9 10 85 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UWA ORAL HISTORIES Description An account of the resource A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank">UWA Historical Society</a> to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. <br />The UWA Historical Society’s <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank">Oral History Program</a> started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Western Australia Historical Society Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Julia Wallis Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Harvey von Bergheim Location The location of the interview Kingsley, W.A. Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) Interview 1: 1 hour, 3 minutes, 8 seconds Interview 2: 1 hour, 3 minutes, 32 seconds Interview 3: 57 minutes, 32 seconds Total: 3 hours, 4 minutes, 12 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 128 kbs Time Summary A summary of an interview given for different time stamps throughout the interview Interview 1 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:35 Track 2 00:00 Paul Harvey Fritz von Bergheim. Born 19 July 1948 in Colombo, Sri Lanka. Did GCE ‘O’ level exams. 00:33 The family came to Australia for a better life. In Sri Lanka it was not possible to own your own home and families lived together. This may happen in Perth one day as well! 03:27 The family were rejected twice before they were accepted. They were sponsored by relations already living here and were assisted by Kim Beazley senior. They arrived in 1966. 04:09 Track 3 00:00 Harvey arrived when he was 17 and had completed his schooling. Harvey and his three brothers all started work. His sister attended Mercedes College and his younger brother went to Perth Modern School. 00:49 His first job was at Boans as a mail boy. The family rented a house in Princess Road, Claremont for a year or so. After 6 months Harvey left Boans and worked at Coventry Motors in Hay Street for 6 months as a spare parts clerk. Then he worked at Prestige Motors as a warranty clerk. 02:49 Harvey sat for the Public Service Exam at UWA Recreation Centre. He passed and got a job with the Repatriation Department (now called Veterans Affairs). There were no prospects of advancement here so after 2 years he applied for a job as a clerk in the Registrar’s Office at UWA. He was interviewed by Brian Rowland and Steve Wyles (Records Manager) in November 1969. After the interview Harvey was taken to see the Registrar, Arthur Williams. His office was where the present Vice Chancellor’s office is now. He was very proper and told Harvey that they don’t use the word “blokes” at UWA. 06:42 Brian Rowland was 6 foot 4 or 5 inches. He used to go fishing and would take Harvey with a group of other people. He would be able to drink two schooners of beer at Steve’s Hotel to Harvey’s one! He was a dinky-di Aussie and Steve Wyles was English 07:57 Harvey started work in December 1969. He worked in Central Records where all the records were on hard copy files. There were no computer records. The Records Section is now located on the corner of Broadway and Stirling Highway. The Records Section used to be where the Visitor’s Centre is now located. There were student files and general files. 09:53 There were wooden doors and a counter. Staff would fetch files that were requested and mark it out on the card. 10:14 The students were filed under number depending on the year of enrolment. The students would fill out an enrolment form which was then put on the file. All correspondence and paperwork would be placed on the file. The mail room was just behind and attached to the back of Central Records. 11:21 During this time, Harvey drove the mail van and delivered the mail for 3 weeks while the usual person was on holiday. The campus only stretched about as far as Chemistry. He would set off from Whitfield Court Administration. The mail round probably took about an hour. They had canvas mail bags. The departmental mail would be bundled up and dropped off at a central location. 14:20 There was a round in the morning and in the afternoon. The mail was collected from the Nedlands Post Office that used to be located at 35 Stirling Highway. The mail would be sorted in the Records mail room. It would be classified and then distributed. 16:18 There were 4 men in the office – Brian Rowland, Steve Wyles, John Devlin and Harvey plus about 8 female staff who opened the mail and did filing. There was a lot of filing. Enrolments were only at the beginning of the year. Files would be delivered often to the top floor. There were no administrators in the departments, they were all upstairs. Things would be delivered on a trolley. There wasn’t a lift as such it was more like a dumb waiter. 18:42 The typing pool was on the first floor. This was later called the stenographic unit. Lifts came in a lot later. 19:32 The files were needed upstairs so that the correspondence could be answered. A photocopy of the letter that was sent would then be put on the file and then the file came back down to records for filing. 20:50 Harvey used to drive to work from McCourt Street, Leederville. He would drop his father off at work in Murray Street in the city and his sister to Mercedes College and then drive to UWA. He parked in Car Park 1. The traffic was much less then. There would be trams running down Cambridge Street. 24:01 The office was behind the Visitors Centre. It was called the Records Section. Everyone had their own desk. Harvey sat next to John Devlin who created the new files and was Harvey’s direct supervisor. There were student files, staff files. There were also general files for Prizes and Bequests. In 1969 UWA was the only university in Perth. Each file would be registered on a slip. A student file would be cross referenced by name and number. 27:09 Files did sometimes go missing. Sometimes you could find them because they had been filed in wrong numerical position or caught up with papers in somebody’s office. 29:45 Track 4 00:00 Harvey worked from 8.30am to 5pm. There was an hour for lunch. You could also take tea breaks. Some people would take in cakes when it was their birthday. When Harvey became manager he suggested people put money in each month for a card and a cake. There were tea ladies who delivered the morning tea on a trolley. 02:32 There was no lunch room. Some people ate at their desks or outside. There were no microwaves. Most people brought their lunch. You could also buy it from the Hackett café or the shops at the top of Broadway. 04:25 Harvey remembers there was more after-work socialising in 1970. He worked under Bill Nation. Arthur Williams was still the Registrar. Cheryl Griffiths was the Statistics Clerk. Her maiden name was Higgs. She had a brother Paul worked as Manager of Engineering. Another brother, Michael, worked in the Publications Office. She left to have a baby. She married Martin Griffiths who was Vice Principal. Previously he was Examinations Officer and Fees Officer. 07:23 The job was advertised. Geoff Pearson had more experience and got the job but had to resign and return to New Zealand for personal reasons. Harvey does not remember whether the job was advertised externally. 08:48 Harvey started working as a clerk in the Statistics Section of the Registrar’s Office in 1970. He reported to Bill Nation, the Statistics Officer. Harvey compiled information from the enrolment forms. The information included where students lived in term time, holiday time, what units they were doing etc. Harvey circled in red felt pen what information needed to be updated. 11:42 Harvey took the forms to the dungeon where data processing girls would key in the information. The batches of cards were dropped off by Harvey at the Computer Centre to be processed overnight. The Computer Centre was where the Physics Building is. Then they would need to check the IBM forms. It was essential that all the information would be correct. 15:39 If students withdrew from a course this had to be filed. Today the 31st March and 31st August are the cut off dates. Then 30 April was the last day for withdrawal. The University was funded on 30 April if people withdrew, they did not receive the funding. The Statistics Office would process a student who withdrew on 29 March on 1 May in order to receive funding. You can’t do this now as the students pay the fees. This was the reason for the amount of files that used to be filed up around Harvey’s desk. 17:33 The office had to send out a list of people who had withdrawn or changed their enrolments. This was printed downstairs by the duplicating room. The Statistics Office and the Registrar’s Office were located in an administration building around the Sunken Garden. There may be a return to central administration again due to the new courses. 19:32 Harvey was also responsible for publishing the statistics within UWA. These had to be hand written very carefully before it was typed. 20:33 Track 5 00:00 Computing came into the job more and more. There was a place called Administrative Computing Services. There was a planning office on the top floor above Statistics run by Mr Richard Angeloni and Rod Boland. 01:20 Harvey organised for the enrolment forms to be pre-printed. The girls at the enquiry counter said that this caused them more work so the practice was abandoned. 05:49 There were telephone enquiries but it was not as common in the early 70s as paperwork was the more common approach. Harvey had his own phone. 08:06 Interview 2 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:33 Track 2 00:00 Harvey takes long service leave from June to August 1975. He is replaced by Peter Curtis who is now the Executive Registrar. Harvey went to Europe via Ceylon. 01:05 Harvey returned to Perth and UWA. He got married and didn’t return to Europe. He met his wife at UWA. 01:32 The Christmas function was held in the Undercroft at Winthrop Hall. There was a function that started at 12 noon. If you arrived at 1pm there was no food left. After the lunch Harvey’s group used to go on to Steve’s Hotel. 02:33 Some people went to University House. It was for all staff but you had to be a member. 03:14 There were not many social activities. Harvey’s work colleagues organised their own. Once a fortnight about a dozen of them went to Friday lunch at the Witches Cauldron in Subiaco and take the afternoon off. They made this up but going into work early on Monday. 04:14 On Fridays they used to go to Minsky’s Bar & Grill in Hampden Road or to the Broadway Tavern. The University Club was not a Friday night spot but because it was used more by the academics. Harvey’s group wanted to get off the campus once the working week was over. 05:39 There were no organised social or sporting activities. Harvey did not take part in sport apart from running. 06:17 Harvey got married to his wife, Bev, in the Sunken Garden on 29 December 1978. It was 42 degrees C. 07:40 Marriage on the university grounds has been going on for a while. People are now using the Tropical Grove. This was not as pretty and not as popular in the 70s. 08:43 There are also memorial services held there. Rhonda Haskell had a memorial service there recently. Harvey is not sure whether funeral/memorial services were held on campus in the 70s but weddings were very popular. Lots of students and ex-students get married on campus but services are not permitted during the examination period. 10:09 Harvey’s wife continued working until the birth of their first child in February 1984 when she resigned. Female staff either took maternity leave or resigned but she wanted to be a full-time mum. 12:34 Marriage did not change much for Harvey as he already knew people and his wife worked at UWA. 13:12 In March 1980 Harvey needed a challenge and moved to take a job as Media Control Clerk at the Tertiary Institution Service (TISC) on Stirling Highway (near the garage). This job was in the computing area and entailed processing enrolments for high school students working with the Secondary Education Authority. 14:48 His immediate boss was John Murray. Murray returned to UWA in about 2003 or 4 to head up the new Student Information Systems (SIMS). Mary Carroll was another colleague. She took over from John when he retired and is now Associate Director of SIMS. 15:51 TISC dealt with the results for high school students and wanted to apply to go to university. 16:58 Computers were gaining in popularity. The computer was housed in a special cool room. About 8 or 10 people worked outside the room. There was a computer on the table but it was very large and cumbersome compared to the ones today. 18:23 Harvey is not sure whether the filing system was also on computer. 18:50 In 1983 Harvey returned to UWA to work as Assistant Examination’s Office. The person in charge was Fred Pike. He later became Assistant Registrar at UWA. Harvey thinks that by this stage they had decided to merge Enrolments and Examinations into the one area but he is not completely certain. Harvey’s predecessor, Gary Habbishow had gone on secondment. He was originally from Human Resources. The job was advertised internally. 20:46 Harvey was interviewed by the then Registrar Malcolm Orr, Fred Pike, the Examinations Officer and Ian Peck the Admissions Officer. Harvey thinks he was successful because he knew how the enrolments side of things worked. 21:57 Harvey did his first examination timetable in April 1983. He had to draw up the examination timetable for the whole university which was approx. 7,500 students. Up until about 1989, UWA worked on 3 terms a year and the exams were held in April, August and November. The exams went for 1 week in April and August and for 2 weeks in November. 23:05 Exams started at 9am and 2pm. There was also an examination at 7pm. This exam was held in the Undercroft for security reasons. 23:51 When UWA moved to semesters the night exam was dropped. The Guild were consulted and it was agreed that this was would be replaced by an exam on Saturday morning. The Guild was very, very strong at this time. 24:39 Harvey presumes that the evening examination was due to a lack of venues. It was already happening when he arrived. For this reason Harvey was pushing for exams to be a maximum of 2 hours. It is not idea to put students who are doing a 2 hour exam in the same venue as those doing a 3 hours exam. 25:33 The shorter exam of 1 to 1.5 hours was done at night. The 2 and 3 hour exams were timetabled for during the day. There are more venues today. 25:56 Up to 2,700 students can be undergoing an examination in one session at 9am and 2pm. The examinations run for 13 days. There are 55,000 sittings but only 2,700 venues. 27:15 The supervisors often spent the whole day at the university if they had to supervise morning and afternoon exams. The supervisors are from outside the university. 27:49 When Harvey did his first timetable he had to do it manually with the assistance of a computer report that listed the exams that each faculty needed to run. This information was handwritten onto index cards with particular reference to the “Clash List”. The days would be set up and card by card the exams would be slotted in. In those days there were 4 law exams. These would be spread out during the week to be on a Monday and a Thursday for example. Medicine was also quite straightforward. Arts and Science exams are trickier to organise as they did so many different units. 30:09 Track 3 00:00 Occasion when there was a clash and Harvey and Fred Pike met with Dr Cyril Edwards from the Physics Department to explain the situation. Emphasises the benefits of face to face contact with people. 02:55 Stickler for the rules. Explains the rationale behind getting the exam papers delivered in plenty of time. The supervisor collects the paper from the appropriate pigeon hole on the day of the exam. 03:45 Complaint made to the Senate about the lateness of the medicine exam papers which were not delivered until the day before. 05:14 Ideally examination papers should be delivered to the Examinations Office 5 weeks before the exam. 05:37 The exam papers should be checked before they leave the faculty. The exam papers have a cover sheet and this is supposed to be check by the person who sets the exam. University policy is that the examiner needs to be present at the exam for the 10 minute reading time and then available in your office to deal with any queries or problems that may arise. This is easier now with mobile phones. 07:18 The policy of academics having to attend examinations goes back to the early 1990s when there was a problem with an examination and the examiner refused to acknowledge the error on the paper. This was then brought up at the Senate and a policy was then put in place almost immediately. Robert Smith was the University Vice Chancellor at the time. The office was assisted by the fact that the supervisor involved was Dorothy Ransom who was also a member of the Senate. 09:56 Harvey would also have to be on campus during the examination period including on Saturday if exams were scheduled. It was decided that exams should also be scheduled for Saturday afternoon once the evening exams were not running. This was taken up with the Guild. The rationale behind it was that by having exams on a Saturday you could schedule another exam on the Monday. 11:30 Harvey thinks that 3 hour examinations are a waste of time as the students lose focus after 1.5 hours. He would prefer to see 2 x 2 hour exams rather than 1 x 3 hour exam. 12:36 Academics have said that the exam paper could be drafted when the unit outline is put together at the start of the term. 13:27 There was nearly a disaster when one of the exam papers had the answers in hidden text on the cover page. The exam was taking place in the Undercroft but there were also some students taken the exam in the recreation centre. The exam papers had to be retrieved and reprinted. Harvey flew around the campus on his bicycle. The incident was reported in “Inside Cover” in the West Australian. It was a “one-off”. 16:19 Harvey’s attitude is that it has happened, let’s fix it. If nobody has been killed or injured then it isn’t the end of the world! 17:54 Cheating does take place in exams. Plagiarism certainly happens in assignments. How can you prove an assignment is all somebody’s own work? 19:12 Cheating does happen especially when students go out to the toilet. There was an incident in June this year when it was thought that students were visiting the toilet during an engineering exam to consult notes. 20:00 Most of the exam supervisors are females and they obviously cannot go into the male toilets. One young man was taking so long in the toilet that a male supervisor from another venue was asked to check out what was going on and sprung the student studying notes! The policy is that the notes are confiscated and the student is allowed to continue the exam but a report is put in by the examination supervisor. The report is given to the Examination Office and then forwarded to the Associate Dean in the relevant Faculty. 22:01 There is probably a case now that 3 supervisors are needed for every exam. People can then be walking the floor and one person can be escorted to the toilet. At present 60 invigilators are employed to supervise examinations. If this number is increased by 20, it will cost the university more money. Should fewer students be allocated per venue? Students can be moved to another seat if the supervisor thinks they are cheating by looking at their neighbour’s work. 25:19 Track 4 00:00 Often students are split into different venues upstairs and downstairs by alphabetical order. The can be thrown out completely if friends or boyfriends and girlfriends ignore this so that they can sit together. 00:54 There was a situation in the 1990s when an overseas male student sat an exam for a female student. 01:03 When the students come into the exam they fill out an information slip. They present their ID on the table. When the information slips are collected, these are checked off against the student ID card. The slips are sorted into alphabetical order. The slips are compared to the computer printout of the names of the students taking the exam. There is a Green form for absent students compared to the computer print-out. There is a Blue form for people not on the list. 02:32 In this case, the student left early and they could not be found on the list. The person who was supposed to be sitting the exam did not attend. The male sat the exam but a female was missing. 03:08 The girl who didn’t do this exam had 3 more exams but did not turn up. The guy who did the exam had 2 more exams but also did not turn up. 03:36 Harvey was unable to contact the girl or the guy at their registered place of residence. 03:54 A report was written so that the university was aware of what had happened. The International Student Centre was also informed. The Registrar was told and a comment was put on their academic records to the effect that they were not permitted to re-enrol at UWA until they met with the Registrar. 04:31 Staff told to take note if the academic records were requested. The academic record was sent out. The male student deleted the comment and photocopied the academic record so that the comment was not there and submitted it to the Australian High Commission in Singapore. When queried by the Australian High Commission, UWA sent the academic records for both students with the original comments to Singapore. 07:30 Interview 3 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:35 Track 2 00:00 Exam timetables were initially published on notice boards in the Reid Library, the Arts Building and one outside the Student Administration Office. 00:33 Exam results were published in the Undercroft on plastic white boards. The results were only for units that had been passed. 01:10 The results were published under student number and not under student name. 01:56 Sometimes a page or two might be stuck together and so a page of results might not be displayed! It was quite pain staking work putting up the results page by page. 02:39 In or around the late 1980s, the Guild asked them to stop publishing the results like this as hard copies of the results were mailed to the students. 04:15 In the late 1990s or early 2000 all timetables and results were placed online. There was a system where a student could type in their student number with a password and access their information. 05:40 Now Student Connect is very sophisticated and even informs the students as to which exam venue it is, where the venue is located and what time the exam is taking place. 06:12 There is a new system being developed to be even more informative for students regarding their undergraduate lectures and timetables. 06:59 The current system Australian universities use is called Callista. Nine Universities in Australia use it. If UWA wanted to change their system the cost factor would mean that they would need to get the other universities to use this new system as well. 07:30 Before they used Callista they had SRS that was developed within UWA with face to face meetings with the computer programmer Richard Styes. 08:35 The faculties and the academics also can access student information. Staff must to sign confidentiality agreements. There are various levels of access. There are also comments but derogatory comments cannot be placed on the student record due to issues with FOI. Managers can see more information. 11:19 Academics and administrators are encouraged to use Staff Connect. 11:52 TRIM is used by Central Records. There are no hard copy student files any more. Emails and other information can all be placed on this file. It is all by digital records. 13:21 There was a case where an ex student has attempted to get some records taken off his file or changed. As this is a contentious file it won’t be destroyed and is placed in the university archives. 14:51 The student can appeal to the Visitor – this is the top person in the university. 15:47 Track 3 00:00 1983 was when Harvey became involved in graduation on his return as assistant examinations officer. In April 2013 Vicki Pratt has assembled figures of how many graduations Harvey had seen. 01:19 All graduation ceremonies are held in the evening. In 2013 there were 11 or 12 graduation ceremonies in March and April and 5 in September. 01:46 In 1983, there were about 4 ceremonies in March/April but nothing in September. There was more demand for ceremonies in September. This also catered for the Doctor of Philosophy students who if they finished their degree in April had to wait until April the following year for their degree. 02:52 In the late 1990s they began accepting student enrolments in the middle of the year. 03:35 Other than graduating at ceremonies where the degree is conferred on the night. Curtin confers their degrees earlier and has the ceremony later. UWA degrees can be conferred in absentia at the monthly Senate meetings. 05:39 There is a story in the late 70s that there was a graduation during PROSH and there was some high jinx when they switched on the speakers. Harvey did not experience this so it is just hearsay. 06:25 The storm hit UWA at about 3pm on Monday 22 March 2010. . It caused a great deal of damage to the student admin building, to trees on campus, motor vehicles and to windows in Winthrop Hall and other buildings. 09:41 An emergency meeting was held at 5pm and it was agreed that the ceremony could not go ahead in Winthrop Hall. The plan was to split the ceremonies and have half in the Octagon Theatre and half in the University Club. 11:17 All the staff cars apart from Harvey’s had storm damage as he had parked under cover. 12:01 Harvey got to work at 6am the next day and received a call Robyn Wilson who suggested the Recreation Centre. The Rec Centre was going to hold the Australian Judo Championships but Rick Wolters who was the Deputy Director agreed to move the event to Challenge Stadium. He also organised to put down carpet squares to stop the floors from getting marked. John Stubbs met with the Registrar and the change of venue was agreed. 15:36 Mike Fish from Perth Party Hire agreed to supply 1300 chairs at short notice. Simon Chapman from the workshops also supplied 1300 chairs. They had to replicate Winthrop Hall and mark all the seats in theatre style with the relevant ticket numbers. All the other academics apart from the VIPs had to sit upstairs. 18:06 Staff had to prepare labels for the chairs and inform people ringing up about the change of venue. They put out a press release that was picked up by a radio station to inform people the ceremony was still on but with a change of venue. It was impossible to cancel the event. 19:08 There was lots of hard work and last minute work. The area outside the recreation centre and the Octagon was tidied up from the storm damage for the after ceremony party. Luckily the Undercroft was not damaged so people could still go there and get photos taken. Hackett Hall was cleared of people to get everything cleared up and cleaned up. Preparation were finalised by 6.15pm and the ceremony took place at 7.45pm which was only 15 minutes late. 21:38 Track 4 00:00 Because the graduation is so well planned and structured, it can be moved to another venue. Ditto for the examinations. 02:36 At the beginning of October applications for degree are sent to the student. Every year students have to re-enrol and state when they anticipate completing their degree. 04:01 Posters are put up indicating when applications for graduation are closing alerting students to go to Student Administration if they have not received this form. 04:30 Academic records are sent to the Faculty’s and they indicate whether the student will complete or not. 05:16 At the end of the year once the results are uploaded on or about the first week in December, an expected completed register is compiled. This goes to the Faculty and then comes back when it has been approved for processing. 05:48 Some people will have failed one or two units but have also have been expected to complete. Results are out by about 3 December and released to the students on 16 December. They view their results on Student Connect. 06:46 There are also late applications (these are charged a fee). There is a cut-off date in January the next year. From there the Graduation Officer has to configure the ceremonies. There are also PhD students to consider. There may be 3,500 students to process and they work out how many from Arts, Science, Medicine, Law etc. They sort them into groups and set the date. 08:30 Winthrop Hall can hold about 890 on the bottom floor. Each graduate gets two tickets. This is signed off by John Stubbs and Peter Curtis who decide how many ceremonies take place. 09:44 These dates have already been set. There are set 3 years in advance. The academic year is also set 3 years in advance. The students are then aware of the rough date for graduation i.e. between 15 March and 12 April. 11:45 Arts sometimes had to be held over two nights as there are so many graduates. 12:14 In the early 90s, then Chancellor Fay Gale attended an ECU graduation ceremony at the Perth Concert Hall and was convinced of the superiority of holding UWA graduation ceremonies at Winthrop. 12:47 There was an idea once (late 80s) to follow the American idea of holding all the graduations together in the one ceremony. They went through the logistics of this and it was realised that it is not possible to hold a graduation ceremony for 1500 at UWA. 14:10 Overseas students particularly enjoy bringing their families to Winthrop Hall. UWA have an official photographer at the Undercroft and people can also take their own photos. 15:00 PhD students are given priority for extra tickets if they are available. 15:47 The graduates are given information on appropriate dress code. 16:10 Track 5 00:00 One of the academics objected to one of the graduates having her midriff showing. People have to use their own common sense. 00:43 The ceremony starts at .30pm Students have to attend from 6.15pm to check in and have a demonstration by the Graduation Officer of what they are required to do. The guests come in at 6.30pm. The graduation starts at 7.30pm with a procession coming in with the organ playing. The National Anthem is played and there are speeches. The degrees are conferred. 01:46 The ceremony finishes about 9pm. Eats and drinks are supplied on Whitfield Court. The area is now roped off and there is security as there used to be gate crashers 03:22 Audio Files Links to audio files <a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/e7600fdfaacebc6a043b81eaf5e2f323.mp3">Von_Bergheim, Interview 1, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/d2945e10ada945ad9aff84c0a821872c.mp3">Von_Bergheim, Interview 1, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/3f8b7ff831c94924be70166181d15020.mp3">Von_Bergheim, Interview 1, Track 3</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/bbbd55dc1ddf1f9259283ae23cedec79.mp3">Von_Bergheim, Interview 1, Track 4</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/da1bcf7e13a0f936db4dfe5db0a0b52e.mp3">Von_Bergheim, Interview 1, Track 5</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/aa07b16dc876f7fbb80ca4ad5a468c2b.mp3">Von_Bergheim, Interview 2, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/bfb2735ec61002c97911a1303f0e890a.mp3">Von_Bergheim, Interview 2, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/16afe4b9e8051c1a76985ba91de51dbc.mp3">Von_Bergheim, Interview 2, Track 3</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/40600b9e368eec9a5f32c30d406fc81b.mp3">Von_Bergheim, Interview 2, Track 4</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/92142a8b6a0dacf348d9b70a43c8dffd.mp3">Von_Bergheim, Interview 3, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/8e28fe14f72f22d090134d5178c2898d.mp3">Von_Bergheim, Interview 3, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/6e13fb1b243efff4e9df2383abf9f7bf.mp3">Von_Bergheim, Interview 3, Track 3</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/7ac9c13e5de5abccadad8247610e8088.mp3">Von_Bergheim, Interview 3, Track 4</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/96fb5cac78ca6dbec259644ec3dd8a5c.mp3">Von_Bergheim, Interview 3, Track 5</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Harvey von Bergheim interview, 17 October 2013, 24 October 2013 and 31 October 2013 Subject The topic of the resource Student Administration Description An account of the resource Harvey von Bergheim was born in Colombo, Sri Lanka and moved to Perth with his family in 1966. His first position in Administration at the University of Western Australia was as a clerk in the Registrar’s Office in 1969. From 1970-1979 Mr von Bergheim continued to work in the Registrar’s Office as a Statistics Clerk. In 1980 he took a job as a Media Control Clerk at the Tertiary Institution Service. In 1983 Mr von Bergheim returned to the University of Western Australia and worked as an Assistant Examinations Officer, which involved creating the examination timetables as well as assisting with graduations. More recently he has worked as the Manager of Student Administration and the Associate Director of Student Services. He retired from the University of Western Australia on 31 December 2013 after 44 years of service. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource von Bergheim, Harvey Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright holder University of Western Australia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 files Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UWA ORAL HISTORIES Description An account of the resource A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank">UWA Historical Society</a> to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. <br />The UWA Historical Society’s <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank">Oral History Program</a> started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Western Australia Historical Society Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Julia Wallis Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed John Wager Location The location of the interview Room G48, Arts Building, UWA Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) Interview 1: 48 minutes, 43 seconds Interview 2: 1 hour, 45 seconds Interview 3: 25 minutes, 18 seconds Total: 2 hours, 14 minutes, 46 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 128 kbs Time Summary A summary of an interview given for different time stamps throughout the interview Interview 1 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:38 Track 2 00:00 Born 20 June 1932 in Subiaco. Father had been born in Singapore. Grandfather worked as company secretary for Wearne Brothers, Singapore. His mother’s father was from the Isle of Man. Attended Subiaco school until 1942. Then moved to the farm at Koorda in the wheat belt. Schooled in a one room school in Koorda. He moved to live with his maternal grandmothers in South Cottesloe in 1943. He caught the steam train from Mosman Park to Subiaco. Subiaco centre was industrial with warehouses and shunting sheds. He spent time as a child watching the locomotives shunting. The loco drivers used to let him ride on the footplate. 06:41 He won a scholarship to Perth Modern School as did his brother and sister. It was a co-ed school but the girls and boys were segregated. Most of the other children were from local schools as there were no boarding facilities. He matriculated in 1949 and always wanted to be an engineer. By 1948, they were back in the family home in West Subiaco. He rode his bicycle on weekends to Perth airport in Maylands. He was very interested in aircraft engines and design. He was awarded an exhibition for entry to UWA. 11:25 UWA was centred at Winthrop Hall. There was no Reid Library. The engineering faculty was located at Shenton House which made them independent of the rest of the campus. George Munns was the gardener and he used a horse and cart. The Engineering School had a handful of retired war veterans as students. Their experience encouraged John to travel. Two of them commuted by dingy from Como across the river. 15:17 The engineering degree was 5 years. The fourth year contained practical experience in industry. From September 1952 to March 1953 John worked with Commonwealth Aircraft at Fisherman’s Bend in Melbourne. CAC was building jet engines. The bulk of students were in Civil Engineering and they worked at the Public Works Department or the Water Board. In John’s final year there were only 5 studying mechanical engineering. 20:03 At that time there was no Professorial Head of School. Ray Minchin and Gordon Lutz were the teachers. They had practical experience in industry. The first year was a general year when students studies civil, electrical and mechanical engineering. Civil engineering was more popular perhaps because it seemed more relevant. There were a lot of State cadetships. The engineering students were quite separate from the rest of the campus. There was great rivalry between the engineering students and the law students. They used to have a tug of war. John recalled the 1950 graduation ceremony where Sir James Mitchell was asked to be the speaker. A student dressed up as him and came on and did a ‘speech’ before the official speaker arrived. 29:09 There were sporting competitions such as the Goyder Cup. There was an Engineers Ball every year. One year the ball was open to the public. There was a mock bull fight in St George’s Terrace put on by 3 engineering students. They also took part in PROSH. 31:41 The lectures took place in Shenton House. The laboratories were buildings over from the Second World War. They contained boilers and steam engines. John was very happy with the course. He particularly enjoyed the practical experience in industry. In 1953 to 1954 he did a second stint in industry where he was a machine shop inspector at Chamberlain Industries. A superintendent there called Bert Webster really took John under his wing and increased his interest in gears and gear levers. This led to his topic for his Honours dissertation where he obtained First Class Honours. He chose to study the stress between one gear tooth and the other gear tooth using photoelasticity . 39:27 Although John’s Hon ours dissertation had very slight practical application he stayed interested in measurement and gauging. This had application later on when he did his Masters. By the 1960s, pneumatic gauging was quite widely used. Today air gauging is a thing of the past and measurement is done electronically. 43:17 The Second World War had an impact on Perth and industry. Chamberlain’s in Welshpool used to be the munitions factory. There were the State Implement Works and Midland Junction Railway Workshops were building marine engines. There was plenty of opportunity to work in industry in WA but John wanted to go overseas and applied for a graduate apprenticeship at the English Electric Company in Preston, Lancashire. Due to the difference in university terms between Australia and England he spent some time working at the Ford Motor Factory in North Fremantle which later became a brewery at the beginning of 1955. While working here an engine crushed the big toe on his right foot. As a result of this, he came very passionate about industrial safety and introduced this subject when he was lecturing. 48:05 Interview 2 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:46 Track 2 00:00 In 1955, John was a graduate apprentice at the English Electric Company in Preston which designed diesel electric locomotives that were exported all over the world. Most of the manufacturing in WA was on a very small scale. English Electric’s Deltic engine was very efficient and very effective. The railway locomotive plant was in one building and the aircraft building was across a cobbled street. EEC paid for John to travel there by ship. They had factories all over the UK. In the 1950s EEC was the place to be to experience design and construction. 05:48 Towards the tail end of his apprenticeship there John saw the UWA lecturer position advertised on the notice board. He felt that he could use his experience in industry to assist UWA students to learn and understand about the practical use of mechanical engineering. The Ford factory experience led to him incorporating industrial safety into the final year of the course. English Electric had a good safety record. 09:56 Back in Perth John was offered a University house for rent south of the campus for 6 months until they bought a house in Daglish. The Engineering Faculty was still small although student numbers had increased enough to warrant another lecturer position. John taught the methods of conventional manufacture with lectures and hands on experience in the labs. John enjoyed the freedom of being a university lecturer. He took the students out to visit factories and plants. Civil engineering students were still going into the State cadetship schemes. Mechanical engineering graduates tended to go to the eastern states. John experience at English Electric enabled him to teach elements of engineering design and the difference between function and manufacture. 15:43 In academia there were specific topics and lectures but the choice of research was quite free. In 1959, John acquired a Master of Engineering Science at UWA by studying air gauging. To stay in academia and retain freedom of choice in research topics it became obvious he needed a PhD. He was granted study leave and applied was awarded a US Fulbright Scholarship which enabled him to study for his PhD (1964-1967) at Purdue University, Indiana, USA. His topic was the useful life of the machine cutting tool. This proved to be a useful component in the harnessing of computers and machine tools. 21:08 In last ten years of his time at UWA he was able to establish a Computer Aided Design and Manufacturing Laboratory. Students now designed on a computer rather than a drawing board. John’s Honour thesis of stressing in gears, his Masters in pneumatic gauging and then his PhD topic studying the life of machine tools all had practical application in industry at the time. 23:22 In 1977, in view of his industry interest and research, John was invited to join CIRP (College International pour la Recherche en Productique), the International Institution for Production Engineering Research, based in Paris. You had to be invited by at least one international member of that group. At the time there were only two other members in Australia – both in the eastern states. To remain an active member you or your research group had to contribute a paper every second or third year, accepted by an international jury of CIRP. John’s projects were not earth shattering but fitted quite neatly into the programmes of the other members of CIRP. For example, John’s team looked at precision grinding. A legacy of the munitions factory being located at Welshpool in WW2 meant that there was a Metrology Laboratory in the School of Engineering. John feels that these research projects were of benefit to UWA. 29:00 Later on Professor Ben Downes came out from England to be the Professor of the School of Engineering. A PhD was necessary to graduate through the ranks. John went from Senior Lecturer to Associate Professor however he was more concerned about undertaking research and forging overseas contacts in order to acquire and share knowledge that would benefit the students. A key one was the Cambridge ACDMM (Advanced Course in Design, Manufacturing and Management). CIRP involved research papers and attending international conferences. They had discipline specific groups at these conferences where wide ranging discussions took place. Quite often these conferences took place during university vacations. The Cambridge ACDMM was a full year programme which meant that he needed study leave to take part. UWA generously granted him study leave of 6-12 months on six occasions in order to take part in this programme. John found out about this on an earlier sabbatical where he was working for an aircraft orientated company in Bedford, England. 34:05 John’s first stint with ACDMM was in 1985/1986. Graduate students with a strong interest in manufacturing could apply to take part in these industry projects. There were lectures but the main part of the project was a practical component in industry solving a problem and writing a report. There would be 9 projects during that year in a specific geographic area. ACDMM had been in existence since c 1963 and ran projects each year. It was a win-win situation for all concerned. 39:40 In 1993, Cambridge accepted John for another 12 month period but told him they wanted him to find the 9 projects in the Darvel Valley in Scotland. One of these projects was with Vesuvius (UK) Ltd at Newmilns who sourced their raw materials from Capel, WA. The original lace making industry originated here also. John‘s project involved using computer generated machining. John had discovered his family origins in the Isle of Man and suggested an industrial project there. Martin-Baker Aircraft Co. Ltd provided 2 projects. 52:46 John was learning a lot. Back home, it made the UWA course more relevant. John devised a ‘Humans in Industry’ course in the final year with IFAP. 59:49 Interview 3 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:30 Track 2 00:00 On a study leave in 1974, John taught at Witwatersrand University in Johannesburg. Apartheid was at its peak. As an adjunct to this course he taught a 1 week graduate course in Lourenço Marques (now Maputo), Mozambique during the War of Independence as the guerrilla forces of the Mozambique Liberation Front or FRELIMO (Frente de Libertação de Moçambique) made their way to the capital. During a term vacation in 1977, he taught in Seoul, South Korea. In 1988, he lectured at Hunan University, Changsha in China. The tensions in China eventually led to the Tiananmen Square Massacre in 1989. In 1990, John attended a CIRP conference in Berlin when the wall came down. John retired from UWA in 1997. In 1998 he was engaged for a 12 month education project in Indonesia. He witnessed protests against President Suharto who resigned on 21 May 1998. 03:13 When John joined UWA in 1957 only the automobile industry was left operating in Australia. Korea was becoming a major power in manufacturing and also Japan and China. One of John’s PhD students was from Hunan and the invitation to teach in China came through him. John’s elder daughter was the second female student in Engineering, the first female recipient of a Clough postgraduate scholarship and is now CEO of the Water Corporation. 07:23 UWA was very generous in granting study leave every 7 years. John is also grateful for the Fulbright Scholarship that enabled him to study for his PhD in the USA (1964-1967). John’s experiences were shared with his students on his return. He was able to create new units or part units. First Years were presented with a series of lectures on Conventional Manufacturing Metallic Materials (casting, forging and machining). Senior students were given lectures and practical sessions on Unconventional Machining Methods. The senior students were assisted to design and build an EDM machine. 13:27 John established the CAD (computer aided designed) laboratory. Computer-aided design took over from drafting. It was now possible to design in 3D. Later John obtained finance to covert the CAD laboratory to a CAD CAM laboratory and obtained a computer operated lathe and a milling machine. John introduced a subject in overall manufacturing and method study. He also ran units on design for manufacture. He taught work measurement for quantity production and introduced a lecture series on Operations Research and Linear programming He developed and delivered courses on Statistical Quality Control. The final year included a unit on Humans in Industry. He also introduced lectures on verbal communication, report writing and body language. 21:47 John is grateful for the opportunities he received over his 40 years with UWA. He believes the School of Engineering at UWA stood up well in comparison with other universities in Australia and overseas. UWA is quite different today. When he turned 80, the Dean of Engineering invited John and his family back for a lunch at University House. 24:48 Audio Files Links to audio files <a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/ac41052706aecb7ed60c537e1e1020a5.mp3">Wager, Interview 1, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/d531f8c548f7c97d5c8149e7884789af.mp3">Wager, Interview 1, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/a9ba9d44901ccbc0b50a74b1ce58a42e.mp3">Wager, Interview 2, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/87422a2e9cd279acf829b577a8dce4c0.mp3">Wager, Interview 2, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/b87f967f7fbf013494c6ceab81f32ad0.mp3">Wager, Interview 3, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/947044551447b82d78da80f1316f250e.mp3">Wager, Interview 3, Track 2</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource John Wager interview, 24 June 2014, 1 July 2014 and 8 July 2014 Subject The topic of the resource Engineering Description An account of the resource Fifty years ago, the UWA engineering degree was a five-year programme. It included the equivalent of a full year of practical experience in industry, which enabled John to gain valuable experience in aircraft engine assembly with the Commonwealth Aircraft Corporation in Melbourne, and precision measurement as a machine-shop inspector with the Chamberlain tractor factory in WA. After graduation with honours in Mechanical Engineering, he undertook a two-year graduate apprenticeship with the English Electric company, in Lancashire, England. He was then appointed lecturer with the UWA Department of Mechanical Engineering, Later becoming an associate professor. At UWA he followed his interests in precision measurement in manufacturing, gaining a Master of Engineering Science degree which led to his being invited to serve, during a university vocation, as a UN consultant in the development of metrology and fine instruments in Seoul, South Korea. John was later awarded a Fulbright Scholarship, enabling him to complete a PhD at Purdue University in the US. His PhD topic related both to precision measurement and the computer controlled machine tools then becoming wildly used in world industry. This resulted in his being elected one of the few Australian members of CIRP, a world-wide manufacturing research body, based in Paris. John retired from UWA in 1997, but was then invited to serve as a consultant on a major engineering education project in Indonesia. He has been a member of the Institution of Engineers, Australia for over fifty years, and has held a number of posts, including Chairman of the WA Division, Chairman of the National College of Mechanical Engineers and National Vice-President, responsible for Education and Assessment. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Wager, John Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright holder University of Western Australia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 files Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UWA ORAL HISTORIES Description An account of the resource A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank">UWA Historical Society</a> to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. <br />The UWA Historical Society’s <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank">Oral History Program</a> started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Western Australia Historical Society Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview John Bannister Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Robin Warren Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) Interview 1: 53 minutes, 39 minutes Interview 2: 54 minutes, 54 seconds Total: 1 hour, 48 minutes, 33 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 128 kbs Time Summary A summary of an interview given for different time stamps throughout the interview Interview 1 00:00:00 John Robin Warren 1937. Early information background. Father 1840 mother 1836 to Adelaide. Robins early recollections. Inspiration and history of medical involvement. Engrossed in reading. Background, inspiration 00:05:02 Oxford junior encyclopaedia. Interest in astronomy. Hobby of photography. Box brownie developing own films. Enjoying looking through microscopes. Health as a teenager. Reading, health 00:09:35 Parents encourage study. Coming to be interested in an academic career. Education encouraged with commonwealth scholarships. Thoughts of studying medicine. Fascinated in medical history. Study, medicine 00:13:17 Original medical discoveries made. Loving going to university. Serious student enjoying reading. Difficult to do the things that you have to do. First year at university was an extension of high school. Matriculation. University, matriculation 00:17:16 Western Australians come to Adelaide to study. Memories of university. University has expanded and more discoveries. Expensive medical study and expensive technology. Technologies help advancements in career. Career, technologies, university 00:20:25 Interested in working PNG. Robin Cooke was the pathologist at the time. Department of Foreign Affairs takes a long time to make things happen. Memories of ten Seldam and Doug Hicks talking at Royal Melbourne hospital. Plans of coming to Perth. Nobody argues with Rolf [ten Seldam]. Rolf ten Seldam, Perth 00:23:57 The reputation of UWA and Royal Perth hospital. Melbourne location and connections to the world. Isolation. People in Perth had their own little thing. Royal Perth Hospital and QE2 Hospital were not connected. Talking to people at the university. UWA, Pathology, Royal Perth Hospital 00:27:15 Memories of the medical school. University of Melbourne compared to UWA. Research pathology. A clinical pathology. Interest in Histopathology. Interest in haematology. Haematology, pathology, UWA 00:31:35 Peth and general pathology. Areas of histopathology. Interest in Gastro pathology. Difficult to study. Endoscopy and surgical specimens. The flexible endoscope. Whitehead describes the histology of the stomach. Histopathology, gastro pathology, flexible endoscope 00:36:45 Discovery of the helicobacter. Fact that bacteria didn’t grow in the stomach. Description of bacteria growth in a layer of stomach mucus. Looking at connection to gastric ulcer and duodenal ulcers. Duodenal ulcers, helicobacter 00:40:50 Looking at the blue line. Other colleagues could not see bacteria. Microbiology an seeing bacteria in the tissue. Staining bacteria to observe them. Organisms stained with silver and acid fast stains. Bacilli otherwise invisible. Bacilli, microbiology, bacteria 00:45:07 No one believes that bacteria exists. Just something different. Looking for bacteria finding them easily. Spiral shapes bacteria. Growing in palisades. 30% - 40% of biopsies have bacteria. Stumbling across the bacteria. Interest in photography helps. Bacteria 00:51:44 Taking a picture and discovery. Interest in photography and Microbiology - Everything comes together at that time. discovery 00:53:39 Interview 2 00:00:00 meeting Barry Marshall. First professional who was interested in work. Barry wasn’t particularly interested. Looking at normal gastric mucosa. Biopsies from the gastric antrum. Showing the changes in information. Barry Mashall 00:04:30 Barry becomes very interested in discoveries. Cause of ulcer. No one believes robin warren. Studies undertaken in 1982. 100 Patients are biopsied. Symptoms of gastric problems. Symptoms related to ulcers. Symptoms, ulcer, studies 00:0:7:30 Patients have biopsies. Clinical findings for duodenal ulcers. Bacteria closely related to Duodenal Ulcers. Gastric infection and d ulcers. The result and response to ulcers. Front page of the New York Times and spread of the theory. Bacteria, gastric infection, New York Times 00:11:23 Barry Marshall come up with idea for treatment. General public and acid inhibiters. Treatment for ulcers. Specialist protect their theories. Specialist in the royal hospital oppose ideas. GPs are interest. Recognition. Treatment of the ulcer and infection. Barry Marshall, recognition, treatment 00:15:16 Opposition and disbelief. The rest of the world and ultimate ratification of Robin Warren and Barry Marshall findings. Research work in America. People don’t believe findings from WA. Disbelief, research work 00:18:28 Barry Marshall drinks bacteria. 90% of people are infected by HP. Organisms and out of balance. Comparison to the bubonic plague. Polio virus and spectrum of changes with any virus. A chronic infection and ulcers. Barry Marshall, virus, chronic infection 00:23:18 Being infected and treatment with antibiotics. Barry Marshall drinks a huge does of bacteria. Nasty active virus results. The response to the experiment. Barry Marshall 00:26:27 Recognition result slowly from the beginning. A hit at Brussels conference in 1983. Trouble with publishing papers in The Lancet. Getting peer reviews. Not having any peers at the time. Campylo *and Vibrio* bacteria. Getting letters and papers published. Two paradigm shifts in the paper. Bacteria are causing ulcers. Campylo Bacteria, ulcers, publications 00:31:40 The most published paper in the world. Trying to prove findings wrong. Correct cure for ulcers is to cure helicobacter. Goodwin, Surveyor and Morris*. Memories of Goodwin and the new type of bacteria. Ivor Surveyor, Barry Mashall and radio isotopes. Goodwin, Surveyor, Morris*, Barry Mashall , radio isotopes 00:35:14 Beginning of the breath test. Memories of Morris and a mild gastritis. Koch postulate and findings of a brilliant microbiologist. Koch Postulates. Isolated bacteria and cause of disease. Koch Postulates, breath test 00:39:10 Successful treatment of ulcer. Speaking invitations and world travel. Nobel Prize winners are in demand. 1994 Foundation prize for Harvard medical school* and other awards received. Best gifts. Awards, Foundation prize Harvard Medical School 00:44:00 Memories of the build up to Nobel Prize. Guest speaker in the late 90s. Taking time off and retirement. Barry has kept on going. Nobel Prize, Barry Marshall 00:45:45 Memories of the Nobel Prize in 2005. Having dinner on the night of the nomination. Having an idea that the Nobel Prize was on the cards. Success of treatment of gastric and duodenal ulcers. Occasional surgical experiments. Duodenal ulcers, treatment, experiments 00:49:43 A telephone call while having dinner at the old swan brewery. Thing go crazy and not possible to have dinner. Leaning on a fence that isn’t a fence. Memories of the award ceremony. 00:54:54 Audio Files Links to audio files <a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/5fccce2b7de92280fed444024fd955ba.mp3">Warren, Interview 1, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/9cbf63b892b054fc4baa06b1e7368fd1.mp3">Warren, Interview 2, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/d25c62ad825b9da6d3daef9261444db5.mp3">Warren, Interview 2, Track 2</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Robin Warren interview, 2 July 2014 and 8 July 2014 Subject The topic of the resource Medicine Description An account of the resource Robin Warren was born in 1937, Adelaide, South Australia. He matriculated in 1954, gaining a Common-wealth scholarship and obtaining entry to the Medical School of the Adelaide University in 1955. Following university he became Registrar in Pathology for training in morbid anatomy and histopathology. He hoped to obtain a position as pathologist at Port Moresby before being posted to Perth WA in 1968 by Professor Rolf ten Seldam, the Professor of Pathology at the University of Western Australia and the Royal Perth Hospital. During the 1970’s he developed an interest in the new gastric biopsies that were becoming frequent. In 1979, on his 42nd birthday, he noticed bacteria growing on the surface of a gastric biopsy. From then on, Robin spent much of his spare time centred on the study of these bacteria. Over the next two years, he collected numerous examples and showed that they were usually related to chronic gastritis. With Barry Marshall he would develop a theory and prove that the bacteria, Helicobacter pylori, caused stomach ulcers. He also helped developed a breath test for detecting H. pylori in ulcer patients Their findings were met largely with disbelief. But after initial publications in 1983–1984, a wealth of further studies appeared, most of them apparently just repeating their work, with similar results. Still most support for their work came from patients and GPs dealing with gastric and duodenal ulcers. Gradually their work gained world wide acceptance and resulted in both Robin Warren and Barry Marshall being awarded a Nobel Prize in 2005. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Warren, Robin Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright holder University of Western Australia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 files Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UWA ORAL HISTORIES Description An account of the resource A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank">UWA Historical Society</a> to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. <br />The UWA Historical Society’s <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank">Oral History Program</a> started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Western Australia Historical Society Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview John Bannister Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed John White Location The location of the interview Bunbury, W.A. Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) Interview 1: 56 minutes, 30 seconds Interview 2: 34 minutes, 4 seconds Interview 3: 21 minutes, 39 seconds Total: 1 hour, 52 minutes, 13 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 128 kbs Time Summary A summary of an interview given for different time stamps throughout the interview Track 1 00:00:00 Introduction. Background information. Medical family. Background back to 1829 settlement of W.A. Daniel Scott’s daughters. Dr Elliot from Tasmania. Childhood and interest in architecture. Grew up in Fremantle. Playing around the old buildings during the depression. Architecture of the port city. Heritage and history. Grandfather’s house and history. Education and becoming an architect. War time schooling and reserve teachers. Christchurch and Hale schools. Sport. War. Officers from the Sydney dine at the family home. 00:11:24 Father’s connection with the military. House requisition and move to Peppermint Grove. How architecture came into view. Liking drawings. Charlie Hamilton the art critic. Athol Hobbs directs White to Perth Technical College. UWA on the horizon. Thoughts of going to sea. Experience as a cabin boy. Stumbling into architecture. 00:17:16 Memories of the Perth Technical college. Athol Hobbs senior architect and involved in the course. Could not do a university degree in architecture or medicine in Perth. Good practical course and Gus Ferguson was a graduate. Designing buildings as a student. Apprenticeship or articles. Board of Architectural Registration. Architect act and annual examinations. Lecturing in Board of Architecture subjects, especially in design. 00:22:50 Move to Curtin/WAIT. University panache and degree. Changes and competition. Moving over to the competition. Development of career. Designing while learning. Drafting a presentation and learning drawing. Draftsmen, drawing, design, high level of drafting. Learning the art of design in post-war Perth. Art deco and modernism. Standard and metric measurement. New idiom. 00:28:12 The growing industry of architecture in the 50s. Harold Krantz. Building industry restraints after the war. A lot of regulation. Competition with the building industry. Establishing own business in Fremantle. Experience of travel to Europe. Building house for parents. Darlington house breaks the rules. 00:33:50 Ethos of modernism. Process of building modern house in Perth. Budget. Innovation and development in passive solar design. Full time teaching in design. Memories of Perth Technical College and specialised subjects. Geoffrey London. Problems at Perth Technical College. Close student and staff connections. 00:40:32 Development of career as lecturer. The development of the course at UWA. Teaching design. Changing ways of thinking to fit into UWA. Different disciplines and teaching. Architects being taught to teach or to learn the subject. Good staff student ratio. Good contact with staff and students. Studio a time-consuming part of the course. 00:40:44 Becoming lecturer in 1968. The reputation of the UWA and the course. New course starts in 1966. Involved in the new buildings at WAIT. Joining the staff of WAIT. Offered a post at UWA. UWA course had been set up as a strange one. Main staff come from New Zealand. Professor Gordon Stephenson establishes the course. Memories of Gordon – makes sure he gets the first chair. Town planner. Redesigns the UWA campus. 00:48:30 Forms the staff getting involved in the course. Becoming acting head. Important teachers. Roger Johnson, Peter Middleton, Harold Marshall and acoustic research and interest in computing. Designing computer programs. Development of computing early on. Drawing on to screen. Harold Marshall research was not well-regarded. Promotion and loss of academics. 00:52:30 Development of the course 1965. Prescott and the Bachelor of Architecture. Wary of the new course. School of architecture move to Murdoch. Moving over to the opposition. Traditional course was set up. Changes in technique. Connection with course at WAIT and UWA. Women in the course. Some of the best architects are women and graduates of UWA. Track 2 00:00:00 Gordon Stephenson’s idea for UWA. System of aesthetics and criteria and the avant-garde. Constraints by binding system and scale. Design of fine buildings. Traffic in the campus. The ring road system. Maintaining a landscape. Stevenson part of the commissioning team. Comparisons of the building designs at WAIT. Public works Department loses the contracts. Memories of Gus Ferguson, Tony Solaski* and Tony Brand. Gus Ferguson strong views on architectural design. The direct ear of Gordon Stephenson. Architects and ego. 00:06:58 Interaction with WAIT and UWA. Trying to maintain connections and difficulties experienced. Education committee in competition. Do you need two schools of architecture in Perth? The developments from the 1960s. School at UWA would be more academically based. Encouraging builders to work with students. Inspiration for the UWA School of Architecture. Reaction against too much design teaching. Redirection of the course. The basic theory could graduate with two degrees. Three year and 5 year degrees. 00:12:10 First and second degree. Diploma and Masters. Broad education in social sciences and design. Outline of the planned course for the first two years. Gordon Stephenson. Institute of Architecture. Hijacked by people Gordon Stephenson brings in. Professorial Board debate and Professor Appleyard. Harold Marshall. Selwyn Grave philosopher. People leave the university when Gordon Stephenson leaves without a successor. White left to hold the baby. 00:16:00 Teaching anthropological study of the Trobriand Islands. Staff muddle through to sort the course out. Professor to succeed Gordon Stephenson. Robert Street steps in to resolve problems. Development of the new building. Attracting Commonwealth funding. Location of the new building decided. Laurence Wilson Art Gallery. Gus Ferguson. Losing the building to computer sciences. Isolation of architecture. Nedlands and Perth City council boundary issues. 00:21:15 Isolation of the school. Quality of students fluctuates over a five year period. Len Buckeridge, Brian Klopper stand out. The Asian students and interest from Malaysian Government. Fees and political direction of University. Attracting women into the course. 00:26:00 People brought in from outside the university. Peter Brickell. Interaction with other departments. Geography Martyn Webb and architecture. Degree changes to the course. Technological advances. Importance of computing and acoustics. Harold Marshall, Derek Carruthers physicist, Geoffrey Roy engineer. Students at the ground floor of computing. Comparing to United States. Poorly-resourced university. Position of UWA and Curtin and Murdoch. Prestigious position and competition. 00:33:30 Psychology of design. Variable views. Psychology and visualising design. Track 3 00:00:00 Leaving University 1988 and career post university. Fighting a developer. Moving to Gingin. Sole architect in small country town. Maintaining ties with UWA. Western towns and buildings book. Getting students involved in projects. Sandy cape developments. Geoffrey London, Simon Anderson and a team of students survey indigenous architecture. Keeping a distant relationship with the University. Townscape studies. Colin Moore. Living in Bunbury. 00:05:13 Involved in heritage work at York. Les Lauder and the Fremantle Society. Development and destruction of Victorian buildings in Fremantle. Resources to restore buildings. Restoration with Ian Hocking in Gingin. 00:09:36 The impression of University of WA. Suburban campus vs. city Technical College. Mixed feeling about suburban campuses. Melbourne example. Academic studies. Views of the modern buildings at UWA. Ambient environment and mediocre architecture. Learning the rule first in classical architecture. Stereotyped Gus Ferguson type design. New staff building like Mussolini’s Roman Empire. Stephenson’s thoughts and the Business School. Control over things that would be built at the university. Computerised visioning of building. Architects satisfaction with the building process. 00:16:20 Rights of an architect. Builders don’t like working for architects. Buildings affecting and creating a place. Thoughts of the buildings at university. Exhibition space at the school. Lawrence Wilson Gallery. Low density of the Nedlands campus. Looking back at time at UWA. Frustration. Full support at the university. Geoffrey London and establishing current school. Enjoying experiences. Not a born administrator. 00:21:36 Audio Files Links to audio files <a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/c8b0a411ecadae6c87f855d669bab554.mp3">White, Interview 1, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/d6770a1ffb49f6e73cc3e4e96cc4905d.mp3">White, Interview 1, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/1aff933bf79db4735ed34dc492d51a43.mp3">White, Interview 1, Track 3</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource John White interview, 14 December 2012 Subject The topic of the resource Architecture Description An account of the resource Architect John White was born in Wickepin in Western Australia. He talks of his path to becoming an architect and how he studied the subject at Perth Technical College post war before starting his own business in Fremantle. He would become a teacher in the subject at Perth Technical College and at the University of Western Australia. During the interview he talks of coming to lecture at UWA from 1968 in what was the fledgling architectural course. White became a senior lecturer at the School of Architecture from 1973. He was Head of Department from 1980-86. He has been involved in research into the history of architecture in Western Australia. White was important in the development and building of houses using new practices sympathetic to climate and spatial location. He adopted designs incorporating indoor/outdoor designs commonly seen in houses today. He speaks at length of his developing career and involvement at the University and the changing face of the course in light of the established architectural course at Curtin University. He speaks of how he sees the University and the current school of architecture in the local and international climate. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource White, John Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright holder University of Western Australia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 files Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UWA ORAL HISTORIES Description An account of the resource A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank">UWA Historical Society</a> to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. <br />The UWA Historical Society’s <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank">Oral History Program</a> started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Western Australia Historical Society Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Julia Wallis Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Daryl Williams Location The location of the interview Perth, W.A. Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) Interview 1: 1 hour, 11 minutes, 5 seconds Interview 2: 57 minutes and 52 seconds Interview 3: 49 minutes, 19 seconds Total: 2 hours, 58 minutes, 16 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 128 kbs Time Summary A summary of an interview given for different time stamps throughout the interview Interview 1 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:41 Daryl Robert Williams. Born 21 August 1942. Educated at Richmond State School, East Fremantle. (1948-1954). Learnt the piano from the age of 5-20. Walked to school often barefoot. Many waterside workers lived in the area and there were few children at school on the day of the Lumpers’ Picnic. Enjoyed school and sport. Very keen at mental arithmetic. Class size in Year 7 was 47 pupils. Head boy in final year at school. Enjoyed making speeches on Parents’ Night that he learned by heart. Sat for a scholarship to Perth Modern School in his final year. Was third in the State. Attended Presbyterian Sunday School 5-14. Became church organist aged 14. Travel to Perth Mod. The school had a high reputation. Boys and girls attended separate classes. The girls’ skirt lengths were inspected each morning. 07:41 The Leaving Certificate was 7 subjects. Also did one term of French and Geography until 3rd Year. Other subjects were English, German, History, Maths A, Maths B, Physics and Chemistry. Impressed by Robert Menzies and began to think about working in Government. The students were very competitive. No P&C Association. Parents invited to school only for the annual Sports Day. School captain in last year. Still friends with the other prefects. One of two students in Perth to gain 7 distinctions in 7 subjects in Leaving Certificate. Three possibilities to study at UWA – mathematics, law or medicine. Felt law would be a better route to getting into government. 15:11 Attended an orientation day. Addressed in Winthrop Hall by Professor Mervyn Austin (partly in Latin). Gained a scholarship to St Georges College. Consulted Warden Josh Reynolds (lectured in History Department). Awarded FW Simpson prize for best leaving certificate that year and also an Exhibition. Rooms in college allocated on basis of seniority. Communal bathrooms. Junior common room, tutors’ common room, impressive dining hall and chapel. Attendance at Matins and evening service not compulsory. Played organ for Matins once a week. Two resident tutors but none in law. Visiting tutor came once a week. First tutor was Alan James Barblett. Formal dinners with gowns. 1st year students initiated by 2nd years. Ponding. 25:51 Raids on other colleges – particularly on Sir Thomas More next door. St Catherine’s college for women was already established (1928). Inter college sports. Cross country run through Kings Park. Played hockey every Saturday at university and also interstate. Met future wife on inter Varsity debating trip to Brisbane. No trips in 2nd or 4th year. 28:42 Law School in prefab building adjacent to Fairway. Two lecture rooms, library and common room for Blackstone Society. Teaching not very satisfactory. Full-time lecturers supplemented by part-time legal practitioners. Frank Beasley’s last year was 1963. Eric Edwards taught evidence and criminal law. Ernest Kingston Braybrook taught torts. Ian McCall taught family law and international law. David Alan taught legal history and equity. Dai Davies taught contract and mercantile law. The part timers included Francis Burt, John Toohey, and John Wickham (Conflict). The part-timers were quite distinguished. The full time teachers deluged the students with suggested reading material. Tutorials were only before exams. Frank Beasley taught Constitutional Law. 34:27 20 units needed to complete the degree: 4 in first year and 2 arts subjects. First year more history of law. Second year to fourth year all law subjects. 5 subjects in 2nd and 3rd year and 6 subjects in final year. Designed to give a broad legal education. Second highest intake in 1960. Some people failed first year. There was no Honours year. You had to be invited to do Honours and had to do a test. DW chose contract. Oral examinations. Law Library. Lectures not recorded. There were lecture notes prepared by students in previous years. Students used notes by Malcolm McCusker and David Malcolm (both of whom graduated in the early sixties.) 44:20 Social life. Female law students. Sports Council and Guild Council. Students went to Steve’s Hotel and the Captain Stirling Hotel. Blackstone Society annual dinner. Lots of women in the Arts faculty. Students socialised at the Refectory in the Hackett Hall building. 49:19 Relationship with other Faculties. Rivalry between law and engineering. Sporting rivalry and raids. Fred Chaney kidnapped and welded to a railway line. Annual tug of war. Elected Secretary of Hockey Club. Became President of Sports Council. The President of the Sports Council was an ex officio member of the Guild Council. Became President of the Guild in 1964. The Guild ran the Guild facilities. 54:44 Being Guild President was a very responsible job. In 1964, commenced Articles, was finishing Arts degree (history and politics), was Guild President. Lived back at home in 1964. While Guild President asked by Vice Chancellor not to mention charges against German lecturer during PROSH. 59:13 Ethics taught as part of Barrister’s Board course. Law Reform Commission established in 1975. Law reform took place through the political process. Not many law reform movements in the early 1960s. It was a stable time. After the Vietnam War things changed. Law students were expected to be dressed neatly and they wore gowns to lectures. 1:02:14 Graduated in 1964. Did Articles for Downing and Downing. Found work experience taught him a lot especially in drafting documents. Supervised by Frank Downing QC. Separate Bar established in 1963 – only 3-4 members. No computers. Very old fashioned photo copier. Recommended to Downing & Downing by a previous Guild President. Applied and was accepted. Interview 2 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:30 Graduated in April 1964. Applied for Rhodes Scholarship. Candidates had to attend a dinner at Government House and a selection committee chaired by the Governor (at that time Major-General Kendrew ). Left for Oxford in August 1965 for the start of term in September. Did a post-graduate Bachelor of Civil Law degree. Did a preliminary examination after two terms. The course started in the second year. Tutored by Peter Carter. Also some lectures and seminars taken by Professor Rupert Cross and Professor Herbert Hart. The examination involved 3 compulsory subjects and 3 optional subjects. 5 out of the 19 students in the year failed. Different teaching method to UWA - read essays to the tutor and the teaching was generally one on one. The course was an intense study of limited subjects. 06:57 Lived in at Wadham College in the first year. Not as formal as St George’s. Dined in hall – ate gammon steak every week. Second year lived in a flat in town which broadened his horizons. Used college and Bodleian law library. Played some hockey in invitation matches against places such as Rugby School. Didn’t do any rowing but viewed a couple of races and did have a try at punting. Future wife, Judith, came to Oxford to work as a research associate at the Institute of Experimental Psychology in his second year. Only two examinations – the preliminary exam and the final exam at the end of the 3rd term of the second year. There were also oral examinations. 13:30 Left Oxford in about July 1967. Got straight back into doing Articles. Accepted back to Downing & Downing. Had done 18-19 months out of 24 months of required Articles. Was 5 days short of the required time so could not be called to the Bar by the Full Court in the December 1967 sittings. The next sittings were in February 1968. Admitted in Feb 1968. Married Judith in December 1967. Invited to become a junior partner in Downing & Downing on admission. Did court work, conveying, commercial and advisory work. Now there is more specialisation. The degree from Oxford taught him about legal method and analysis. 17:34 During his third year as a partner he was recruited by David Malcolm to take up a position as Counsel for the Asian Development Bank in Manila. Downing & Downing very disappointed. Left in April 1971 and started work on 1 May. Lived in ex pat villages – secured by guards. Judith was not able to work in Manila. About 35 nationalities worked at the ADB. Japan and the US were the biggest contributors. The bank loaned money to developing countries for major infrastructure projects or to create projects. Moved from being a lawyer to an operations officer for the 3rd and 4th years at the Bank 24:55 Left after 4 years but kept in touch with friends they had made in Canada, Switzerland, Finland, the US and Malaysia. Manila was full of people and vehicles. Guards and fire arms was the norm. Travelled on missions every 3-4 weeks for the bank and saw a lot of Asia. 30:09 Decided not to return to Downing & Downing and go up to the Bar [1975]. Took about 18 months to be established. The independent Bar was initially at 525 Hay Street. Later it moved to Law Chambers – this building no longer exists. In November 1992, the Bar moved to Allendale Square. Did not specialise but tended to concentrate on commercial law - contract, town planning and taxation. Had no interest in criminal, family or industrial law. 34:09 Asked to be an examiner in practice & procedure for UWA Law School. Tutored in Trusts and developed a set of tutorial subjects. Lectured in part of the taxation course – stamp duty, Commonwealth Estate Duty, Commonwealth Gift Duty and Estate Probate Duty. All these duties apart from stamp duty were abolished in the late 70s. The staff and the course structure was had changed since the early 60s. 36:43 January 1982, appointed Queen’s Counsel after 7 years at the Bar (aged 39). Queen’s Counsel appointed by the Chief Justice. Expected to be independent and learned enough in the law to take on difficult cases some needing more than one Counsel. Malcolm McCusker appointed on the same day. Difficult cases included representing West Coast Telecasters in a hearing before the Australian Broadcasting Tribunal (1984) to get a third television licence in WA. Another was the Wittenoom Asbestos test case in 1988 which went for 13 months - Heys & Barrow v CSR Limited. 40:54 President of the Law Society of Western Australia in 1984. Elected to the Law Society in about 1980, chaired various committees and was Vice President in about 1983. The President is expected to be spokesperson on every legal issue. They negotiated the purchase of a floor of a building at 68 St Georges Terrace. The premises had been in the old Supreme Court building (now the Sir Francis Burt Law Education Centre and Museum). They subsequently moved several times. The Law Society contributes submissions on legal subjects to government and was a constituent member of the Law Council of Australia and participated in doing the same thing at a Commonwealth level. It ran an education programme for lawyers and social events for members. In the mid-80s, a rift developed between the full-time staff at the Faculty of Law at UWA and the Part-time teachers who were legal practitioners. The part-time staff thought the teaching should focus more on the practice of law rather than the philosophy of a particular subject. 49:49 Was President of the Law Council from 1986-1987 and had previously represented the Law Society on these meetings of Law Societies and Bar Associations of the various States and Territories. Persuaded the executive to meet in Perth on one occasion. From then on, they decided that members must travel to interstate meetings by business class! Unlike the case in Qld, NSW and Vic, solicitors practising in Tas, SA, WA and the NT could represent their client at court. Three of the Bar Associations gave notice that they intended to leave the Law Council. Negotiated to keep them in. Changed Constitution to ensure that a barrister from one of the Bar Associations was always on the Law Council. Interview 3 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:46 Invited to become Director of the Telethon Institute for Child Health Research in 1987. He had been an early board member and was involved in setting up the organisation which at that time was called the Western Australian Institute for Child Health. It is now called ‘Telethon Kids Institute’. Professor Fiona Stanley was the inaugural director. It started off very small and has grown considerably. Extensive research is carried out into childhood diseases. Drafted the Constitution for the Friends of the Institute. Remained as a director when he was elected to Parliament but resigned in March 1996 when he was appointed Attorney-General. 05:46 In the 1970s was active in the Liberal Party and stood for pre-selection for a State seat but was unsuccessful. Later stood in an unwinnable seat and managed to increase the percentage of the vote for the Liberal Party. Did not feel it was appropriate to be active in a political party while being involved in legal politics. Later approached by Peter Shack who was going to retire from the seat of Tangney. D Williams agreed to stand and won the seat. John Hewson, then leader of the Opposition, appointed him as Shadow Attorney-General and Shadow Minister Assisting the Leader in Constitutional Reform before he had even sat in Parliament. When Alexander Downer replaced John Hewson he did not confirm his appointment. John Howard replaced Alexander Downer in 1995 and won office on 11 March 1996. John Howard appointed D Williams as Attorney General and Minister for Justice in the First Howard Ministry. Made a member of Cabinet in October 1997 retaining the position of Attorney General but losing the position of Minister for Justice. Remained in Cabinet until July 2004. For his last 10 months in Cabinet he ceased to be Attorney-General and became Minister for Communications, Information Technology and the Arts. 10:47 Alexander Downer had appointed Amanda Vanstone as Shadow Attorney General but she became Minister for Employment, Education, Training and Youth Affairs under John Howard. The legal profession regard the Attorney-General as being their minister and the courts regard the Attorney-General as being their promoter and protector. Mr Williams does not think the Attorney-General, being a politician, should speak for the judiciary as he is not independent of Government. The Attorney-General has a wide portfolio – he recommends Court appointments to Cabinet. The Federal Magistrate’s Court or Circuit Court was established in this time. The Administrative Appeals Tribunal also falls under this portfolio. The Attorney General is responsible for censorship and co-ordinates the states to ensure there is a uniform system. The Attorney-General is also responsible for the Australian Government Solicitor. In his time it was agreed that government departments could brief private firms to ensure competition. 16:59 National security became a very significant matter and the department grew in response to threats such as 9/11 (September 11 and the Bali Bombings (2002). Some major legislation was drafted. There is a National Security Committee of Cabinet but the opposition is regularly briefed on matters. 21:21 D Williams sought to reform the Human Rights and Equal Opportunity Commission by changing its name and seeking to make Commissioners responsible across the board instead of just in their particular areas. This was not supported in the community. He sees the forming of the Federal Magistrate’s Court as being an important initiative. 23:57 The Attorney-General’s Department has a large staff and he found the quality of his staff to be excellent. The department was located in Barton and Comm cars were used to get to and from Parliament. At first, he stayed with family but it soon became necessary to rent a flat in Kingston. He would leave Canberra for Perth on Thursday or Friday. 29:32 Returning to Perth on the weekend, he would visit his parents and try to play hockey or tennis but had to leave for Canberra again on Sunday. He was the only person in Cabinet from WA although other Ministers came from WA. There was very little lobbying of him by the WA State Liberal Party. The travel to and from Canberra could be arduous. There was very little time to read Cabinet papers in time for the meeting on Monday so John Howard changed the meeting to Tuesday. Members were entitled to have their spouse visit up to about 9 times during the year. Parliament sits late into the evening especially on Monday and Tuesday. Qantas introduced a direct Canberra-Perth flight on Thursday night. 38:34 Members stayed in touch with their respective States and the country as a whole via a news clip service that put together portfolio collections. He visited his electorate office on a Friday or Saturday to sign mail and keep in touch with the staff. He thinks the government system works well as long as there are people with good will. He feels minor party representation make government difficult. 41:27 In about 1996/97 the Republican movement was active. Cabinet decided to hold a Constitutional Convention to discuss the idea of Australia becoming a republic. Unfortunately the Republican side could not agree on a method of electing a President. 44:00 The Attorney-General has to approve positions to be taken in important litigation which enabled him to keep abreast of what was happening in the law. There was also an intensive legislative programme. However, there was no time to read law reports and study law which made it quite challenging. When he returned to work as a QC in 2003, the way that law was practised had changed significantly in 11 years. There was much more focus on technology. There were also a lot more lawyers practising in WA. The type of legal work has widened – i.e. environmental law and planning law. 47:35 He met fellow UWA law graduates when he was practising. There was a 50th reunion of the graduates of 1964 on 31 May 2004. He maintains closer contacts with the people he was at St George’s college with. He hopes to continue to practice law for several more years. Audio Files Links to audio files <a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/1450645e6128ea23aed042f9928953af.mp3">Williams, Interview 1, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/b7326dead7b3a8a4b310c231a055a3ce.mp3">Williams, Interview 2, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/250b78b0681f7f34fbaf340d459b452f.mp3">Williams, Interview 3, Track 1</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Daryl Williams interview, 20 August 2014, 26 August 2014 and 1 September 2014 Subject The topic of the resource Law Description An account of the resource Williams was born in East Fremantle, Western Australia, and was educated at the University of Western Australia and Wadham College, Oxford, where he was a Rhodes Scholar in 1965. In 1968, Williams started work as a barrister. In 1971, he became counsel for the Asian Development Bank. However, four years later, he returned to practising law on his own. He was appointed Queen's Counsel in 1982, and became a Member of the Order of Australia in 1989. Williams continued to practise law until his election to Parliament in 1993. Williams was briefly a member of the Opposition Shadow Ministry in 1994, serving as Shadow Attorney-General and Shadow Minister Assisting the Leader of the Opposition on Constitutional Reform. In 1996, when the Liberals won office, he was appointed to the Cabinet as Attorney-General. He served in this capacity until 2003. Williams was also Minister for Justice for a period in 1996–97. He had also attended the 1998 Constitutional Convention as a parliamentary delegate. After the Liberal ministerial shakeup of 2003, Williams was appointed Minister for Communications, Information Technology and the Arts. In April 2004, he announced he would not be contesting the 2004 election. He stood down from the ministry in July 2004. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Williams, Daryl Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright holder University of Western Australia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 files Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History