program&lt;/a&gt; started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant.</text>
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                  <text>University of Western Australia Historical Society</text>
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                  <text>University of Western Australia Historical Society</text>
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      <name>Oral History</name>
      <description>A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge.</description>
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          <name>Interviewer</name>
          <description>The person(s) performing the interview</description>
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              <text>Julia Wallis</text>
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              <text>Iain Brash</text>
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              <text>Shenton Park, W.A.</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="102">
              <text>Interview 1: 1 hour 5 minutes 23 seconds&#13;
Interview 2: 1 hour 6 minutes 21 seconds&#13;
Interview 3: 1 hour 32 minutes 45 seconds &#13;
Total: 3 hours 44 minutes 23 seconds</text>
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              <text>128 kbs</text>
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            <elementText elementTextId="104">
              <text>Interview 1&#13;
&#13;
Track 1	&#13;
00:00	Introduction&#13;
00:20	&#13;
&#13;
Track 2	&#13;
00:00	Full name and DOB. Scottish family background.&#13;
01:29	Parents in London as a direct result of Great Depression.&#13;
01:53	William Denny &amp; Brothers Shipyard, Dumbarton. Father then joins Metropolitan Police.&#13;
03:00	Mother’s mother was a primary school teacher. Iain’s mother worked in parents’ newsagent and tobacconist shop until she married and moved to London.&#13;
03:45	Mother and son moved back to Scotland during Second World War. Iain went to Knoxland Primary School, Dumbarton, Scotland from 1940-6. Very good primary education.&#13;
04:36	Lived with grandparents. Father re-joined family after the War.&#13;
05:13	Took 11+ examination in England as well as the Scottish equivalent, the Qualifying, just in case the family returned to Scotland.&#13;
05:52	The family remained living in Erith, Kent and Iain attended the local grammar school for his secondary education from 1947-1955. A very good school. Excellent teachers in history and English literature. Took a broad range of subjects for “O” level in 1952 aged 16, and 4 “A” level subjects. He also took 2 subjects for Scholarship level (history and Eng Lit). Awarded State Scholarship.&#13;
07:20	Had a 3rd year (aged 19) to take Scholarship exams for entry level to Oxford or Cambridge. He was accepted into Balliol College, Oxford which had strong Scottish connections.&#13;
08:40	Laid the ground work for his eventual post at UWA. Realised at university studying modern history that he wanted an academic career. Other job options might have been a career at the Bar or as a civil servant or librarian.&#13;
11:06	Very good historians at Balliol at the time including his tutor and mentor Christopher Hill, a Marxist historian and Richard Southern, the medieval historian.&#13;
11:27	Only 2 public exams at Oxford and then Finals. The colleges maintained their own exams. Iain and 4 others had the best results in the Prelims were invited to enter for one of the university prize essay competitions. Iain wrote an essay for the Gladstone Memorial Prize in 1959. All four won the prizes.&#13;
13:08	There was no Honours dissertation at Oxford at the time. Spent his second year doing research as a result of winning the Gladstone prize. A prestigious award and he thinks that it helped him get the post at UWA.&#13;
14:45	Gladstone prize winner given the duty of presenting part of this essay at the awards ceremony for conferring of degrees at the Sheldonian theatre.&#13;
17:02	Iain was expected to get a 1st but got a 2nd but he thinks winning the Gladstone may have made up for this.&#13;
17:52	Did national service in a Scottish regiment. Moving between England and Scotland meant he was turned down for a studentship to do postgrad study. He began to apply for positions abroad and wrote to the Master of the College to ask his advice. He also asked his senior tutor, A B Rogers who had taught Fred Alexander in the 1920s. He was advised to do so and applied for jobs in Queensland and Christchurch, New Zealand. &#13;
20:43	Left in summer of 1950 and started looking for jobs in August and asked his college for references. As luck would have it, Fred Alexander at UWA was looking for a Senior Tutor with a 3 year appointment who might then be suitable to be appointed to a lectureship.&#13;
23:17	Shortly afterwards Fred Alexander sent Iain a long letter of explanation. &#13;
24:11	Iain informed UWA that he was engaged to be married and was sent a cable, with a job offer of 1,500 Australian pounds and a first class fare to Fremantle by ship.&#13;
25:28	Further letters then came with advice on what to bring and Mrs Alexander also advised Iain’s wife Elizabeth on what clothes to bring.&#13;
26:11	Fred Alexander was on the point of leaving for study leave in India.&#13;
26:26	Iain and Elizabeth married on 22 December 1960 and embarked from Tilbury 8 days later on 30th. The arrived into Fremantle on 22 January 1961.&#13;
26:47	Iain and Elizabeth did not look beyond the 3 year appointment. It was an adventure but they had no firm plans to stay in Perth. Re-appointments were made every 3 years.&#13;
28:01	&#13;
&#13;
Track 3	&#13;
00:00	Arrival into Fremantle early in the morning on a hot Sunday. Met by Frank Crowley (Acting Head of Department) and Robert Orr, lecturer in politics. Almost passed the ship taking Professor Alexander to India in Colombo Harbour. Wrote letter that he tried to send via the purser but the letter did not reach Iain until a month after he arrived.&#13;
02:03	Drove them up Stirling Highway. Lots of advertising signage. View of tower of Winthrop Hall.&#13;
03:11	Fred Alexander had arranged accommodation for 6 weeks in an apartment at The Mansions, 74 Mounts Bay Road. This cost 8 guineas a week. Frank Crowley thought it was too expensive.&#13;
05:19	Waiting at the flat, having set it up for them, was Marjorie Horrocks.&#13;
05:36	They were then shown around the campus. Lots of open space and buildings in progress. Superb grounds.&#13;
06:56	Fred Alexander had sent the Iain a brochure so he knew what to expect.&#13;
07:20	They were also sent a pamphlet by Joe Gentilli which detailed information on the climate.&#13;
08:27	Department housed in Chancery building and was a bit cramped. Iain shared a room with another recent arrival, Leslie Marchant who had come back from studying aboard to teach a course in Pacific history. Later Iain shared a room with Peter Reeves, an Indian specialist came in 1963&#13;
09:29	Ivo Schoffer was a Dutch historian who taught the first year course in 16th and 17th century Europe. He was located in Fairway.&#13;
09:46	Some people in other departments had their rooms in the Tower at Winthrop Hall. It was a period of expansion and they were running out of space to put people.&#13;
10:16	Employed (1 to assist John (“Josh”) Reynolds with tutoring for the Tudor and Stuart first year course and after the first term, to take over the organisation of the course; (2) to work with Ivo Schoffer in the early modern course 16th – 17th century and take some tutorials there; (3) teach a joint seminar with Fred Alexander in the third year course on modern history (from French revolution to WWI). An old fashioned course that had been taught for years.&#13;
12:00	IB to also give 3 lectures on Italian history in the 19th century and do some work on 19th century British history (Gladstone connection)&#13;
12:25	Not long after IB arrived he was also asked to be editor of University Studies in West Australian History. &#13;
12:35	Fantastic opportunity to obtain a wide range of experience very rapidly.&#13;
13:10	One of the first things IB asked (and detailed in the letter Fred Alexander tried to send via the ship’s purser) was to tutor external students (mainly WA country school teachers). FA had set up a course for them to come into Perth to have lectures and tutorials before school term started. This was to commenced 8 days after IB arrived (and he was informed of this request by Frank Crawley). He was to give a lecture on the main trends in British foreign policy from 1784 to 1914.&#13;
15:13	Les Johnson from the Education Department was in charge of the External students.&#13;
16:18	Quite a lot of IB’s school curriculum was equivalent of a Perth student’s first two years at university so he was well ahead of the game.&#13;
17:02	Did a special subject with Christopher Hill at Oxford on Cromwell and the Protectorate which also helped IB to get the position at UWA. He was not too specialist and had a good general and quite varied background in history.&#13;
17:28	In the middle of the year Ivo Schoffer was appointed Chair at Leiden, Netherland and IB took over his course and became a lecturer and took over the running of that course as well. At the end of the year he was made permanent. A pretty rapid promotion.&#13;
18:20	This followed a similar pattern for the next few years. Dropped the European history and didn’t do it again. In 1962 the European course wasn’t taught. Then Peter Lavan arrived in 1963 to replace Ivo Schoffer. He was a London graduate.&#13;
19:04	Not long after IB, Bert Hallam arrived in 1961. He was a medievalist from Cambridge (his wife Sylvia was an Anthropologist). He became Fred Alexander’s successor. Geoffrey Bolton to a second chair of History as part of the expansion after Fred Alexander retired.&#13;
20:06	IB stayed with Tudors and Stuarts until 1966 and worked increasingly with Fred Alexander until he retired. Taught and tutored British history with Fred Alexander and assisted with the Honours course.&#13;
20:37	Eventually in 1967 IB had his own course and began teaching his own Honours courses.&#13;
20:52	In 1961, the subjects being taught were decided by Professor Alexander. He was a “God” professor. The university at this time was largely run by a small group of professors. In 1961, the Professorial Board was a fairly small body.&#13;
21:46	IB a very junior member of the staff but on his first day in the Department he was taken to meet the senior officers of the University – acting Vice Chancellor, Harry Ware; then the Registrar and his deputy and the accountant. Felt very valued and welcomed.&#13;
24:14	&#13;
&#13;
Track 4	&#13;
00:00	Many of the students in the early years were mature aged, male and female and part time. They came from all walks of life.&#13;
01:33	IB very impressed with some of the younger students who came straight from school. Many went on to have distinguished careers. Hugh Collins. Ian Copeland. Max Harcourt. &#13;
03:46	Two lecturers a week and one tutorial. Tutorial sizes at Oxford normally 2 to 1, at UWA it was 6 or 8 to 1. At these tutorials, one of the students would read out an essay. This practice later died out.&#13;
04:56	IB thought it was unusual that the teaching programme was published and tutorial topics and reading lists. &#13;
06:00	In Oxford it was not compulsory to attend lectures but it was standing room only for lectures by somebody of the calibre of AJP Taylor.&#13;
06:27	Discussion of Oxford tutorial system. Papers read by student and commented on but not marked. Learnt how to polish up the essay as you read it out. Always independent research.&#13;
08:23	Meant library had to have multiple copies of books. Different teaching environment. It was not the Oxford model but may have been that in Glasgow or Edinburgh.&#13;
09:13	Josh Reynolds a famous lecturer. Warden of St George’s College. Very spiritual. Graduate from Adelaide. Lectures held at the end of the Vice Chancery Building. Josh would walk across and start delivering his lecturers as he walked up the stairs to the lecture room wearing his old academic gown. Later gowns were discarded.&#13;
11:20	Fred Alexander also had his own style. Had been teaching since 1924. Some of the courses had not changed much in that time. In the years before IB arrived he believes that Fred had been catching up with recent reading. Very dynamic. An important figure both within the University and outside it.&#13;
13:08	&#13;
&#13;
Track 5	&#13;
00:00	Conclusion by Julia Wallis&#13;
00:16	&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Interview 2&#13;
&#13;
Track 1	&#13;
00:00	Introduction by Julia Wallis&#13;
00:27	&#13;
&#13;
Track 2	&#13;
00:00	Reflection on the 1960s expansion of UWA and the Department of History. Staff coming and going. Went from 6 staff members to around about 20 in a decade.&#13;
01:56	Fred Alexander’s foresight and pre-planning. &#13;
02:33	Changes to the Honours course over the years. 1960 new implementation for 1962 to move to 2 year programme of Honours and what the course entailed. Seminars ran over 5 terms.&#13;
07:10	Staff study leave issues.&#13;
08:11	Seeds developed by Fred Alexander and Frank Crowley.&#13;
08:47	1961 Fred Alexander future planning for the department. Separate department for Political Science with its own Chair.&#13;
09:48	FA also outlined more funding for senior tutors and areas that needed development such as Africa, America and 18th century European history. Recommended two more Chairs in History and suggested four amongst them being Modern, Medieval or Australian History.&#13;
11:25	Entrepreneurial character of Fred Alexander.&#13;
11:40	1964 – move from Chancery Building to new Arts Building and the completion of the first stage of the Reid Library.&#13;
12:16	Easier to hold tutorials in their own rooms in the Arts Building and to access their text books. Good for 8-10 students. Also space for new members of department even it was wasn’t on the same floor.&#13;
14:28	Morning tea used to be in Fred Alexander’s room. The new Arts Building had a common room and you could meet members of other departments. &#13;
16:04	Support staff&#13;
17:50	Building brought everyone together.&#13;
18:12	Lecture theatres were more modern and enabled the use of audio visual material. Lectures could also be recorded. This was important for the External Students.&#13;
20:59	Timetable had to incorporate part time and full time hours due to the number of part time students. At one time there were even lecturers on a Saturday morning. There were also a large number of married women who took their courses during the day.&#13;
22:42	A lot more younger staff arrived in the mid to late 60s and brought fresh ideas. In particular, Peter Reeves and Tom Stannage when he returned from Cambridge in 1971.&#13;
23:38	Teaching methods changed as the resources available improved. The development of the Reid Library was crucial at this time.&#13;
23:55	Fred Alexander recruited Leonard Jolley to be the new librarian from Glasgow University in 1959. Leonard Jolley regarded himself as a Scholar Librarian.&#13;
25:15	New people, new ways of teaching, new areas of study and research came together in the 1960s. The support of Leonard and his staff was integral to this process particularly in regard to the Arts. There was also funding available which helped to achieve these goals.&#13;
26:00	&#13;
&#13;
Track 3	&#13;
00:00	Up until this time the History Department had not had its own library apart from the books donated by Bert Hallam. Academics in the History Department also made use of the Law library and the Fine Arts and Architecture library.&#13;
02:56	Leonard was able to supply multiple teaching copies and keep up with the amount of publications on the market. He was also able to obtain larger amounts of funding to support specialised topics such as 17th century studies or South Asian studies.&#13;
04:12	IB always took his 2nd and 3rd year students on a library tour in order to show them all the resources – reference works and collections (including microfilm and microfiche). Goldsmith Kress library of economic and social material going back to 17th century was a wonderful resource. They also had the reprints of British Parliamentary papers from the 19th century.&#13;
08:04	&#13;
&#13;
Track 4	&#13;
00:00	Retirement of Fred Alexander 1966. One Professor was replaced by two – Professors Bert Hallam and Geoffrey Bolton.&#13;
01:30	Two very different men. Bert Hallam a Medieval historian. Agrarian history especially in East Anglia. Great range of knowledge. Very gregarious. Strong researcher.&#13;
05:53	Geoff Bolton a local boy returning. First class honours from Oxford.&#13;
07:15	The old regime had passed. Bert stayed for a long time. Geoff there from 1966 until 1973 when he became part of the Foundation team at Murdoch University.&#13;
08:40	Frank Crowley left in 1963 so Geoff was a boost to Australian history picking up where Frank left off. Then Brian de Garis and Tom Stannage.&#13;
10:55	Geoffrey was also looking at more broadly based course such as the Rise of the West. A forerunner to global and world history developed by Tony Barker and Judith Woodward. They took turns in being department head.&#13;
12:00	Iain Brash was the first non-professorial head of department&#13;
12:14	&#13;
&#13;
Track 5	&#13;
00:00	Journal of University Studies established before WW2. First Economics and History. Later revived in 1953. Changed title to Western Australian History later. Underlined the amount of work done at Honours and Masters in WA history.&#13;
01:45	1961 – IB asked to edit this journal. Name changed to University Studies in History with a view to bring in more outside articles. Published work originally researched for honours or masters theses. Peter Boyce on Governors in WA in late 19th. Articles on colonial literature in WA and Goldfields literature by Beverley Smith.&#13;
07:47	Other people then published it. The final issue was in 1970 when the foreword said from now on the journal would be dedicated on papers in South Asian history. Reflective of what was happening at the time (1960s-1970s). Arrival of Peter Reeves in 1963. Then Hugh Owen.&#13;
09:70	Peter Reeves returned to UWA as Professor in 1974. Some others obtained positions in the Eastern States or went to WAIT which later became Curtin. Curtin became a Centre for work on South Asia although the staff at the universities worked together. Frank Broeze who came in the 1970s worked with these groups. Developed into Indian Ocean Studies Inter university co-operation.&#13;
11:18	Perhaps a precursor to inter disciplinary studies that later took place.&#13;
12:30	&#13;
&#13;
Track 6	&#13;
00:00	The experience of students in 1960s and 70s with regard to course work and examinations. Marking. The exam was the dominant determinant of the students’ results.&#13;
03:08	At this time it was 3 terms not semesters (1989). Whole of year courses.&#13;
03:39	Early 1970s – student participation in decision making. 1971 student representation at History department meetings.&#13;
05:38	Move to assessment of course work for final result. IB started using course work in assessment in 1973 (30% being course work). Later it became 40%. &#13;
07:05	Honours programme tied to the term structure and gave rise to issues&#13;
07:33	&#13;
&#13;
Track 6	&#13;
00:00	Conclusion by Julia Wallis&#13;
00:20	&#13;
&#13;
&#13;
Interview 3&#13;
&#13;
Track 1	&#13;
00:00	Introduction by Julia Wallis&#13;
00:31	&#13;
&#13;
Track 2	&#13;
00:00	Interview to discuss three main aspects of academic life - teaching, research and administration&#13;
00:52	Issues in the 1970s – reduced University funding&#13;
01:30	How the Department responded to those challenges. Prof Peter Reeves Head of Department (appointed 1974 after Geoffrey Bolton left to join Murdoch University) produced a document identifying the problems: staffing, tutorial sizes, abolition of study leave replacements.&#13;
03:45	Peter Reeves put together a plan to meet these challenges – teaching the same subject for 2nd and 3rd year courses. &#13;
05:15	Introduced some new units 17th century England, Islam, History of the United States.&#13;
06:11	Programme came into effect in 1982. Successful.&#13;
06:30	1989 – 2nd and 3rd year units semesterised.&#13;
06:49	How IB became head of department. 1975 Senate resolution that the department head did not have to be a professor.&#13;
07:42	1977 History Department put together a procedure to establish the next head of department by ballot. &#13;
10:10	IB Head of Department 1981 to 1983. Succeeded by John Tonkin.&#13;
10:42	Significant change when Peter Reeves left to join WAIT (now Curtin) in 1985. A planning document drawn up. One important proposal was to establish the Centre for Western Australian History. Prime movers Tom Stannage and Brian de Garis. This was established in 1985. Self-supporting but became very successful.&#13;
12:29	The other important issue discussed in the Planning Document was that the second History Chair should be Australian History. The vacant chair was advertised and the successful candidate was Richard Bosworth.&#13;
14:16	Richard Bosworth teaching from 1987. People coming and going. Three retirements: Bert Hallam, Isobel Durack and Leslie Marchant. In 1990 Brian de Garis left for Murdoch. New arrivals were Norman Etherington, Charlie Fox, Philippa Maddern etc&#13;
15:32	Period of early 70s, now late 80s, next phase was around the time IB retired in 2001. &#13;
16:02	&#13;
&#13;
Track 3	&#13;
00:00	IB found teaching the most enjoyable. Last time full time was 2000. Did his favourite topics. Two Honours – (1) Orange and Green and (2) Victorian Social History. For 2nd and 3rd year courses, IB taught British Social &amp; Political History and tutored for Richard Bosworth in Hitler and the Holocaust.&#13;
02:57	Teaching IB enjoyed – Honours. Small group teaching.&#13;
04:14 Design of the course. Everyone in the class participated. Example of public health in the Victoria city.&#13;
07:28	Condition of agricultural workers in different parts of England.&#13;
08:05	First year teaching. From 1987 IB assisted Richard Bosworth in new unit. Study of historiography. What they wrote. Who they were. Why they wrote what they did. The importance of interpretation and criticism. History 102. &#13;
09:36	Richard Bosworth used extracts from the Goon Show and music. Discussion of distinctive lecturing styles.&#13;
10:40	Topics – 20th century – communism, fascism, etc AJP Taylor referred to as “God” of the course by Richard Bosworth. A demanding course for the first years but after a while the penny began to drop.&#13;
12:10	1997 – review of BA. Recommendation that the first year be semesterised. Richard Bosworth’s course had to be changed to fit the new pattern. It did not have the impact that the full year course had.&#13;
13:17	&#13;
&#13;
Track 4	&#13;
00:00	Early experience of research as a school boy. 1955 British General Election. Study into educational background of new members of Parliament.&#13;
01:47	Oxford research on Gladstone material in British Museum.&#13;
02:16	What to research once in Perth. Learning Australian history while editing articles for University Studies.&#13;
03:16	1963 – 6 months study leave. Decided to do research in modern Scottish history. Travelled to UK by ship (6 weeks of this leave spent on ship).&#13;
04:55	Had a house in Edinburgh. Worked in national archives and visited private homes.&#13;
05:24	Background to publishing in 1974-75, a volume published by the Scottish History Society. In 1964 IB visited Dalkeith Palace belonging to the Duke of Buccleuch to study the Buccleuch papers. (They were since moved to Edinburgh). A treasure trove. The Reform Act – how can we rescue the situation? The papers demonstrated how they organised, raised money, got people to vote and manufactured fictitious votes. &#13;
[Papers on Scottish Electoral Politics 1832-1854, Scottish History Society, Fourth Series, Volume II (Edinburgh, 1974).]&#13;
09:31	Among the papers were a series of electoral surveys put together by Donald Horne, lawyer and agent of the Duke. IB thought they should be published in a volume to pull together the different papers with a story of the period and to include the surveys done by Donald Horne.&#13;
11:45	This became a substitute for not doing a PhD. The material was too rich to ignore.&#13;
13:20	Continued work on Scottish poll books. This was new research. IB did a lot of research but did not do enough publication.&#13;
14:40	Led to a publication in 1996 which posed the question - In the Scottish counties in 1832 who actually got the vote? A lot of detailed work for a 20 page article.&#13;
['The New Scottish County Electors in 1832: an Occupational Analysis', Scots and Parliament, edited Clyve Jones, Edinburgh University Press, 1996, 120-39.]&#13;
17:37	&#13;
&#13;
Track 5	&#13;
00:00	The importance of administration.&#13;
01:08	Administration work for or on the Scholarship Committee 1975 to 1997. Firstly on Sub Committee ranking candidates for post graduate scholarships for candidates throughout the university. Some were candidates for overseas scholarships.&#13;
05:17	Member of the main committee1983 until 1988. From 1986 to 1988 IB was the Chairman of that Committee. As Chair there was always general business. Brian Cleary was the secretary.&#13;
07:07	Discussion of Academic Board administration and duties.&#13;
07:50	Administration became front and centre in the final part of IB’s career when he came Department Head from 1997 to 2000.&#13;
08:16	&#13;
&#13;
Track 6	&#13;
00:00	1996 Philippa Maddern Head of Department (from 1993). From April 1996 IB approached to resume the headship.&#13;
01:37	Mid 1990s mounting problems for the Department – funding. Enrolments and staff costs.&#13;
03:12	Two main issues that dominated 1996 (1) funding issues; (2) review of the Bachelor of Arts degree.&#13;
04:32	December 1996 workshop on changes after review of BA. Change from terms to semesters for first year.&#13;
05:37	Australian studies introduced around this time. &#13;
05:53	Review wanted the department to look into generic skills to make the BA more useful. Course handouts on how a BA would enable you to develop useful skills. A requirement that felt ridiculous.&#13;
07:07	Practicum Tony Barker.&#13;
07:42	Structure of Honours programme reverted to 1961 days from two years to a one year 4th year programme after the pass degree. Historiography, two seminars and a dissertation counting for 50% final mark.&#13;
09:15	History Department had excellent staff but had 6 professors. Many were fellows of the Academy. Very good record in publication. Outstanding students. Many senior staff. Top heavy. Victims of their own success.&#13;
12:22	The budget was very much tied to enrolments especially at first year level. Then you had to ensure the students carried on into second and third year. Very successful in recruiting Honours students and after English had the highest post graduate school in the faculty. Students completed Masters and PhDs with distinction on a regular basis.&#13;
13:25	Some of the staff had health problems.&#13;
13:42	1997 to 1998 endless meetings and discussion as to how the History Department could resolve the problem of its debt. Talk of redundancies. Rumour of breaking up of department.&#13;
15:14	Staffing was central to the issue. The Review Committee were critical of the professors as a group as they did not play a large enough part in the running of the department. IB as head of department had to implement the recommendations which meant he remained head for 4 years and not 3.&#13;
18:02	A list of 15-20 recommendations. Some to do with changes to courses. Several different levels to review included changes to courses, changes to department, budgets and restricting.&#13;
19:45	The restructuring was tied to funding.&#13;
20:30	IB received a letter from the Deputy Vice Chancellor Alan Robson that by a certain date IB had to give him a plan of how they would deal with the staffing problem. &#13;
21:11	There were 2 early retirements. The Review was similar to what happened in the early 80s. New units, new approaches.&#13;
22:37	In 1999, they had to report on what they had done.&#13;
22:48	Immediately after the review the department had a meeting with the review panel who came from the Eastern States. They were told some rather painful home truths. Many of IB’s colleagues were very unhappy with this.&#13;
23:33	&#13;
&#13;
Track 7	&#13;
00:00	Even before the panel left the department met to discuss how to respond. IB wrote a report on their progress. Well received - marked increase in enrolments in 1999 and a 33% increase in 2nd year enrolments.&#13;
01:07	1999 Tom Stannage left to take up a position at Curtin. He was not replaced.&#13;
02:02	IB suggested he present an annual report to the department that be incorporated into the Minutes. This had not been done before.&#13;
02:45	Annual Report written partly to deal with peoples’ issues. Threat of redundancy ever present but did not ever happen.&#13;
04:37	There were good things happening as well as the problems and the Annual Report helped to emphasise the successes of the staff and the students.&#13;
05:13	Visiting staff. Fred Alexander Fellowship enabled international scholars to visit for 2-3 weeks, deliver the Fred Alexander lecture and give seminars.&#13;
05:44	People sometimes came for the conferences. &#13;
06:23	Annual Reports were written in 1997, 1998 and 1999. Also an opportunity to thank the admin staff such as the departmental secretary, Muriel Mahoney.&#13;
07:28	Ironically some of the new units suggested by the Wise Men from the East did not get as many enrolments as the old units did.&#13;
07:52	IB is unaware of what the lasting consequences of the review were.&#13;
08:23	The review brought an end of Iain’s career and he gave up at the end of October 1999 and Professor Norm Etherington became head of department (now school). He kept teaching for another 8 years but took no more active part in departmental affairs.&#13;
09:17	&#13;
&#13;
Track 8	&#13;
00:00	Chancellor’s Medal awarded in 2001. Ken Michael was then the Chancellor. IB received the medal at the graduation ceremony on 10 September 2001, the evening before 9/11.&#13;
02:02	Thoughts of leaving UWA for overseas or elsewhere. Discussion of offer from Christchurch, New Zealand. Considered moving to University of Aberdeen in 1968. [interruption by phone ringing]&#13;
03:19	&#13;
&#13;
Track 9	&#13;
00:00	By this time Iain was senior lecturer and had 3 children and did not think a British salary was sufficient. Plus the family was happily settled in WA. After this, he did not look elsewhere. He came in 1961 for 3 years and stayed for over half a century!&#13;
01:40	&#13;
&#13;
Track 10	&#13;
00:00	Conclusion by Julia Wallis&#13;
00:23&#13;
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/dec778f5ab06fd2d00881c1a3a5bdb14.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 1, Track 1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/b8418636e95675234069def091081a0f.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 1, Track 2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/d36b7ee87813ea71e215047c0ddc049c.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 1, Track 3&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/96977de6ac1fd6acc5d621e4a033e7da.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 1, Track 4&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/dd34f34f32956f8d5a9eee03294a4bb2.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 1, Track 5&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/96cfe0d4ffee543d91568abe5a83695e.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 2, Track 1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/25e80ba33520935aaf02caa99a728430.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 2, Track 2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/de6e5c74df4cf184d0f367be65ce452c.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 2, Track 3&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/02c9a47115583a6dfdfb430ab14cccaa.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 2, Track 4&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/85e5884451aefcb58db45b62910bbe1a.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 2, Track 5&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/3d5576900d0932f7599d23c192f14c1d.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 2, Track 6&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/ee2ba3498497b9a4226831cd6bd03399.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 3, Track 1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/beb45bb351026220b4039fa95bbd571a.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 3, Track 2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/f9df64eb9896a46d1f704d6f015b99cb.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 3, Track 3&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/bacae8e8b601820be409690f1c41a92f.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 3, Track 4&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/03a2b63078020b5d833d723ef93cbd15.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 3, Track 5&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/fe46505a29c0a6a6c1e96daf5a3f2211.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 3, Track 6&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/8831570fb532bb6dc57de25e1bb71bb3.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 3, Track 7&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/cc65185d68f4b7ab86c28210be9f46b0.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 3, Track 8&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/876f93ae505022cb64ee84544a248d25.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 3, Track 9&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/b3b001f40a47e0785a609a7e3b563b86.mp3"&gt;Brash, Interview 3, Track 10&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>Iain Brash interview, 7 September 2012, 14 September 2012 and 21 September 2012</text>
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                <text>Iain and his wife Elizabeth arrived by ship to Fremantle on 22 January 1961. Iain was appointed as assistant to John Hayward (“Josh”) Reynolds. Iain taught history at UWA for 48 years. Iain officially retired in 2001 but only finished teaching at the end of 2008. At this time he was working as a Senior Honorary Teaching Fellow supervising PhD students. Iain was Head of Department from 1981-1983 and again from 1997 to 2000. Iain particularly enjoyed teaching Honours students and was nominated by his students for the Excellence in Teaching Award that he won in 1994.</text>
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                  <text>A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the &lt;a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank"&gt;UWA Historical Society&lt;/a&gt; to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. &lt;br /&gt;The UWA Historical Society’s &lt;a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank"&gt;Oral History Program&lt;/a&gt; started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant.</text>
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              <text>John Bannister</text>
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              <text>Interview 1: 52 minutes, 9 second&#13;
Interview 2: 55 minutes, 21 seconds&#13;
Interview 3: 30 minutes, 1 second&#13;
Total: 2 hours, 17 minutes, 31 seconds</text>
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              <text>Track 1 &#13;
00:00:00 Introduction background information and origins. Kiama. Schooling. Memories of WWII. Isolation in Sydney. Wollongong high school. David Lindsay. Decisions to do physical education. Sydney teachers college. Teaching in Newcastle. National service. Korean War 2nd /2nd battalion. Decided to go to the United States. The 1956 Olympic games.&#13;
00:05:50 Sport in the family background. Don Bradman. Memories of Father and uncle. Mother’s support and her nursing career. Sport and inspiration from books. Being a good swimmer. Kiama life saving club. Memories of surf life saving. Saving people in the surf. Hilton Osborne Bloomfield and Francis Hillman Verte. Memories of living near the beach in Kiama. &#13;
00:13:30 Involvement at the 1956 Olympics. Surf life saving. Second in the surf race. Wanting to coach swimming. Reading journals in sport science. Getting a Fulbright Fellowship. Going to USA. Primitive Olympics of 1956. Description of the facilities of the 56 games. Training in the rock pool at the beach. Professor Frank Cotton was a famous person. Anti G suit invented by. Memories of being taught by Frank Cotton. Assisted by Forbes Carlisle Group. Teaching self. Writing Knowhow in the Surf. First of its kind written in the world. &#13;
00:22:20 Coming to WA for the national Australian Surf Championships. Memories of Perth. Memories of the Crawley Baths. Competing with jellyfish. No knowledge of UWA. Experiences that direct Bloomfield’s career. Getting the idea to go to the United States. The push toward sport science. Comparisons to US training system.&#13;
00:30:01 Memories of experiences in Oregon. Biomedical science. Support for Australians in the United States. Masters and PhD in sport science. Teaching qualifications available in Australia. Thoughts of old wives’ tales in sport. Experiences in the United States and developing a scientific bent. Going to Europe. Jim Counsilman and Peter Sigerson.&#13;
00:37:44 Going to Europe and coming to Australia. Counsilman and hydrodynamics. Experiences of Poland, Hungary and East Germany. Coaching in the United States. Lack of jobs in Australia. Jack Cross offers a job in Physical Education at University of Western Australia. Not keen on WA. Primitive place Perth.&#13;
00:42:40 Talking to Commissioner of Health William Refshauge. Ralph Reader. Alternative views to health in the 1960. Thoughts of UWA reputation. Experience of coming to take up the position as Head of Physical science in UWA. Reg Moir – Prof Underwood and Blakers. No one was interested in sport science. Impressions of UWA in 1967. University’s ranking in Australia. &#13;
00:48:40 Sir Stanley Prescott. Exercise and the social and cultural attitudes. Being forced to start a Physical Education Course by Department of Education and Director General of Education Harry Dettman.&#13;
&#13;
Track 2&#13;
00:00:00 Prescott’s views on PT. Regulations and orders handed down. No sweaty tracksuits. Activity to be conducted at the teachers college. Teachers and academics. Gowns and suits. Prescott’s archaic attitudes. John Birkett Clews. Rugby and Rowing. Prescott’s sporting interest. Training and techniques and interval training in rowing. Improvements in rowing and the Kings Cup. Memories of the America’s Cup team.&#13;
00:12:40 Memories if the lectures in the foundation years. Foundation head. New course and scientific direction. Relating to chemistry. Students become young scientists. Benefits of to teaching. Facilities at the school. No physical activities at the Universities. Clews and improvements on the campus. Impressing Prescott and working at the University of Queensland. Sir Zelman Cowen.&#13;
00:20:50 Interest in ballet and the beauty of movement. UWA style of program for Queensland. Memories of Sir Zelman Cowen. Pulling in very smart kids from TAE. Building up the school to compare to Physics.&#13;
00:24:50 Academics and the Australian sporting emphasis. The development of Physical Education. The importance of the school to other departments. Medical interest in ground breaking findings. Tim Wellborn. Predicting people’s cardiovascular fitness health. &#13;
00:32:30 Osteoporosis, calcium and exercise. New thoughts Saskatchewan and Richard Prince. Don Bailey. Sociological aspect to the Sport Science School. Medicine and psychological and mental strength. Sports Psychology. Sandy Gordon. The Olympic games and the importance of sport and Psychology. &#13;
00:44:10 Writing the white paper for the Whitlam Government 1972. Making observations from experiences around the world. Making changes with sport. Trying to impress the Liberal Government. Gough Whitlam was very interested in the political importance of sport. Gough Whitlam was not interested in sport. Fraser and Whitlam were unco-ordinated. Ministry of Recreation. &#13;
00:50:25 Writing the White Paper as policy for the Australian government. The Montreal games and the poor Australian performance. Ellicott and the new sport system for Australia. Benefits of the White Paper and UWA. Brian Burke and support for sport. &#13;
&#13;
Track 3&#13;
00:00:00 The advancements seen in the faculty. Field of sport science and the faculty of science. Nationally rated and life science. In front of Ivy league Universities. Alan Robson and his contributions. Personal feelings toward success. Federal funding and performance. Funding comparisons with other universities. UWA and interaction with the new West Australian Universities. Status around Australia.&#13;
00:07:05 Notre Dame University and the faculty of health sciences. Things are happening in the west. Sports science laboratory, John Bloomfield award and Hollywood Hospital. State sport policy and the challenge stadium. Brian Bourke. Chairman of the Australian institute of sport. Bob Ellicott and Malcolm Fraser. The Olympics. Other countries have copied the way of the AIS.&#13;
00:16:15 People using Australia’s system. The Chinese vs Australia. Peter Shakespeare. Pioneering work and the growth of the Sport Sciences. Author, lecturer and consultant. Sir Stanley Prescott’s views. Being held down. The School Advisory Committee. Aims of the committee. McGillivray Oval. Personal awards and Professor Warren.&#13;
00:24:08 Proudest achievements and the students. Life Fellow of Australian Council Health and other awards. Sports medicine and Fulbright Scholar. Coming up with firsts. Sharing of knowledge. Hopes for the future of the department. Needs to be done. Advice and good leadership. &#13;
00:30:00</text>
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              <text>&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/7bae745a65c0e37711e049c5ec2bf0e1.mp3"&gt;Bloomfield, Interview 1, Track 1&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/9267132b43023fb242320a29eb1419a5.mp3"&gt;Bloomfield, Interview 1, Track 2&lt;/a&gt; &lt;br /&gt;&lt;a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/76e70372185dee918d056fa3d86ba659.mp3"&gt;Bloomfield, Interview 1, Track 3&lt;/a&gt;</text>
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                <text>This is an interview with John Bloomfield who came to the University in 1968. He was appointed senior lecturer and head of what was then the fledgling Physical Education Program. During the interview John talks of the path he took to come to the University of WA which included studies in North America where he saw a system of support for sport at the university level that he would apply on his arrival to UWA.&#13;
He recalls the opinions of Vice Chancellor Prescott about the department and speaks of the instructions he was given by him on his appointment. He discusses his aims for the school and the how the department would grow looking at the teaching and development of the course structure for the new department. The school has been instrumental in work into cardiovascular studies among other areas which have been of major importance to medical and health advancements. He is the author of over 100 scientific papers and a number of books. He was invited to write the White Paper for the Whitlam government in 1972 that would later be adopted as the blueprint for sport systems in Australia. He has chaired numerous sporting bodies including the Australian Institute of sport and the Australian sports commission among others.&#13;
He relates some of his national and international work including working as Chairman of the Institute of Sport in Australia and Leader of the Sports Commission Delegation to China in 1987. John Bloomfield has numerous awards and honours for his work, included are an Western Australian Citizen of the year 1979 and he received the John Graham Award in 2004. He has an Honorary Doctorate at the University of WA. The John Bloomfield Lecture Theatre at UWA and the John Bloomfield Lecture Theatre at Challenge Stadium are named after him.</text>
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