8 10 85 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UWA ORAL HISTORIES Description An account of the resource A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank">UWA Historical Society</a> to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. <br />The UWA Historical Society’s <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank">Oral History Program</a> started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Western Australia Historical Society Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Julia Wallis Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Geoffrey Shellam Location The location of the interview Nedlands, W.A. Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) Interview 1: 52 minutes, 30 seconds Interview 2: 59 minutes, 18 seconds Interview 3: 1 hour, 6 minutes, 58 seconds Total: 2 hours, 58 minutes, 46 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 128 kbs Time Summary A summary of an interview given for different time stamps throughout the interview Interview 1: Tuesday 18 March 2014 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00: Track 2 00:00 Geoffrey Randolph Shellam born in Kalgoorlie in 1943. Father bank manager. Family moved to Warrnambool in Victoria in 1950. Moved to Morwell in 1953 and to Bendigo in 1955 where Geoff did his schooling at Camp Hill primary school and then Bendigo High School. By this stage, Geoff was thinking about being a scientist. He did a scholarship examination at Trinity College, Melbourne University where he studied from 1962 to 1964 gaining a Bachelor of Science. 04:16 At the same time Geoff obtained a cadetship from the Commonwealth Serum Laboratories. He did not know what microbiology was when he applied. He was a cadet here from 1962 to 1972. This funded his university studies and he worked full-time for them after he gained his PhD in 1968. Geoff resident at Trinity College, Melbourne University which was similar in style to Oxford. He enjoyed the social life and the intellectual stimulus. He studied the biological sciences majoring in biochemistry and microbiology. He worked at CSL in the university vacation and learned a lot about infectious diseases and microbiology. He did a year of research at CSL in 1965 which equated to a year of a Bachelor of Science with Honours which gave him entry to PhD study. 07:03 Geoff did his PhD study at the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute in Parkville, Melbourne from 1966 to 1968. Macfarlane Burnet was the Director in 1965 but that year he retired and the role was taken over by Gustav (“Gus”) Nossal . Geoff was Gus’ first PhD student and thoroughly enjoyed being under his tutorship. Burnet turned the focus of the Institute from virology to immunology so it was an exciting time. It was a world-class institution. Gus Nossal was interested in how we become tolerant of foreign tissues. Other important research at the Institute was being done by Geoff’s friend Graham Mitchell with Professor Jacques Miller. 11:41 Geoff finished his PhD in 1968 and went back to CSL for 3 years to finish his bond. It was very practical work but he missed the intellectual stimulus of research. He was keen to do post-doctoral studies and it was common then to do this overseas. He was lucky enough to be awarded the Horace Le Marquand and Dudley Bigg Fellowship by the Royal Society, London where he spent 1972 to 1976. On the way to London, Geoff travelled through Central Asia with Fiona Stanley the daughter of Neville Stanley who was the Professor of Microbiology at UWA. He met Fiona through her brother, Richard, who he met at the Hall Institute. At this stage, Fiona wanted to become a neurologist. 16:42 Track 3 00:00 Melbourne remains the centre of laboratory based sciences. At this time Perth was not well regarded. This stood Geoff in good stead when he arrived in London. Geoff was working out of the Tumour Immunology Unit of the Imperial Cancer Research Fund Laboratories in the Department of Zoology at University College, London. Geoff met Peter Medawar who shared the 1960 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine with Sir Frank Macfarlane Burnet. His boss was Professor Avrion Mitchison. He was an experimental scientist who had an interesting family who introduced Geoff to Socialist principles. 06:28 Geoff married Fiona in 1973 and they lived in a flat in Mitchison’s house for a rent of about £10 until 1976. Fiona was now studying epidemiology at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine. They had a weekend place in Dulverton, West Somerset. 10:31 Geoff became interested in tumour immunology and tumour viruses. An important discovery was made during this time of killer cells. Colleagues Peter Doherty and Rolf Zinkernagel were co-recipients of the 1996 Nobel Prize in Physiology or Medicine for work with T cells and the immune system. 13:48 Geoff was awarded the Eleanor Roosevelt International Cancer Fellowship in 1976 and worked at the National Institutes of Health in Bethesda, Maryland, USA. The American researchers were very competitive and hard working. The funding was excellent as were the equipment and facilities. 18:24 The couple decided to return to Australia in 1977. Fiona’s parents were now living in Perth as were Geoff’s and he has a long family connection with Perth. His first forebear arrived in Cockburn Sound in February 1830. His maternal genes go back to 1840s Pinjarra. Geoff applied for an early UWA Post-doctoral Fellowship to UWA encouraged by his father in law, Neville Stanley. They had really enjoyed the Bicentennial Celebrations in the UWA in 1976. Coming back to Australia reinforced a lot of interest in family history and that Perth was a good place to study epidemiology. Fiona set up the new Telethon Institute for Child Health Research and became the first Director in 1990. She has only recently retired. 22:55 Track 4 00:00 Fiona’s father, Neville Stanley was Foundation Professor of Microbiology at UWA in 1956. He came from Adelaide. His father Evan Richard Stanley had died young from infection and his mother died from TB a few years later. He worked at the University of Adelaide and then moved to Prince Henry Hospital in Sydney and worked on a vaccine for polio. Geoff thinks that Neville Stanley was keen to make his mark in the field of microbiology consequently when the job at UWA came up he applied for it and came over at the end of 1956. The Department was then situated at Royal Perth Hospital. He also set up a diagnostic service for WA. He worked on influenza viruses and Rio viruses such as Ross River virus. He headed an energetic and robust department of Microbiology which moved to the QEII Medical Centre in 1973 along with the whole medical school. 06:29 By 1977 the UWA Medical School was quite well regarded but not highly visible. They were graduating only about 70 students and it was very male dominated. It was outward looking, enthusiastic and energetic. Neville Stanley led a university team for the Chablis Cup against the wine makers in Middle Swan. The medical school included people from Hong Kong, Uganda and other universities in order to help develop a new medical school. They soon became the biggest earner of research funds in the university. 09:05 As the QEII Medical Centre was off the main campus it made it difficult to feel part of the rest of the UWA Campus. Geoff had done Fine Arts units at Melbourne University and enrolled in a Bachelor of Arts focusing on English Literature and Classics. He did not have time to finish this as by the time he reached the final year in 1985 he had been made Professor of Microbiology. He loved this time of his life. He made lots of friends in the Arts Faculty. By this stage Fiona and Geoff had a young family and had a busy life socially and professionally. 12:16 Interview 2: Tuesday 8 April 2014 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:38 Track 2 00:00 Decision to return to Perth due to family as well as a need for Geoff to pioneer his own field. It was also very good for Fiona’s career in epidemiology and they had a very collegial approach. She wanted to set up a study centred on patient’s databases. For Geoff, coming back to a smaller university was a risk, but he wanted to work with Neville Stanley and was interested in the innate immune response and natural killer cells. He was also interested in the new field of genetics. He was awarded a UWA post-doctoral fellowship. 07:00 They returned to Perth via South America and Tahiti. Geoff started his Fellowship in January 1977. The facilities were good and the department although smaller was very enthusiastic. Jane Chalmer had just finished her PhD researching the herpes virus in mice. This led to the discovery in the 1980s of the gene Cmv1. They worked with other researchers in the USA. Studies burgeoned in this field throughout the world and the laboratory at UWA was at the forefront of the research. 13:32 It was an exciting department as its head, Professor Neville Stanley, was charismatic and enthusiastic and a great leader in the department. He was used to working in developing fields of research. He worked on a vaccine for polio in Sydney in the 1950s. For him, Perth was a new beginning. Stanley began to study a new virus called the Rio virus in the late 50s early 60s. He realised that animals as well as humans were infected by this virus. He realised that using nature as well as laboratory work would enhance scientific research. It led him to study mosquito borne infections funded by the Health Department. One of Neville Stanley’s post-doctoral students was Michael Alpas who worked with Nobel Laureate Carleton Gajdusek in isolating the kuru virus from tribal practices in PNG. It was similar to mad cow’s disease. 18:39 Funding was fairly easy then compared to now. Geoff got local and national grants. He has been funded every year since 1977. It is possible that research that helps humans rather than animals or the environment is looked on more favourably by people granting research money. 20:46 Neville Stanley retired in 1983 and Geoff was made the second Professor of Microbiology in 1985. This was quite a stressful time as he felt that he had to know everything! He put his energies into building up the research. The AH&MRC was expanding its grant giving. At one time he had 45 PhD students and 25 post-doctoral scientists. Geoff was involved in the Australian Society of Immunology and became National President. He encouraged them to merge with New Zealand to become the Australasian Society of Immunology. He reformed the society and encouraged them to establish proper branches in each State with a budget. 24:38 Track 3 00:00 The Department of Microbiology moved from Royal Perth Hospital to the newly created Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital in 1973. Pathology and Pharmacology were also based here. This medical faculty was separate from the Crawley campus. The Department of Microbiology was closely associated with the diagnostic laboratories. Pathology and Microbiology were side by side but determined to be independent of each other. 04:14 In 2002, the university changed to a system of departments being merged into School structures and what was the Department being renamed as Disciplines. This was not well-liked. Heads of School are not necessarily the leading academics as was the case with the Professors. The Department merged with Chemistry, Biochemistry and Physiology – all non-human sciences. This became the School of Biological Biomedical and Chemical Sciences (BBCS) and the home base was set around the Department of Chemistry. It was the biggest school in the university. Soon afterwards the old Department of Chemistry buildings were demolished and a new building constructed, the Bayliss Building. 06:38 On the plus side, schools brought more resources than individual departments especially in relation to other skills such as IT. Microbiology was part of this school from 2002 to 2011 then it was changed as it was realised that the structure was not working. The Vice Chancellor, Alan Robson, organised for them to join the existing School of Pathology (next door in the QEII Medical Centre). Microbiology is a large field and very diverse and did not fit that well with Pathology. They are still fighting the have their name retained and be independent of Pathology. However, there are more benefits of being teamed with Pathology than was the case before. 10:28 UWA is now among the top universities in Australia and the world. It has been a long process of building research and the support of research, providing support for career structures and training, animal and human ethics approval, innovation and the development of patents. What hasn’t changed is the role of personal initiative and endeavour in research. It is important to have the best staff to teach the best students. Training the best students to go out into the world adds to the contacts and collaborations that are possible. International students were not that numerous until about 2004. The Master of Infectious Diseases Programme now attracts students from all over the world. 14:10 Geoff is proud of his contributions to the department especially teaching initiatives. The first was the development of a course in molecular biology in 1987. The course was taught with the Department of Biochemistry but is now no longer running. Molecular biology was a new and emerging field. Geoff also supported the development of environmental microbiology. This field did not ‘fly’ and it was abandoned after 20 years. 18:07 Geoff’s crowning glory was the development of the new Masters course in infectious diseases. He researched how tropical medicine was taught in London, Liverpool and Harvard and set the course up in 2006 with an intake of about 7 students in 2007. Today, the course attracts 70-80 students from all over the world. Thus, when the new course structure began, they already had a Masters course in place which contained vocational training. It is exciting as UWA is training scientists for the world. Geoff enjoys the role he plays in pastoral care of the students helping them adjust to a new learning programme and a different culture. 23:08 Track 4 00:00 Another exiting development was the Nobel Prize awarded to Barry Marshall Professor of Clinical Microbiology at UWA (and Robin Warren) in 2005 for his work that showed that the cause of peptic ulcers was the bacterium Helicobacter pylori (H. pylori). It was the first Nobel Prize awarded in Western Australia and was a huge coup for WA and UWA in particular. His laboratory was now located in Geoff’s department and they had supported him from the mid-1990s until 2005. The State Government and the university funded ongoing support. The Federal Government awarded them a grant to refurbish the building and the Marshall Centre for Infectious Diseases, Research and Training, centred at UWA. Barry Marshall and Geoff Shellam are the two co-directors. The Centre also studies other infectious diseases – viral, mosquito borne, bacterial, etc. The Training encompasses the Master of Infectious Diseases Program. It has given the department a focus and new prominence. 06:01 Track 5 00:00 Life at UWA has been extremely important for Geoff’s academic career, research career and his cultural interests. He was able to follow up studies on English Literature and History. The university also offered cultural education to the wider public by way of lectures at lunchtime or in the evening. He made and remains good friends with academics in the Arts Department and found it personally enriching. 02:55 UWA was unique due to the fact that so many academics had come from all over the world and were keen to get the university off the ground. They all knew each other and interacted socially as it was still quite small. They all understood each other and it broke down barriers. 04:53 Interview 3: Tuesday 15 April 2014 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:45 Track 2 00:00 Melbourne University Press began in 1922; University of Queensland in 1948 and University of New South Wales in 1962. UWA Press began in 1935. Presses also existed at the Australian National University, Adelaide University and Sydney University. These three Presses are no longer operating. UWA Press started publishing textbooks overseen by the Publications Committee. The Textbooks Board probably met in the main Vice Chancellor’s Building and the Press would have had its first home in the tower of Winthrop Hall, staff being spread over several levels in Winthrop Hall. Early publishers were Mr Fells (1935), Alex McDonald (1939), Frank Beaumont (1946-1960), John O’Brien, Cherrell Guilfoyle, Mr Binder, Vic Greaves. The modern era started with Meredith Chesterton in 1990; Ian Drakeford in 1992; Jenny Gregory in 1997 and Terri-ann White from 2005. Mr Beaumont was around in the 1940s and was instrumental in development the University Co-Op Bookshop. 06:05 Physical arrangements were difficult. Amusing incidents at the Press in the early days included the story that a rival chased a competitor for his lady’s affections around the Winthrop Tower with a loaded pistol. The Press grew in fits and starts up until the 1960s. The University Press took its name in 1953. Geoff was aware of UWA Press when he was studying Arts in the late 1970s and early 1980s. Geoff was elected to the Advisory Committee in about 1988. Professor Don Bradshaw was the chair of the Press Board in that time. After Geoff returned from a year’s study leave, he became Chair in 1991 and remained in that role until 2006. There were about 6 people on the Committee who met 6-8 times a year for 2-3 hours. When Geoff first joined they met in a Tower Room in Winthrop Hall and later in Tuart House where the Press shared the building with the Festival of Perth. The Committee was not responsible for the appointment of staff (except for the publisher). 14:25 At this time there was about 14 staff. The books were published in-house in Tuart House. There was a typesetting machine and as there were only about 10 books published a year, it was soon felt that this equipment was unnecessary and that many things such as typesetting, editing and book design could be contracted out. Things became digital towards the end of Geoff’s time. It was very hard to downsize the staff as some had been there for 20-30 years. They had specialist skills and UWA Press was the only academic publisher. Meredith Chesterton was appointed as an interim publisher in about 1990 with only 1 or 2 staff. Vic Greaves was there from 1972 to 1989. He had a printing background. 18:55 The University gave a Senate grant to UWA publishing. It was originally about $180,000 pa. Some academics felt that the money could be better used. The Australian National University Press closed in 1983; Adelaide University in 1985 and Sydney University in 1987. 20:28 In 1990-91, UWA Press was almost starting from scratch with new staff and a new philosophy. It was a new era. Meredith Chesterton was a very can-do person which was very lucky but even so, the remaining staff felt under pressure. The Press had to find a way to survive but the Advisory Board was very keen that they do this. They had great community support. Many of them wrote to the Vice Chancellor pleading for the Press to remain in operation. There were 3 closure attempts during Geoff’s time as Chair. 23:07 Most University Presses depended on the support of other university Presses. UWA got advice from Frank Thompson from the University of Queensland who wrote a report in 1973 and a 5 year plan was adopted. The idea was that the Press did not operate at a profit but was to operate efficiently and at a minimum necessary loss. The publication of journals was to be phased out and would be published by the relevant departments. 25:10 In the early 1990s, Professor Fay Gale was the new Vice Chancellor and had had a career in publishing. There began to be a case building for the closing of the UWA Press. The finances of the Press were fluctuating and the deficit was larger than the annual budget. The problem was how to keep it publishing within the limits of the Senate Grant and reduce the deficit. The deficit had be accepted and had to be written off by the university. 27:48 The output of the Press was not just academic. They published natural history and children’s books. Their first children’s book in 1985 used the Cygnet imprint. Some highly specialised and intensely academic books were also published. Professor Vincent Moleta worked on some of these publications with the prestigious Olshki publishing house in Florence, Italy. Books published included one on the doctrine of poverty in Medieval Latin and another on the Medici family. 30:03 Track 3 00:00 The Press attracted a variety of writers and some artistic books such as one by the performing artist Mike Parr. Some of his work could be quite confronting. In the early 1990s publishers from Melbourne, Ian Drakeford and his wife Janine, were appointed. They attempted to publish a mix of books – some of which would be more popular in order to make the Press more money. One such was published in Meredith Chesterton’s time and entitled Tin Dog, Damper and Dust: A Shearer’s Life by Don Munday (1991). The Walliston Journals were edited and published. They were launched in St George’s Cathedral. Janine Drakeford was interested in children’s books and The Deliverance of Dancing Bears by Elizabeth Stanley (1994) was very highly regarded and so popular that they had 2-3 print runs. It was sold nationally and also sold in the USA. Other children’s books were also published in the mid to late 1990s and provided an income stream. The Fremantle Children’s Literature Centre was a big supporter of UWA Press and many books were launched here. In about 2006, there was a change in direction and children’s books were no longer published. 07:48 The 1990s saw a reduction of staff and then the appointment of the Drakefords who were very professional and successful in saving UWA Press for a while. However, in mid-1996 the Senate subsidy was not going to cover the costs and the Deputy Vice Chancellor, Alan Robson, advised that the Press would have to be closed down. All contracts were to be approved by the Vice Chancellor, Derek Schroeder, and no new manuscripts were to be accepted. This made for a very uncertain year. It was suggested that UWA Press co-publish with Fremantle Arts Centre Press. This was not popular with the academics or their friends in the wider community. An Academic Board meeting took place and Geoff took a large trolley full of UWA Press books to hand out at the meeting. Seeing the quality of the books meant that the Press survived to live another day. It was a lot of time and energy on Geoff’s behalf to continue to fight for the Press. 13:27 This instability did not suit the Drakefords who made the decision to return to Melbourne at the end of 1996. An increase in funding was agreed in 1997 which was championed by Dennis Haskell while Geoff was away on sabbatical leave. So now the Press had an increased budget. Jenny Gregory an academic historian who was on the advisory board was invited to become a director of the Press in October 1997. There was some overlap with Ian Drakeford and continued to assist when he returned to Melbourne. 15:36 Later, in the 1990s there were further difficulties with the size of the deficit. An Eastern States publisher, Hilary McPhee, was invited to come to review the UWA Press in the late 1990s. Although supportive, she suggested some changes to the Vice Chancellor and the Senate and the ship was righted and procedures tightened. Jenny Gregory continued for 8 years until 2005 and then returned to academia and Terri-ann White took over. During Jenny’s time the quality, quantity and range for titles was increased. Commissioned books on history by corporations and Shire Councils were produced by UWA Press. The also published trade titles. It was also essential to continue to publish academic books which although not profitable were essential to the charter of the Press. Authors were asked to find subsidiaries to assist with the publishing of these books. They were able to get about $3,000 to $5,000 from the Arts Faculty or other bodies such as Kings Park, at different times. This mixed approach put them in a better financial position. They were now publishing between 25-40 titles a year as opposed to 10-15. (The largest amount of books was published during the sesquicentennial celebrations in 1979 because they were underwritten by the State Government). 19:38 The Press continued to publish a range of titles to balance the books. The Press were also selling about 30% of their books in the Eastern States. They also sold through distributors in the USA and Europe. They needed to lift their profile in the Eastern States and make the books less Westralian centric. The Press had published about 1/6th of all the books published in WA since the beginning of the colony which is a significant achievement. 21:17 When Alan Robson became Vice Chancellor in about 2006, he said that he would not attempt to close the University Press as the Press had become much more professional and the university were very proud of it. Terri-ann White who took over as publisher in 2006 was very adept at dealing with the Vice Chancellor and the university accountant. She had been an author and book shop owner so she was experienced in managing books and their sale and was particularly interested in creative writing. 22:34 Track 4 00:00 Professor Ted Snell is now Chairman of the Advisory Board. Sometimes economic rationalisation overlooks the value of the books and the fact that people outside UWA might have books published by UWA on display in their homes. People also turn to UWA Press for reference purposes. Many people support publishing in general and rate UWA Press highly. Supporters of UWA Press include the Chair of the Literature Board of the Australia Council, the head of the Alexander Library, politicians and other publishers, historians and senior figures in the community, judges and many other people. Many of these people lent their support when the Press was having difficulties by speaking out or writing letters. 02:50 Book launches are interesting and enjoyable affairs. Geoff was often the MC and they were held in a variety of different places. The Scarlet Mile: A Social History of Prostitution in Kalgoorlie, 1894-2004 by Elaine McKewon (2005) was launched at both Langtrees brothels in Kalgoorlie and Burswood (Perth). A children’s book about the Barking Owl was launched in Floreat. The show was stolen by an actual barking owl that began ‘barking’ at the end of Geoff’s speech. A book on the Duyfken was launched on that boat in Fishing Boat Harbour, Fremantle. Books were launched in many places. Venues at UWA included a lecture theatre or the Lawrence Wilson Art Gallery or at UWA Press itself. Many of the launches are now held at the new location of UWA Press at Claremont campus where they moved in about 2002. Books were also launched at Kings Park and at an old mill in Manjimup. This adds to the excitement of the launch. 08:51 UWA Press conveys the name and the image of the university on every book it publishes. When the book is reviewed this is free advertising for the university. The Press celebrated its 70th anniversary in 2005 with the publication of A Press in Isolation. University of Western Australia Press 1935-2004 by Criena Fitzgerald. 10:48 Geoff retired as Chair of the Advisory Board so he is not sure of the current direction of the Press, but it is concerning that the popularity of physical books are declining due to the popularity of e-books. The Press has taken to publishing on demand so they have a smaller print run of about 50 books and will publish more if there is demand which is more cost effective. Creative writing and novels are proving popular which has helped with the funding of the Press. Geoff is hopeful for the future of UWA Press. 13:36 Audio Files Links to audio files <a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/024023544c47f41b9584bca6bb346523.mp3">Shellam, Interview 1, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/ef62ff3d78d688543f7be6c4b320dbdb.mp3">Shellam, Interview 1, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/15d52730f6a665fdf3e44de669fbbca0.mp3">Shellam, Interview 1, Track 3</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/f8531ee1e0b55837cfe1a6233448839d.mp3">Shellam, Interview 1, Track 4</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/069d8fed1b6a270f5d4092665c3e0999.mp3">Shellam, Interview 2, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/26414f4bd7a5a2c6681bd1c45598a0f9.mp3">Shellam, Interview 2, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/8f7f2c8b3c93dc08febf256ccdbb21b7.mp3">Shellam, Interview 2, Track 3</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/1b2e1f2b3dd85821c82df264a9655d9b.mp3">Shellam, Interview 2, Track 4</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/b10a1cd354cac3dcd2521e448917d8f1.mp3">Shellam, Interview 2, Track 5</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/6da0a1904a12a1860d184503f5a3bc38.mp3">Shellam, Interview 3, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/0d7edba08782e1846de3924263be86d9.mp3">Shellam, Interview 3, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/f83898d776456200999a9e3fabeff499.mp3">Shellam, Interview 3, Track 3</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/cbd915d8ef4049e6b7677ba951cfaa63.mp3">Shellam, Interview 3, Track 4</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geoff Shellam interview, 18 March 2014, 8 April 2014 and 15 April 2014 Subject The topic of the resource Medicine, microbiology, immunology Description An account of the resource Professor Geoff Shellam completed a Bachelor of Science majoring in microbiology and biotechnology at the University of Melbourne, where he also undertook a PhD in immunology with the Walter and Eliza Hall Institute of Medicine. Professor Shellam then worked at the Commonwealth Serum Laboratories before obtaining a Royal Science Fellowship which allowed him to study tumour immunology as a post-doctorate student at the College of London. He then won the prestigious Eleanor Roosevelt International Cancer Fellowship to research at the National Cancer Institute in Maryland, USA. Professor Shellam originally came to The University of Western Australia as a Post-doctoral Fellow in 1977 and became a Professor of Microbiology in 1985. He is also a Fellow of the Royal College of Pathologists in the United Kingdom, Co-director of the Marshall Centre for Infectious Disease and Director of the Masters of Infectious Disease Program. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Shellam, Geoffrey Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright holder University of Western Australia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 files Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History https://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/8f64a27b6b841b92616074adc34c1a6f.mp3 033da91763a3647a7cb2bfa3db4e2489 https://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/70e0da085f150d0007f03727b254993b.mp3 b92390794eb829fa41927b6a54edf233 https://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/7031ea9626554fd7e518924d8ce5a1c0.mp3 02352c32a481120f45f5c5d2d7064440 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UWA ORAL HISTORIES Description An account of the resource A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank">UWA Historical Society</a> to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. <br />The UWA Historical Society’s <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank">Oral History Program</a> started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Western Australia Historical Society Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview John Bannister Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Philip Silberstein Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) Interview 1: 48 minutes, 58 seconds Interview 2: 54minutes, 10 seconds Interview 3: 38 minutes, 15 seconds Total: 2 hours, 20 minutes, 23 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 128kbs Time Summary A summary of an interview given for different time stamps throughout the interview Track 1 00:00:00 Origins and family background leading up to career. Philip Silberstein grew up in Vienna. Born in 1920. Czechoslovakia, Hitler, England and education. Being tri lingual. Tertiary education and Australia. Leaving Europe and coming to live in Melbourne in February 1939. Junior lab assistant at the Aeronautical Research Labs. Division of forest products and substitute materials for aeroplanes. Melbourne, Aeronautical Research Labs. 00:04:40 Engineer in aeronautics at Melbourne University. Mr Arthur Weilds*. Suggestions of career path and mathematics. Engineer, mathematics 00:06:05 Memories of family background. Father was a pathologist. Animal experiments and teaching at the university. Memories of the laboratory and medicine. Memories of living in Vienna and the Czeck republic. And early education. Parents background. Family, parents 00:13:33 Fondest memories in Europe. Coming out of Europe as a result of the war. Austria was in absolute turmoil. Coming to Australia and the new world. Did we find Australia very primitive. Coming out on a boat. Academics coming back to Melbourne university. Memories of Black Friday bushfires. Landing at Fremantle. Smelling the gum trees. The little village of Perth WA. Dry grass and Norfolk island pines. Childhood, family, Europe, Australia 00:23:15 Career path and coming to UWA. Memories of the art gallery. Impressions. Early years in Australia. A different standard of living. Becoming stateless as a result of the war. Aliens reporting to the police. Career, university of Western Australia 00:29:49 Graduation in 1944 and classified a technical officer and research officer. CSIRO scholarship and years in Cambridge. Exciting time and subject matter. Mathematical problems and equations for the vibration mountings for the Mustang bomber. Functional analysis Bryn Smithies*. Graduation, CSIRO, Scholarship, Cambridge 00:35:50 Research student at Bryn Smithies had an encyclopaedic knowledge. Acceptance of the thesis and functional analysis. Working Melbourne and the Theory of Elasticity. Working on defence and dept of supply. Americans and secret information for CSIRO. Thesis, Theory of Elasticity, CSIRO 00:40:05 Rocket analysis and aeronautical work. Arthur Weilds* and engineering work. Technical analysis. Arthur Weilds*, technical analysis 00:44:18 Aeronautics. Consulting lab and radio telescope. Research and administrative nonsense and coming to Western Australia. Track 2 00:00:00 Encouraged by Dr Leavy* and Larry Blakers to University of Western Australia. Coming to conferences at UWA. UWA was growing and looking for staff. Getting away from previous areas of study. Initial impressions of UWA. University housing settlement of people with similar interest. Academic community. Seeing UWA being run. Dr. Leavy, Blakers, growing, University housing settlement 00:03:56 Memories of Sir Stanley Prescott. Running university colleges and the university board and the senate. University funding was state based. Federal government funding. Money into capital works. Non fee paying institution. WA and readjustment of fee structures. Prescott allows university to function without administered bureaucracy. Sir Stanley Prescott, bureaucracy, federal government, funding 00:08:14 Problems with bureaucracy. Numbers of full time students. The Bursars Office and investments. The famous Number Two account. Investments secure and profit. Problems with administration. Justify use of virgin bush. Staff and the running of the university. Buying and selling a house and The Bank of NSW and UWA. Story of the house. Staff members and house deposits. Administration, staff, students, investments 00:15:52 Interest in governance of the university. Department relationship with the Vice Chancellor. Blakers and Leavy* and Silberstein visit Prescott. Connections between the faculty and the Professorial Board and The Senate. Redrafting of the Convocation Statute. Blakers, Leavy, Prescott, Redrafting of the Convocation Statute 00:18:15 The senate wanted to change its constitution. Long process and thought for change. Academic and staff and student tension. Balance of the senate. Elected members and ex-officiate members. The Vice Chancellor and the Director General of Education. Government nominate members. 6 members of Convocation and the 18 member senate. Constitution, members 00:21:45 Committees made up of academic staff and admin staff. The Senate would have access to advice from outside The Senate. Convocation was cut down to 4 members as a compromise. Observation of the running of Convocation. Blakers insists to be on Convocation. The donation of prizes. Examiners meeting Convocation, members, Blakers 00:25:15 Introduction to Convocation. Two levels of being on Convocation. People pay subscription every year. Trips and tours around the world. Extracurricular activities. Becoming more involved in Convocation by Bert Priest and Henry Schafer*. Personal views of what Convoctation should espouse. Unrealistic aspirations. Bert Priest, Henry Schafer* 00:29:00 Secretarial staff of Convocation are paid by university. Cost of administration and independence. Furnishing the Irwin Street building. Staff, Convocation, administration, independence 00:30:40 Problems seen. Convocation loses power. Elected members of staff take no notice of Convocation. Academic status and person views to put UWA on the right track. Members of The Senate do not want to attend meeting of the council. Problems, power, council, members, Convocation 00:33:50 Warden of Convocation was not a member of The Senate. The Guild President and The Senate. Losing two seats. The Senate and Convocation and money. Prizes turn into medals. Financial Support of research students. Award ceremonies. Increasing the stature of Convocation. Convocation, money, prize, The Guild, financial support 00:37:44 The prime movers and shakers of Convocation. Kit Gray* and Dorothy Ransom. Dorothy outlives most of the members of Convocation. friends of the library. The old university and other universities. Prime movers, Kit Wray, Dorothy Ransom 00:40:40 Friends of music and the music society. Dorothy was a long supporter of the friends of the Library. Writing the history of Convocation. The Irwin street committee and the dubious venture. Sentimental attachment to that building. Replacing the Cricket Pavilion. The old Dolphin Theatre and the Engineering lab. Music Society, Dolphin Theatre, cricket pavilion, Irwin St Committee 00:44:47 Success of the Dolphin Theatre and student control. Irwin street building and student presence. Moving the temporary building. Mark Harland* the architect. Involved with furnishing and window treatment. Irwin St Building, Mark Harland*, fundraising 00:48:50 Heritage architect complain about the building. Heritage of the building is stretched and enormous cost. The Tuart Club. Staffing the building. Envisaging extended activities of Convocation. Tuart Club, staffing, heritage 00:52:50 Funding of staffing and paying off ex secretarial employee. Funding, staffing Track 3 00:00:00 Problems that have arisen from lack of funding. Fundraising by the alumni. Convocation prize. Cash value of prize devalues. Change of tempo and attracting funds. Volunteer bodies around the university. Completion for limited funding source. Coordination of fundraisers. Donations and tax free funds. Bursars office and uni administration. Problems, funding, donations, administration 00:05:20 Social event and fundraising events. Cost of functions. 50 year reunions. Successful occasions and archives. Functions and overseas trips have been phased out. Academic backgrounds are valuable. Invited to tours. Social event, tours, reunions 00:09:45 Keeping convocation alive. Scholarships and sources of travel funding. Kingsley Dickson and tissue cultures. Verbal report and functions. Kingsley serves on the standing committee. Student that benefits that gives back. Kingsley Dickson, student benefits 00:12:50 Committees and voluntary involvements. Friends of The Festival. Convocation initiated friends of the university library and other initiatives. Dr Austen* and Dr James. Enthusiasm wanes. Attracting more members. Pauline Tremlett. Benefitting and collaborating from fundraising activities. Committees, Pauline Tremlett, enthusiasm, Dr Austen, Dr James 00:17:16 Exchanging information. Arranging to collate information about meetings. And a diary of events. Administrative. Pauline Tremlett. Pauline Tremlett, events 00:19:40 The role of convocation and the Dawkins minister for education. The Tertiary Education Scheme. Vice Chancellor Bob Smith. Expressing concerns. Instructions on high. Politicians and assurances. Influencing education policy. The only way con can be effective. Quality of the members and warden. Susan Baker working for CSIRO impresses the Senate. Susan Baker, CSIRO, Dawkins, Tertiary Education Scheme, Bob Smith, politicians 00:25:17 Committee and convocation having a significant effect. Affect on fundraising. The impact of convocation. Higher profile of convocation. Involvement with particular groups. Importance of sport. The Sport Award. John Invervarity. Convocation has some status. Committee, fundraising, sport award 00:28:45 Convocation role has been extended. Convocation at Murdoch declared defunct. Convocation at UWA is there for keeps. The tradition of UWA will keep Convocation alive. Being seen as a benefactor. Summing up time on Convocation. Redrafting the constitution. Two elected members and the Warden. Tradition, redrafting the constitution, Murdoch 00:33:28 Getting to the Senate through the registrar. Time wasted in making progress. University and the computerisation of records. Software needed and the production of programme. Describing the body of graduates and the reputation of the university. A first rate university and the quality of graduates. Looking after the body – Convocation. Computerisation, reputation, Audio Files Links to audio files <a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/8f64a27b6b841b92616074adc34c1a6f.mp3">Silberstein_Philip, Interview, Track 1</a><br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/70e0da085f150d0007f03727b254993b.mp3">Silberstein_Philip, Interview, Track 2</a><br /><a href="%20%20%20%207031ea9626554fd7e518924d8ce5a1c0.mp3">Silberstein_Philip, Interview, Track 3</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Philip Silberstein interview, 24 August 2011 and 20 September 2011 Subject The topic of the resource Engineering, mathematics Description An account of the resource Josef Philipp Otto (“Phil”) Silberstein was born in Vienna on 5 July 1920. In February 1939, at the age of 18, he left Europe to live in Melbourne. In 1966 he joined the University of Western Australia, eventually becoming Emeritus Professor of Mathematics. Together with his wife Judith Silberstein, who was involved with Tuart Club, they founded Friends of the UWA Library in 1963 in their role with Convocation. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Silberstein, Philip Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright holder University of Western Australia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 files Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UWA ORAL HISTORIES Description An account of the resource A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank">UWA Historical Society</a> to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. <br />The UWA Historical Society’s <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank">Oral History Program</a> started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Western Australia Historical Society Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview John Bannister Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Geoff Soutar Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) Interview 1: 51 minutes, 31 seconds Interview 2: 51 minutes, 33 seconds Total:1 hour, 43 minutes, 4 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 128 kbs Time Summary A summary of an interview given for different time stamps throughout the interview Track 1 00:00:00 Background. Schooling. Rotary Exchange to the US. Coming to UWA commerce and economics. First person to get a degree in economics with a unit in accounting. Fulbright scholarship PhD in 1973. UWA MBA degree. Teaching within the MBA program – 1974-1985. Curtin head of school of management and marketing. Move to Edith Cowan because of UWAA related reasons. VC ECU Roy Lourens. 1999 takes over the director of management. GSM. David Plowman. 00:04:57 Impressions of UWA, on coming to University after school. Family history and education. Importance of tertiary education. Differentiation with undergrad program. Quotas of students in commerce. Atmosphere at university. Kim Beazley, Bob McMullan. Intellectual debates. Paul Hasluck. Common intellectual debate. Barry Humphries. Full time student. Guild and support. Pelican editor thrown in the pond at the library. Bridge games played. 00:10:11 Sense of community. Debate and argument. Ron Peters, Ray Petrides, Robin Gauche, Rony Gabbay. Philip Brown, Peter Longton, Tom Wardle. Perth. Mining boom and nickel boom. Sir Charles Gairdner. The only university in WA. Many people on scholarship reward academic excellence. Costs. Full time vs part time students. 00:15:00 Aims and thoughts of future academic career. Ray Petrides. Honours in economics. Had to go overseas to do a PhD in marketing. The pull of the US to get a world class doctorate. Going to Cornell University. Centre of anti-Vietnam War activities. 00:18:13 The world-scale of the university in the 1970s. Great preparedness – the honours program. Gains brought back to the university. Vithala Rao amazing man supervises doctorate. Marketing research equivalent of the Nobel Prize. Paul Green from the University of Pennsylvania. Exposed to work done at the Bell Labs. Research assistant. Coming back with a unique skill set. 00:22:05 Students go out to the corporate world. UWA in 1983. Low research budget. Aims on return and the new marketing programme. Bruce Stanage. Students do honours in marketing. A strange situation. Erich Fraunschiel Wesfarmers, Pamela Watson Wood Prize, Alex Clark ANU, Devon Wallace, Dhruba Gupta, Andrew Wagstaff of Argyle Diamonds. People that come through the course. Michael Chaney, Robyn Ahern. Financial assistance for financial research. 00:27:30 Teaching qualitative method, no books, no overheads and black board. Algebra. Michael Chaney one of the best MBA students. course outline and the structure. Full time student and the MBA program. Quotas – morning and night classes. Traditional MBA program. Strong foundation. Andre Morkel from South Africa. Takes over the MBA. 00:32:59 Cross-cultural consumer decision making. Cross-cultural MBA. Accounting finance and international student. Sue Saunders. Phil Brown from Chicago. Very US. Looking to Japan. Ground breaking aspect. Writing quantitative method. Popularising the area of research in the area. Research on marketing and management. 00:37:35 UWA giving out to the community. Competitive WAIT business program. Curtin has grown. UWA attracts students at the top end. Relevant to the community. Professional society involvement. Board of the Australian Marketing unit and Chamber of Commerce. Phil Brown survey of business opinion in WA. R&I Bank. Economic activity journal major way to interact with the community. 00:40:10 Consumer behaviour in the 1970s. WA consumer practice relevant to information coming out of the US. Cross-cultural research. Nice part of the changes. Personal values and Shalom Schwartz. UWA more important today. At the front of study. Importance of international students. The centre grows from nothing. Money and resources. The Australian research council and grants and research. Training and computer programs. 00:47:13 Compatibility of computer programs. Slow downloads and the technology of the day. Technology and facilities change. Changes in technology to teaching approaches. Effects of technology on learning participation. Track 2 00:00:00 Seeing UWA nationally – research and respect. The school has unique research, well-respected people. Contributions individuals have made. Development of the research centre and program. Changes. Grants for international conferences. Consequences for researchers at UWA. Quality of the work getting out to the community. Cross-faculty interaction and personal interactions. 00:05:50 Change in the sense of community at UWA. The interfaculty cricket match. Keith Punch plays for the Faculty of Education. The Business school rarely wins. The loss of the tea room. People discuss things at tea. Mrs Scott mother of Bon Scott. Social inspiration on tea break. Trevor Williams. Federal government have caused change to teaching and research. Bureaucracy and the research output. Government reducing red tape. Workloads and workaholics 00:11:44 Interaction and competition between universities. UWA pivot for cross university interaction. Long term relationships. Comparing Curtin and UWA. Risk and infrastructure. Resources and the ‘two horse race’ in WA. Nurturing of the Business School at UWA and Curtin. 00:16:29 Being the researcher and director. Memories of the experience. Quality students. Memories of David Plowman. Other people at the school. Pamela Watson. Memories of Andrew Wagstaff and Tim Mazerol. Research programmes. Dhruba Gupta. Devon Wallace. 00:24:14 Discussion of research. Personal values research – ARC grants. Julie Lee and Jordon Louviere. Benefits of the international conference. Shalom Schwartz and serendipity. Papers and website. Funding grants and dollars raised. 00:29:10 Management of UWA. The growth of the university and systemic issues. Collegial environment in the early days. The university club and a staff club. Senior management and academics. Thoughts of UWA today. WA a crucial part of W.A economy. Ranking UWA. Top group of university internationally. Providing quality for the students. Significant research provided by UWA 00:34:25 Memories of the America’s Cup. CABR. Grove House. Labour of love. Big projects and the benefits to the communication. Foundation Research. Government and Events Corp. Publications community perceived value. New product development. Awards. 00:40:30 Looking at career. Very fortunate and a fortunate life. UWA central to academic life. Reflecting on the Academic Staff Association. Academic working conditions and lack of resources. First industrial award. Terry Quickenden. Connection with the Association. Disbelief that the staff would behave that way. Thoughts of the chancellor. Court government changes the law. Federal court. Outcomes. Superannuation issues and academics. Various related schemes. UWA potentially dying under the costs of the supplementary pension scheme. The 1983 scheme. Staff make money out of the changes. Uni super scheme. Significant decisions being made. UWA as a place for academic staff. Sitting on committees. Seeing UWA’s future. Revolution and evolution. 00:51:33 Audio Files Links to audio files <a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/9bf1e5254b80b6114f93fe5fb0c4a465.mp3">Soutar, Interview 1, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/81b16cf7bfc69cac6206df8cc579dfc9.mp3">Soutar, Interview 1, Track 2</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Geoff Soutar interview, 12 October 2012 Subject The topic of the resource Management Description An account of the resource This is an interview with Winthrop Professor Geoff Soutar who graduated in economics from the University of Western Australia and undertook doctoral training at Cornell University before returning to teach at the UWA, from 1973 to 1986. He was Foundation Professor of Management at Curtin University of Technology from 1986 to 1994 and Executive Dean of the Faculty of Business and Public Management at Edith Cowan University from 1994 until 1999. He was also Director of the Graduate School of Management at UWA. Soutar has been a consultant to a large number of private and public sector organisations in Australia and internationally and has been active in research across a wide area, publishing more than 150 research papers in journals and in book chapters, as well as a number of research monographs, across a wide range of management and marketing areas and presenting more than 300 papers at seminars and conferences. His present research interests include cross-cultural decision-making, new product and service development and the marketing of services, especially educational and tourism services. He has a particular interest in service quality and its impact on organisational success, from which evolved a long-term study of consumption value and its impact on people's willingness to buy and their subsequent satisfaction or dissatisfaction. He outlines his memories of the development of UWA and the Business School in a developing competitive local academic field. He speaks of the international standing of the University and looks to its future. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Soutar, Geoff Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright holder University of Western Australia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 files Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UWA ORAL HISTORIES Description An account of the resource A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank">UWA Historical Society</a> to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. <br />The UWA Historical Society’s <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank">Oral History Program</a> started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Western Australia Historical Society Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview John Bannister Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Fiona Stanley Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) Interview 1: 27 minutes 58 seconds Interview 2: 1 hour, 10 minutes, 43seconds Interview 3: 39 minutes, 56 seconds Total: 2 hours, 18 minutes, 37 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 128 kbs Time Summary A summary of an interview given for different time stamps throughout the interview rack 1 00:00:00 Background Fiona Juliette Stanley. Sydney 1946. Father’s father geologist in PNG. Grandfather’s death. Neville was a great pianist. Mother was artistic. Father’s Adelaide studies. Mother can’t afford to go to university. 00:05:14 Wonderful home life. Brother Richard interested in cytokines and leukaemia. Childhood in Sydney. Hospital, Long Bay gaol, Bunnerong powerhouse, Botany Bay. Seeing children in iron lungs. Soldier settlement infant school. Maroubra junction. No television. Creative mother. Reading book about John Carver scientist in America. Inspired to go into science. 00:08:55 Neville builds a boat. Sailing experiences. Inspired to vaccinate the natives. Coming to WA in 1956. Non-medical scientist and Lindsay Hensel. Neville Stanley has a live polio vaccine before Sabin. Annie Get Your Gun phase. Experiences of sailing on the Kanimbla ship coming to WA. Experience of staying at the Highway Hotel. 00:13:04 University houses in Monash Avenue. Professors meet at Monash Avenue. Professors’ families get to know each other. Support group. The academic community and excitement setting up a medical school. Male professors except Mary Lockett. Camaraderie. The university was a playground. Joan Pope and Muriel Stanley set up the Children’s Activity Time Society. Productions in the sunken gardens. Memories of Joan Pope. The Somerville Auditorium opera and Kings in Grass Castles. Mary Durack Miller. The Festival of Perth. 00:18:10 Thoughts of going to university. Choosing to do medicine while parents were on study leave. Unsure of self as an adolescent. Confidence. Mother was not supportive. Rebellion. Inspired by Marie Curie and Albert Schweitzer. Humanitarian interest in doing medicine. 00:22:15 Experiences of UWA. Medical students sequestered. Memories of first year science. Mixing with everybody. Elitism. Memories of the women in the course. Feeling abnormal. Experience of 1st year. 2nd year was not so free. 3 and 4th year off at the clinical course. 00:26:00 Creating own electives. Enjoying ambience of the University. Organ installed at Winthrop Hall. The New Fortune Theatre. Love of sitting in the library and looking out to Whitfield court. Creating electives. Unqualified nursing aide. The flying doctor run. Track 2A 00:00:00 Foundation professors. Playing with Simmons and Lugg. Gordon King. Cecil B De Kidd. Mary Lockett, dealing with women as the opposite sex. Cecil Lewis and clowning. Normal extraordinary people. Era of radical eccentric people. 00:03:36 Macdonald inspires. Child in the family, family in the nation and the nation in the world. Global sense of child health. Bill Macdonald has no pretensions. Memories of Rolf ten Seldam wonderful Dutchman. Professors King, Lewis, Rolf ten Seldam do stints in foreign developing countries. Kingsley Mortimer missionary. Anatomy subject for the plodder. Outrageous and radical. 00:07:00 Neville coping with setting up the Medical School. Basic science and understanding. Snobbish arrogance. Debate and robust charting out of the territories. The Vice Chancellor reputation. Foresight and vision. Jim Crawley and Griffith and the medical school. Untrained nursing aid and other electives. Volunteers and the Busselton survey. Bill Curnow and Kevin Cullen. Memories of the PNG experience. Brenda Payne ex-pat devoting life to PNG. 3rd world experience and setting up a blood bank. Remote tribal experiences. 00:12:50 Covering the obstetric ward. Experience of false breach birth. Appreciating the pathways to child health. Prevention and global health. Future direction. The effect of experience to PNG. 00:16:04 Kevin Cullen and his importance to students. Putting the students into clinical science. Choosing Kevin Cullen for general practice. Advice given by Kevin Cullen. Second top of the medical school. Reputation of the university. Track 2B 00:00:00 Student community. University Camp for Kids club. Women didn’t go to Steve’s pub. Being exposed to children of different backgrounds. Activities bring students together and campus in the community. PROSH stunts. Lawrence of Arabia. Person ‘jumps’ off the Winthrop tower. Student magazine Reflex. Cementing activities of university life. 40th reunions. Warm rich experiences. 00:06:00 Sense of eccentricity. Alan Rosen. Vivisection and Brian Stokes. Lucky to go through medicine then. Coming of the end of university experience and heading off to a career. Black power movement. Aboriginal problems on missions, Kundalee to Kalumburu. 3% aboriginal intake in medicine. Aboriginal child health. Dissatisfied in paediatrics. Setting off around the world. Meeting husband. Working in Ireland and London in tropical health. 00:13:30 Lights turn on for helping children. Influence Cullen and Rolf Ten Seldam. Influential study of aboriginal people. Debating of appalling conditions. Reputation of UWA. Bringing back ideas and skill to WA. Taught by Geoff Rose, Morris, Eva Alberman. Mentors open their networks. Zena Stein. Role models and generous people. International club. Importance of education in London. 00:18:35 Research foundation, NHMRC, peri natal, epidemiology, childhood monitoring system, databases, Bruce Armstrong, Lucien Coleman. 00:23:50 Memories of Michael Hobbs. Exciting time and success in grant funding. Inviting people to talk about Cerebral Palsy, Pre Term Births. Top international interaction Internationalisation. Cerebral Palsy and Pre Term Birth registry. Getting known pioneering epidemiology analysis of Cerebral Palsy. Reasons for brain damage in children. 00:28:25 Isolation and internationalisation. Doing good things with data. Feeling valued by the community. Consumer and community activity. Feeling humbled. Telethon Institute and philanthropic people like Cruthers. Memories of Telethon and funding. Amazing community activity. Hope and the success of the institute. 00:34:50 UWA in the community more. Students in the Pilbara. Enormous community problems and a community support. Letting down the community. Influence of UWA and Robert Manne and public intellectuals. Over bureaucratisation and the growth of problems at UWA. Population health and brainstorming sessions. Encouraging people. 00:39:45 Alcohol and youth. Social issues. Problems for aboriginal people. Data and university and collaboration and rivalry. Setting up networks. Rational and moral response. Heyday at UWA. Investment in people. Vibrant middle career group of people. 00:43:05 Tony Baston and recruiting to UWA. Reasons for success of recruiting to WA. Telethon and health database. Public support and institutes and university. Centres and measures of success. Sense of opportunity. Future of Western Australia and the Festival of Perth. Institute’s symposium on children’s brain cancer. Creaming off the top. Asia and collaboration. Pioneering and Alan Robson. Robson works tirelessly. Importance of support. The university and international rankings. research vision of the biggest and the best. International networks recruiting. University for this time. Privatisation and the focus on excellence. Emulating University of Melbourne. Track 3 00:00:00 Audrey Little the albino child psychologist. Sets up child pre-school. People play pranks on her. Influence cohort after cohort. Carmen Lawrence. Infamous Harry Waring. Research on quokkas. Teachers that make learning fun. 00:04:20 John Papadimitriou bounces into lecture theatre. People taught empathy. George Castell and Lex Cohen were very patient-oriented. Outstanding people. Research alliance. Bob Hawke and John Howard. Science council. Paul Keating. Surviving the post Howard period. Achievements. 00:08:45 Australian Research Alliance Children and Youth. ARACY. PIMSIEC. Investing in children. Children and youth on the agenda. Convincing the Prime Minister. Only country in the world to have information on children. Tool for change and monitoring. 00:11:30 Data for science. Passion for having the best data. Major impact. Very proud. The tsunami working group. Disappointed in the lack of Labor Government support. Research with Michael Hobbs, Cullen, Bruce Armstrong. Epidemiology and Preventative medicine at UWA winds up. Setting up the institute. Fabulous contribution. Getting a major grant to set up the institute. 00:15:40 Discussion on the institute and databases. Pat Holt. PMH. Ursula Kees. Group working on the major problems affecting kids. Missing clinical and medical health research. Issues with mental health problems are getting into centre stage. Re-writing population mental health problems. Wayne Thomas. Peter Sly. Offering fame and poverty. Clinical research in the institute. 00:19:05 Pat Holt working on rats and humans. The Raine cohort. Institute leaving a major legacy. The growth of QE2 and PMH embedded together. Focusing on the genetic causes of disease. Making sense of genetic information and environmental triggers. Stepping down. Part of a team working together. Institute must become a major player. Translating information without harming people. 00:24:30 Awards companion of Order of Australia. Invested by a hero Sir William Deane. Centenary Medal and Australian of the Year. Children and youth on the agenda. Major issues. Promoting important issues. Aboriginal support. 00:28:56 Changes in disparity between Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal people. Advancing the positive aspects of empowerment. Strong culture and low health problems. Closing of ATSIC. Strict financial controls. Aboriginal people and June Oscar. Aboriginal people know the problems. 00:33:41 Australian living treasure. On a stamp. Princess Anne and Fiona Stanley. Legends on the stamp. Running in a relay. Awards and relating and reflecting on UWA. Research and highly regarded institutions. University and bureaucracy. Investment in education. Climate change has fallen off the agenda. A centre of knowledge and place to debate ideas. Best preparations to participate in a civil society. Must become strong advocates. Looking back and winding up. Very lucky. Audio Files Links to audio files <a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/36c3d4d42cbb40db7a9423f451b85c42.mp3">Stanley, Interview 1, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/6c3395c67680be2b2918550296e4ab7a.mp3">Stanley, Interview 1, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/a87f7a3ac9f773bcd2db1f3fbb826650.mp3">Stanley, Interview 1, Track 3</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/f8f5f3479451895f3b2cd2365ecc4774.mp3">Stanley, Interview 1, Track 4</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Fiona Stanley interview, 12 March 2013 Subject The topic of the resource Medicine Description An account of the resource During this interview Fiona Stanley discusses her career and experience of the University of Western Australia. As a child, inspired by her upbringing and her father, Neville Stanley, who was a researcher on polio, Fiona aimed to sail away to assist indigenous people on far away islands helping to cure them of disease. In 1956 the family moved to Western Australia from Sydney when Stanley's father took the Foundation Chair of Microbiology. She went to school at St Hilda’s before studying Medicine at the University of Western Australia, graduating in 1970. In the 1970s she worked in the paediatrics clinic at Perth's Children's Hospital. She worked with sick aboriginal children, travelling, to “every mission camp, reserve and fringe-dwelling group in Western Australia.” It was through this process that she aimed to better understand health issues and the impact of life chances and living conditions on children. She traveled and studied overseas in Ireland and London England, before coming back to Perth Western Australia inspired. She helped set up a pioneering database in maternal and child health with the likes of Professor Michael Hobbs. She was instrumental in better understanding population health and causes and prevention of cerebral palsy. She is the founding Director of the Telethon Institute for Child Health Research, which has received major funding from Telethon. In 2002, largely as a result of her lobbying, Prime Minister Howard launched the Australian Research Alliance for Children and Youth (ARACY) of which she is Chairperson. She was named Australian of the Year in 2003. A planned hospital, Fiona Stanley Hospital, named in her honour, will open in 2014. Throughout the interview she draws on the colourful experiences that she had at the University of WA, both as student and a member of staff. She recollects numerous influential people that she was exposed to at the University. Fiona is convinced of the importance that universities play in education and the community at large and speaks of current UWA standing on the international academic stage. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Stanley, Fiona Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright holder University of Western Australia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 files Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UWA ORAL HISTORIES Description An account of the resource A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank">UWA Historical Society</a> to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. <br />The UWA Historical Society’s <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank">Oral History Program</a> started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Western Australia Historical Society Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Gillian Gallagher Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Miriam Stannage Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 54 minutes, 47 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 128 kbs Time Summary A summary of an interview given for different time stamps throughout the interview 0.00 Introduction 0.35 Statement of name, date and place of birth. Early childhood in Northam where father was an Anglican priest and mother came from farming family in the area. Moved to Perth at the age of six; boarding at Perth College. Impressions of life as a weekly boarder, life as a student. Memories of enjoying drawing geometry diagrams. 3.29 Art classes at Perth College, memories of one art teacher in particular – Robert Juniper. Place of art at home and childhood memories of father’s interest in art; mother’s creativity. 5.44 Left school at 15, did secretarial course while waiting to do nursing. Did two out of three years of nursing, decided not to pursue it as a career. Spent a year in Canberra as matron in boarding school. Returned to Perth and further office jobs. 8.17 1961: first overseas trip. Visited galleries with friends. Traveled to Canada, worked in a variety of jobs. Went to New York from Canada, visited several exhibitions. Photographed Guernica – strong memory of difficulty of photographing large scale work. Traveled from east coast of Canada to west coast by train. 10.35 Returned to Perth, 1962. More office work. Friends encouraged participation in adult education art classes at University of Western Australia. First teacher was William Boissevain. One of earliest paintings was of reflections in pool beside Undercroft. Continued adult education classes with Henry Froudist in Howard St, Perth, later on in a building on the corner of Milligan St and Hay St. Spent many years learning to paint with Henry Froudist, a Polish artist. Froudist inspired Miriam with idea of art as a commitment. Very encouraging of her work. Portrait classes held on Saturday mornings: sitters consisted of well known Perth entities including John Farnsworth Hall, Professor Ida Mann, Elizabeth Durack. Beginnings of idea that art could become a lifetime pursuit, encouraged by both Froudist and parents. 15.36 1967, established own gallery, the Rhode Gallery in Shenton Park. Showed young WA artists: Geoffrey Wake, Edith McNamara. Guy Grey Smith very supportive. Miriam not good at sales – too busy painting at back of gallery. Contemporary Society of Arts started in mid 60s. Guy Grey Smith president – organized interstate exhibitions. Members included John Tonkinson, Bill Hawthorn, Philippa O’Brian. Miriam was secretary of CSA. 17.47 Taking over Guy Grey Smith’s art therapy classes at Sir Charles Gairdner Hospital and Heathcote. Guy Grey Smith and Miriam put up posters around the hospitals – this was before hospitals had acquisitions programs. Miriam was teaching and running her gallery at same time. Rhode Gallery named after father’s village in Northern Ireland. Gallery closed in 1967, taken over by Hesling Archer. Miriam continued to put her art into competitions. 20.38 1970: won Albany Art Prize, judged by Professor Bernard Smith, leading to seven month stay in Paris and use of studio there. Produced body of work in Paris, largely experimental, influenced by Victor Vasarely, Bridget Riley, American abstract painters. Enjoyed exhibitions in Paris, particularly one of frescoes from Florence. Lived and worked very near Notre Dame, attended free concerts there. Church music and choral music part of her background – mother used to be pianist and organist. Saw Chagall at a Matisse exhibition. Did several drawings in the underground – fascinated by perspective of people against large wall posters. Regrets not bringing more work back to Perth. May have destroyed too many of her own works. Travelled to London, visited places where Constable had painted. 27.10 Returned to Perth, more part time work; offered night time teaching classes at various technical colleges. Earlier solo show, 1969, at Old Fire Station. Rie Heymans very supportive of WA artists – very important figure in art world. Exhibiting at UWA in group exhibitions; first solo show at UWA in 1976 in Nolan Room. 29.08 Beginnings of interstate exhibitions in Melbourne and Sydney, starting with Tolarno Galleries in Melbourne. Works included crisscross writing series as well as large paintings of Kodak slides. Origins of crisscross writing series and treatment of different subjects. Post Paris paintings – used the grays, sunlight and shadows of Paris. 31.35 Paris a turning point – felt she could develop own voice from that point. Influenced by ideas of conceptual movement, but not particular styles. Support from key people in art world – Patrick McCaughey, Charles and Barbara Blackman. 33.22 1980, married Tom Gibbons. Met Tom through Rie Heymans. Very different backgrounds. Both interested in the everyday. Tom interested in pop art, Miriam more interested in landscape. Complimentary way of working together. Interest in photography rekindled following visit to exhibition in Venice in 1979 with Tom. Had previously developed black and white prints in her teens. ‘Swung over’ to photography for several years. Printed her own work – created dark room in bathroom. 37.10 Late 80s: bush survival course. Wanted to relate to Australian landscape. Memories of survival course. Loved getting into the landscape. Survival course triggered ideas for photographic works as well as paintings. Fascinated by disasters of Australian outback – bushfires, floods, cyclones. Earlier photographs to do with history, newspapers; flood motif strong in painting. Many works relate to religion, biblical stories. Stations of the Cross shown at Art Gallery of Western Australia (AGWA). Viewers see different things, regardless of religion. Religious background part of identity. Wide use of Christian symbols. Reviews of her work - neither agrees nor disagrees with them. Work not visually the same, even though themes are the same. 43.54 1990: bought campervan, loved going off on her own. Work from this period about looking at ground, not broader views. Looks at evidence of human existence on the ground. Telescope in campervan. Belonged to astronomy group. Mesmerised by beauty of stars, subtlety of colours. 47.11 2000: Artist in Residence, Kellerberrin, through International Art Space (formerly IASKA). Kellerberrin near grandfather’s property at Tammin. Connection between people who started IASKA at Kellerberrin and grandfather’s farm. Felt at home in the town. Grandfather had given land for Tammin cemetery. Stations of the Cross series put up in church at Easter. 49.20 Key exhibitions: 1989 AGWA survey show (Perception 1969-1989), John Stringer’s comment; 2006, John Curtin Gallery, Curtin University; major show of photographs - Words in the Landscape, Lawrence Wilson Gallery, 1993. Impressed with professionalism of all the people involved in mounting her exhibitions. Forthcoming exhibition at Lawrence Wilson Gallery – in 2016 – to deal with work of previous 10 years. 52.00 Currently working with photography, security series – to do with vision. Began with home burglary. Origins of focus on sight/seeing things – Froudist’s influence. Greatest artistic influences – mixed lot – Turner, Giotto; Mondrian, Magritte. Audio Files Links to audio files <a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/66b919e26ef8d46d4b7689760afd730a.mp3">Stannage, Interview 1, Track 1</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Miriam Stannage interview, 18 December 2014 Subject The topic of the resource Art Description An account of the resource Miriam Helen Stannage was born in 1939 in Northam, where her father was the Anglican priest. Her mother came from a farming family in the area. At the age of five, the family moved to Perth, where Miriam attended Perth College as a weekly boarder. She recalls one particular art teacher at Perth College – Robert Juniper – and as a child, remembers her father’s strong interest in art. In later years, her parents were very encouraging of her art practice. After leaving school, Miriam did secretarial and nursing training and traveled overseas. On her return to Perth she began evening art classes with William Boissevain, then Henry Froudist, while supporting herself with secretarial work. In 1965 she opened her own gallery, the Rhode Gallery, and formed the Contemporary Art Society with Guy Grey Smith. After winning the Albany Art Prize in 1970, Miriam took up the offer of the use of a studio space in Paris, where she lived and worked for several months. That experience was a key turning point in her art practice, and could be seen as the springboard for the development of her future work. She has exhibited extensively since opening the Rhode Gallery, in both solo and group exhibitions in Western Australia and nationally. In 1990 Miriam bought a campervan and telescope. For several years she traveled throughout the state on her own, painting and using photography to create works, while developing her interest in the night sky. The Art Gallery of Western Australia held a retrospective of her works in 1989 entitled Perception 1969-1989. In 2006 the John Curtin Gallery at Curtin University presented an exhibition of her work from 1989 to 2006 called Sensations. A retrospective of her work from the last 10 years is to be held at the Lawrence Wilson Gallery in 2016. Miriam cites Turner, Giotto, Magritte and Mondrian as key artistic influences. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Stannage, Miriam Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright holder University of Western Asutralia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 files Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UWA ORAL HISTORIES Description An account of the resource A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank">UWA Historical Society</a> to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. <br />The UWA Historical Society’s <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank">Oral History Program</a> started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Western Australia Historical Society Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview John Bannister Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Walter Stern Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) Interview 1: 51 minutes, 42 seconds Interview 2: 54 minutes, 37 seconds Interview 3: 1 hour, 2 minutes, 3 seconds Total: 2 hours, 48 minutes, 22 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 128 kbs Time Summary A summary of an interview given for different time stamps throughout the interview Track 1 00:00:00 Introduction. Walter Stern - born in Cairo 3 Sept. 1927. Background career outline: Sydney University agriculture 1949, AIAS, CSIRO, Katherine Research Station. PhD Adelaide. Underwood and Agricultural Departments at UWA. Professor Holdsworth. Department of Soil Science, Agronomy, Animal Science, Agricultural Economics. Attracted to the West and the potential for agriculture. 00:06:30 Underwood asks WS to consider the chair at UWA. Ralph Slayter. Ralph and ANU. Discussions of career and UWA. Underwood interviews Stern. Impressions of UWA. Complicated study on the Ord River development. John Brody. CSIRO on campus. Facilities at UWA on arrival. Paper bags and mice. Securing money from Fielders. John Millington’s standing in the agriculture community. Underwood and the Federal Wheat Council. Reduced grants and field stations. 00:14:00 Fielders and the donation of money to UWA. Concern in agricultural press. Underwood has some concerns. Money and appointments. Study and plant breeding. John Gladstone’s clover breeding. Hank Greenway and teaching and field work. Waterlogging and salinity. Noel Thurling, a Melbourne graduate, good at guiding students. Personal aims for the department. Working on the most practical problems at the most scientific level. Doing field and laboratory work. Building up equipment at the University. 00:21:06 Using and administering funds obtained from grants. The minimum standard at UWA. Departments vary considerably. Establishing recognition for the Agricultural Department. Underwood Dean of the Faculty and Director of the Institute. Numbers at UWA. Impressions of Underwood. Regrettable aspects of Underwood’s character. Andrew Stuart memorial lecture. 00:27:17 Strong interest in field work. Examples of field stations. Superintendent of field stations. UWA science and the farming community. Learning about the farming community. Changes in climate patterns. Farmers’ concerns. ICI sowing practice. Farm advisers. Henry Shepherd. Links at various levels. Working on farming committees. Impressions of the concerns of farmers in WA. Waterlogging and infertility. Great disappointments and Jim Quirk and joint supervision. Students and technical assistants and learning. 00:36:11 Inheriting the clover breeding programme. Striving for improvements in yield. Discussion of Greenway, Thurling and Marcus Blacklow and Ralph Sedgley. Avoiding position of Dean. Views of UWA academic standing in the field of agronomy. 00:42:57 International standing. Getting people to come to University. Fellowships. Sir Joseph Hutchison. Improvements in University’s international standing. PhD students from interstate. Serving on the PhD and Research committee. Harry Webb zoology. Mike Buckingham. Agricultural Education Committee report. Education of farmers’ sons and daughters. Haydon Williams, Noel Fitzpatrick, Sir Don Eckersley, and Noel Monks. Track 2 00:00:00 Quality of students and attracting students. Staff/student ratio. Friends, relationships and community at UWA. Changes. Review of courses and procedures. The student/client situation. 00:07:50 Reading from book Agriculture in Western Australia by Burvill. Discussion of writing and the responsibility to managing landscape. Students qualified to handle growing problems. Close association with the UWA and the producer - farmer. Geoff Gallop government reviews. Shifts in the partnership between the University and the Department of Agriculture. 00:14:36 Involvements with research and PhD Promotions and scholarship committee. Underwood and higher degrees. Chairman in the PhD committee including Harry Waring, Mike Buckingham. Secretaries and organisation. John Ross. Committee requires enormous amount of detailed work for quality etc. 00:21:10 Examples of the over-bureaucratisation of UWA and academic life. Changes. Chancellor. Two Vice Chancellors stand out: Prescott and Robson. 00:27:40 Promotions committee. Peter Tannock (Notre Dame University) and Don Watts (Curtin University). Robson going up for promotion. 00:33:20 Scholarships committee. Jim Quirk the faculty mile runner. New deal for agriculture. Finding funds. John Millington and Jack Lonergan in Soil Department. Stern’s approach in creating department. Memories of Reg Moir. 00:44:54 Sense of camaraderie at the University has changed. The University treated Moir very badly. Moir’s promotion to chair. Underwood’s failings. Andy Stewart runs the show. Underwood and community funding. Rural Reconstructions Report. Memories of Underwood’s reputation and big failing. Continuity in a faculty in disarray. Stability with David Lindsay. Track 3 00:00:00 Staffing situation and the Department of Agronomy. John Millington, Gladstones, Roger Boyd. Clover wheat, Lupin and Barley. Money scrounged from farmers groups by Underwood. Erwin Watson. Variety of Gamenya, Hybrid of Gabo, Mendos and Yalta. Cereal breeding. Environment, plant physiology and crop improvement. 00:05:42 Gladstones leaves the university. Gladstones’ breeding programs are under threat. Gladstones’ work ethos. Boyd’s attitude to Walter Stern. Commercial firms and the science of breeding. Plant variety rights - a commercial proposition. Boyd and PhD students. 00:11:15 Gladstones and Noel Thurling. Sedgley and environmental studies at Merredin. Technical equipment and study at Merredin Research Station. Fitzpatrick the climatologist and Marcus Blacklow. Blacklow and weed ecology. 00:15:55 Experiences of sabbatical in Cambridge plant breeding institute in 1973. Michael Kirby. Bringing back techniques learned. Margaret Thatcher and funding cuts in Britain. 00:21:40 Brian Trenbath and discussion of WASP wheat and sheep pasture. Computing and technology. Editor of Forage and Fuel Production from Salt Affected Waste Lands. 00:29:00 Seeing the University’s work benefits the producers and the wider community. International grant from UNESCO. Cunderdin seminar 1984. University work and the lot of the producers. Hank Greenway and salinity. Clive Malcolm. Rewriting international papers. Attracting students from elsewhere. Sending students out to study elsewhere. 00:35:30 Benjawan Rerkasen – honours student - one of the most travelled and sought-after people. Discussion of other PhD students from around the world. Ephraim Whingwiri. 00:42:05 UWA’s isolation and the world wide network. Interactions mentioned. Changes to the sabbatical system. Discussion of the Malaysian experience. Australian Asian University Co-operation Scheme. 00:55:12 The Faculty today and the Department of Agriculture. The function of government and research. The finest Department of Agriculture in Australia. People in the department very capable. Retirement and expansion of the department. The university activity has changed. Interactions with PhD students. Final words. 01:02:03 Audio Files Links to audio files <a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/b5c7a4c673f76ae3daaac0bd5b8943b2.mp3">Stern, Interview 1, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/b9a6e5ccae92cf60cda39574d08a8014.mp3">Stern, Interview 1, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/01b105708819e3a488e205a4370a312a.mp3">Stern, Interview 1, Track 3</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Walter Stern interview, 30 May 2012 Subject The topic of the resource Agriculture Description An account of the resource This is an interview with Emeritus Professor Walter Stern. Born in Egypt in 1927, Walter traveled to Australia with his family during World War Two. The family lived in Sydney and Walter was educated at North Sydney primary school, New England University College and Sydney University. He worked for the CSIRO in Katherine during the 1950s and Waite Agricultural Research Institute Adelaide, and in the Kimberley during the 1960s. He was appointed Foundation Professor in Agronomy at the University of Western Australia in 1969. During the interview Walter discusses numerous topics relating to his career in the field of agriculture. He speaks of his career at the University of WA between 1969 and 1991. He recalls the important work of people associated with the Faculty of Agriculture at UWA, including Professor Eric Underwood, Professor David Lindsay and Professor Reg Moir among others. He served on numerous committees including the CSIRO State Committee and chaired the Agricultural Education Committee and the Research Committee. Walter felt that it was important for the University to have connections to the farming community and worked extensively in the field and was involved in coordinating numerous research stations throughout the state. Walter relates many stories associated with his experience at UWA from work he conducted and oversaw, to his aims for the direction of agriculture at the University. He gives his impressions of the direction the University has taken in a competitive academic playing field and speaks of the sense of community he experienced working at UWA. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Stern, Walter Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright holder University of Western Australia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 files Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UWA ORAL HISTORIES Description An account of the resource A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank">UWA Historical Society</a> to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. <br />The UWA Historical Society’s <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank">Oral History Program</a> started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Western Australia Historical Society Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview John Bannister Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Ann Tarca Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) Interview 1: 53 minutes, 27 seconds Interview 2: 56 minutes, 11 seconds Interview 3: 9 minutes, 58 seconds Total: 1 hour, 59 minutes, 36 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 128 kbs Time Summary A summary of an interview given for different time stamps throughout the interview Track 1 00:00:00 Ann Tarca born in Perth 1955. Family background. Mother was unusual and was educated at Perth Modern School. Influence to come to university. Muriel Bird. Mother’s job as speech and drama teacher. Mother’s career. 00:04:20 Love of learning and reading – memories of school. No links to private school; University of privilege. Coming to the University to see theatre. Festival of Perth. Mother was modest. AMEB. Trinity College London. Exams held at AMEB. Natural progression to go to University. 00:07:15 Window to the world. Contemporary terms 14 year old different then. No technology. Life revolved around family. Australian newspaper. Max Harris and Phillip Adams. Going to the theatre and connecting with the world. University was the connection to the arts and the world. Life growing up. Aspirations of the family and mother’s influence. 00:10:23 Coming to the university to study writing and literature. Passion was literature and words. Ambitions. Being able to come to university. Commonwealth scholarship. No fees – given funds. Seismic shift. Teacher Raymond Omodei was big in theatre. Studying arts at UWA. Options for women. Striking out to study economics. 00:14:30 Transition from high school to university not such a smooth situation. Sense of community. Whitlam a time for change. Sitting on the Reid Library Wall. Culture. Realities of coming to university. Interests at university and the atmosphere. Money and transport. Passing and failing. Economics course. Mathematics and stats. 00:19:50 Inspiration. Leaving and returning to study accounting. Sensible planning. Studying anthropology. Working full-time and studying part-time. Phil Hancock. Meeting interesting people: Terry Walter, Richard Fale. Transformed person. Appreciating the people. Accounting major. Big classes. Not knowing the lecturer. Strong presence of women. Lots of overseas students. Ruth Johnson. 00:24:14 Real interest in management. Ruth Johnson’s story. The passion for what she did – standing up for the rights of working people. Thought and direction for self and future career. Thoughts of doing law. 00:26:43 Differences. Inspiring people. Looking for work. Working in an accounting firm. Marriage. Working part-time. Teaching in Karratha. Coming back to Perth. Enjoying teaching. Connection at Curtin. Husband’s encouragement to come to UWA. Loyalties and personal random choice. Accounting. 00:32:00 Reputation of UWA. Aim to work at UWA enrolling in a master’s course. UWA: premier university. Murdoch and Curtin. Lack of knowledge. Calibre of Curtin. Philip Brown. Experiences of coming back to UWA in 1996. Differences. Personal success. Enrolling in Masters of Industrial Relations. 00:36:57 Break from study. Doors open and random events. Lack of networking. Engaging with cohort and lecturers. Izan head of department of finance. Changes. Philip Brown. Dropping finance units. Ian Scarnon. Finance and accounting units. Experience of Phillip Brown. Passionate patient encouraging person. Accountants are not mathematicians. Experience of working in accounting in 1980s. 00:42:55 Challenges and encouragement. Research methods. Tutoring in finance. Scholars stand out. International accounting standards. Accounting standards and experience of research. Brian Howieson. Masters and PhD. 00:46:40 Academic career and research. Higher degrees. Masters reading and writing. Research. Teaching. Changes between staff and student observed. Campus and university experience. Overseas students. Huge classes in 1996. Commerce and engineering. Sense of community in accounting finance. Staff member – Mark Holub. Credit to Izan. Help from other staff. Meetings and integration. Serious career move and focus. Supporting people. Brian Howieson, David Woodliff and collegiality. Publishing and researching. Track 2 00:00:00 Talking about Izan. Head of department Accounting & Finance. Reputation – Dr Ken Clements. The group with Izan and Philip Brown leading was emerging. Setting up Accounting & Finance. Large numbers training and supervising. Everybody speaks highly of Izan. Teaching supervising and administering. Mature age PhD. 00:05:30 Returning to reading, writing and presenting. Seminar at the University of Queensland. University presenting itself to other institutions. High standards. Engagement with international colleagues. 00:09:00 Identifying research areas. Thesis and Masters programme. Things learned from colleagues. Publishing a defining element in an academic career. Accounting theory and of international accounting standards. Important career development. Marketing of work. Academic community. Winning awards. Technology. Research impact. Getting paper published. Impact factor of a journal. 00:15:15 Most impacting changes in the school. Connection with the library and online databases. Effect of technology on personal work. International accounting standards. 2005 good outward focus. Looking to other Universities worldwide. Rising up the ranks at UWA by demonstrating international impact. Sabbatical year. New set of interests and ideas. 00:19:50 Important areas that need to be addressed. Laws are entrenched in accounting and industry. International accounting standards. US litigious place compared to Australia. Seeing departments interacting in the campus and beyond. Business School connected to the community. Business School looking to the future connection and linkage grants. Drawing from the business community in Perth. 00:24:33 Connections with Ernst & Young. Learning and practice. Contributing to linking the University to the community. The University being seen by the community. Strategy and structural changes enable travel. Support for academics at UWA. Increasing pressures on academics. Money that is available. Resources and decisions that affect the Business School. A disconnect with the big organisation and academics. 00:30:17 Alan Robson. Calibre of academics. Alan Robson’s vision for the University. Barry Marshall and his experiments. Career-defining moment. Making self American. Staying true to self. University going up the ranks. 00:35:20 Interaction with other countries. UWA and Japan and China. Raymond Da Silva Rosa. Accounting and Finance collaborate. Connecting with people at conferences. Visits by David Yermack. Converging views to accounting standards: views from Japan. People doing a lot with very little. Successful grant applications. Needing international input. Mr Kaniko from Japan. 00:40:25 The grand slam of accounting presentations. United States and Australian grand slam. Converging accounting and drawing people in from other countries. Japan Switzerland, New Zealand, England. One on one relations and collaborations. Accounting theory 7th edition. 00:42:16 Being head of discipline. Future needs and reflections on Accounting and Finance – not attracting the best. Jean Paul Carvalho. Exporting people onto the world stage. Attracting people into accounting. Major problems with attracting people. Issues of the baby boom bump. Attracting people to the academic world. Things have gone badly wrong. Support from the accounting profession. Teaching is a skill. Teaching is more professional – the skills of teaching. 00:48:48 Drying up of student numbers. Australia benefits enormously from Asia. The goose that laid the golden egg. Big university online university courses. lectures and the engaging of students. Students opting out. Education is about being in a room and debating. Virtual world vs. interaction with people. Challenges to deliver materials and engaging students. Resource pressure. Good quality staff. Benefits of classes on line. Cohort of students that will do the minimum. Track 3 00:00:00 Concerns and encouraging and supporting and fostering the staff. Conflicting goals. Business School money going elsewhere. Student numbers. Vicky Karagiannis and people in the service role. Close relationships in the supporting role. Competing objectives. Multiple goals. Being good corporate citizens and connecting in the community. Teaching and research. Research and teaching pressures with large student numbers. Taking resources away from the Business School. 00:05:17 Going ahead and attracting people and money. Asking for transparency and equity. Recognition. Business schools used as a cash cow. Addressing competing goals. Working 7 days a week. Looking back over student days and staff member. Fan of UWA. Proud of the University’s achievements. Punching above weight. Proud of the quality of the students. Academic staff are guiding and bringing out the best of students. Feelings of privilege. 00:09:58 Audio Files Links to audio files <a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/ab3051c0dec29f0980bb156e7fb52398.mp3">Tarca, Interview 1, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/52ecdf7a33bc98cd76a2687966ef3809.mp3">Tarca, Interview 1, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/b54eab99a12aadb232b72fce802c7bae.mp3">Tarca, Interview 1, Track 3</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Ann Tarca interview, 5 October 2012 Subject The topic of the resource Accounting and Finance Description An account of the resource This is an interview with Ann Tarca who studied at the University of Western Australia later qualifying as a chartered accountant. She worked in the state public service in Karratha and taught at Karratha College before returning to UWA where she obtained her Master of Accounting and PhD. Ann’s teaching interests include financial accounting and she is a co-author of the leading accounting textbook Godfrey, Hodgson, Holmes and Tarca (2006) Accounting Theory 6th Edition. Ann’s research focuses on international accounting, the adoption of international accounting standards and the regulation of financial reporting, particularly the harmonisation and enforcement of reporting requirements at an international level. She has published in well recognised international and Australian journals and has an author ranking in the world’s top 2% on the Social Sciences Research Network database. Career highlights include holding one of the inaugural KPMG/IAAER research grants (for a project on reporting financial performance) and winning the Blackwell’s/Synergy Award for the most downloaded paper in the Journal of International Financial Management and Accounting in 2006 and 2007 for her 2004 paper entitled “International convergence of accounting practices: Choosing between IAS and US GAAP”. During the interview Ann talks of the development of her career. She speaks of the changes that she has seen to the University of Western Australia. The focus of the discussion is how she has seen the running of the Business School and the department of Accounting and Finance. She speaks at length of the University’s international standing and where she sees its future approaching its 100th anniversary. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tarca, Ann Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright holder University of Western Australia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 files Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UWA ORAL HISTORIES Description An account of the resource A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank">UWA Historical Society</a> to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. <br />The UWA Historical Society’s <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank">Oral History Program</a> started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Western Australia Historical Society Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Julia Wallis Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Bob Tonkinson Location The location of the interview Nedlands, W.A. Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) Interview 1: 1 hour, 49 minutes, 23 seconds Interview 2: 1 hour, 25 minutes, 43 seconds Total: 3 hours, 15 minutes, 6 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 128 kbs Time Summary A summary of an interview given for different time stamps throughout the interview Interview 1: 17 April 2013 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:30 Track 2 00:00 Robert Tonkinson. Born 12 September 1938. Grew up in Mosman Park. Parents migrated to WA in 1926. Schooled Mosman Park primary and then Claremont High School. 02:09 Did Junior Certificate. Attended Perth Modern School where he did leaving certificate and matriculation. Encouraged and keen to go onto university. Got all 7 subjects 04:09 Influence of older brother – encouraged him to play tennis and hockey and take up teaching as a career. Full time at UWA. Missed second “B” mark by half a per cent. Had to go back part time instead of full time. 06:56 Taught for 3 years (1958-1960) at Harvey Junior High School. Main subject was geography. Started a hockey association which was very successful. 08:24 Came back and taught at John Curtin High School in the Princess Mary Annexe and went to UWA lectures after school. Studied Anthropology in his second year back. It was a new subject. Interested in people rather than things. Ronald and Catherine Berndt taught a mixture of Anthropology and Sociology. 11:00 Strong tradition to work in a different culture. Research experience of Ron and Catherine. She was from NZ and he was from SA. Very successful department. 12:09 Anthropology raises cultural awareness. A practical side to the subject. Applied Anthropology used by multi-national companies to assist in business dealings with different cultures today. 13:43 Hooked by the 3rd year and began to understand the principles. Learned to touch type and typed up lecture notes which assisted his learning. Urged by Ron Berndt to do Honours. Very supportive of his students. Got a 1st Class in Honours and did field work in the South West. Studied Noongars working on farms in Narrogin. Found field work hard and embarrassing. Interviewed Noongars and farmers. Wrote about the patterns of movement of the Aboriginal farm workers and prospects for assimilation. 17:36 At this time it was believed that the traditional cultures would die out and the Aboriginal people disappear as a distinct minority. Aboriginals considered mentally and physically inferior. “Smoothing the Pillow”. 19:50 The Aboriginal population was in decline until 1933 and then rose quite dramatically although they are still about 2% of the total population. 20:50 Ron Berndt suggested Bob give up teaching and do Anthropology full time. He found him a scholarship and suggested he do field work in the Pilbara area where people were still coming in off the desert. The Western desert is the largest Aboriginal cultural area. Great deal of uniformity across this huge area in Dreaming, Law and Religious ceremonies. Discussion of the dreaming and the spirit world. 24:50 Track 3 00:00 UWA was a small campus in the 1950s and Bob would run into people he knew from school in the other faculties. Anthropology was housed on Fairway. 01:29 Discussion of Berndt collection – small museum. Displays from PNG had caused consternation at the sexual nature of the exhibits. Berndt were experts on sex and cannibalism in PNG. 04:13 Interesting comment by a critic about Ron Berndt’s publication, Excess and Restraint: social control among a mountain people in Papua New Guinea that it contained lots of excess and precious little restraint! 04:57 There was a small library in the Anthropology Department. The main library was under Winthrop. 06:15 No Tavern at that stage. Socialising was done eating sandwiches on the lawn in front of Winthrop Hall. The R’ef was to the right of Winthrop Hall as you face Stirling Highway 08:27 Active theatre group and balls in Winthrop Hall. Bob taught jive at Wrightson Dance studio in Murray Street, Perth 09:50 The failure rates at UWA were high – student realised that they had to work. 10:40 Anthropology was not offered for first years. Bob was told the subject was about people and cultures so it appealed to him. John and Kati Wilson were some of the first students to qualify. They did work with Don McLeod who led the first strike of Aboriginal farm workers up north. They were inspirational to Bob. 12:42 Ron Berndt encouraged Bob to do some field work in Jigalong. He resigned from the Education Department. 14:20 Bob knew it was in the desert but did not know where it was. In those days the train went as far as Meekatharra 300 miles away. There were mission trucks that delivered rations and other supplies to Jigalong. Another student was leaving for Broome in mid-1963 and gave Bob a lift. 16:46 The missionaries were fundamentalists and Bob found them more different to him than the Aboriginal people. Bob had studied the texts of Wilf Douglas who produced a phonology and grammar of the Western Desert language. He had also done a year of linguistics at UWA with Susan Kaldor. Bob found the ability to write symbols to represent the phonetics very useful. In Aboriginal language there is a subject indicator. 21:38 Discussion of culture shock and what it is for those working in the field. 23:15 The difficulties of field work. 23:48 How supplying rations to the hunter gatherer people had affected their health and culture. 25:00 Discussion of the extended case method 25:28 Track 4 00:00 How to establish the topic of study for fieldwork. The importance of having the Berndt’s work to familiarise yourself with the area. Ethnographic salvage work – ritual, the dreaming, the law – vacuum cleaner anthropology. Sucking up all the information before it is too late. 01:42 The tension between the Aboriginal people and the missionaries who regarded the Martu as a primitive people who were sexually promiscuous who needed God to save them. 03:42 The missionaries were from the Apostolic Church of Australia. They were not very well educated or trained in missionary work. They originated from Wales. They did not try and convert Bob but worried he would turn ‘native’. 05:58 He did not consciously study them but became interested in their world view. They were obsessed by the sexual relations between the Martu. 07:35 Bob wrote on the ‘Jigalong Mob’ and on kinship and the similarity of their rituals even though it was such a huge area. They liked travelling so would use modern transport to visit kin and perform ceremonies. The society was dependent on those meetings held normally twice a year in the desert at a location where food and water could be found. 09:59 You gave to go with the flow as people come and go and appointment can be broken which can be a bit frustrating when you are doing field work 10:38 There was still a great deal of ritual at this time. Women had their own ceremonies which Bob could not attend. 10:58 From their part the Martu had to work out who Bob was and whether they could trust him. It helped that he could speak the language and understood some of the basics of the kinship, the law and the rituals. 13:07 Permissions had to be sought from the Native Welfare Department and the Mission. It is doubtful that the Aboriginal people in Geraldton or Jigalong were consulted. UWA gave him good credentials. 15:00 It is doubtful that the Missionaries would have consulted the Martu. This word means “person” and is a label that they give themselves. 15:39 People realised that Bob had a genuine interest and knowledge of the law. He swore so he could not have been Christian. Once he was asked by the Martu whether he had actually seen Jesus. 16:42 Some of the frontier whites on the pastoral Stations had Aboriginal concubines and children (not that they were acknowledged). 17:26 They had to work out what kind of a person Bob was. At one time, some of them wanted to be known as the University Mob 18:48 Initially Bob was at Jigalong for about 7 months. He would return every time he could. The major rituals were held during January and February known as ‘pink eye’ time. This is when the hirers of Aboriginal labour lay them off as there is no work and they return to the Mission. 21:03 Big emotions for the Martu are homesickness and shame. The kinship system is central to their law and ways of behaviour. They have no chiefs. The kinship system is the overarching framework with religion that defines their behaviour and interaction with each other. It is very complicated. They have a great sense of sense. 22:32 They have a strong command of their environment. The Western desert of Australia is one of the hardest places for human survival. 23:27 You can see the kinship system in action for example where people avoid each other as they are not allowed to meet. 24:32 You must not walk into a strange camp. You must sit outside and be invited in. Relationships must be established first. 25:37 Bob was asked what his skin group when he first met a group of men. They named him Panaka so they made him their brother in order that they could establish what relationship they could have with him. 27:00 Track 5 00:00 Fieldwork methods are pencil, notebook, camera and tape recorder. The ethics of using these. Brain, eyes and ears are the most important. You must cross check the facts. 01:24 Discussion of specialisation in Western Society and the contrast with Aboriginal society. Education in hunter gatherer societies is by observation and imitation. The importance of tracking and reading the signs. 04:34 The importance of the elderly for passing on the knowledge. 05:06 When Bob was writing information down most people asked what he was doing but when they realised that it was to ensure the knowledge was there for ever they were mollified. 06:42 You prove yourself by being there and saying you are coming back and coming back. In the end Bob was not regarded as a white fella but part of the furniture. Bob would pay the people by giving tools and tobacco. 08:30 They prize useful things like buckets and chisels. The material things from Western society are accepted but the religious and intangible things like values are not. They adopt and adopt material goods which are useful. 10:00 The issues around recording voice and photography. He did not take photographs of sacred objects at first. Bob has never published pictures of sacred objects. 11:55 Recording voice was similar to photographs of the dead but a couple of generations on, many people come to Bob’s house to see photos of their great grandfather. This taboo seems to be easing. The Martu people can recognise people’s limbs or hands as well as faces. 14:43 Cross checking research. The unwritten rule is that you contact the person whose has been in the field before you. You liaise and/or cite sources from people who have specialist knowledge in the field i.e. Fiona Walsh for her knowledge of the seasons and environment. Doug and Rebecca Bird have worked at Jigalong. They are from Stanford in the US and are interested in diet and bush tucker; hunting food and how it is distributed. Relationships. 18:32 Bob’s Master’s was longer than his PhD as he was covering a lot of territory. The focus of his thesis was: “How do groups who are so different ideologically and culturally co-exist without falling apart at the seams”. 21:58 Myrna’s Bob wife studies food, how you eat, what you eat, food preparation, etc. 22:23 Comparison of universal activities; similarities and differences. Your own culture is the standard, or model against which other cultures are compared. The data is then analysed to write the thesis. The relationships in Jigalong are integral to any study of any area. Avoidance relationships. How these are managed in the modern age is very interesting. 26:20 Bob has not been up to Jigalong for 3 years so things might have changed in this time as cultures and practices adapt. 26:35 Bob’s Master’s thesis was examined by external examiners. 27:05 Track 6 00:00 After completing his thesis at UWA, Bob became aware of a project about relocated communities in the Pacific. It was organised by the University of Oregon in the USA. 01:30 Bob was able to take part in this project and had a temporary teaching position at the University of Oregon. He also did more field work in Australia when he could. 02:00 Bob did his PhD at the University of British Columbia in Vancouver. 02:28 Bob returned to Jigalong and focused on the rain making ritual. 03:14 Bob got a tenured teaching job back in Oregon in 1971 and submitted his PhD in 1972. 03:39 In 1984 Bob took a job at the ANU in Canberra and was here for 4 years. At about the same time Ron Berndt retired and had always wanted Bob to take on the professorship, so he returned to Perth and UWA and came full circle 04:29 Interview 2: 23 April 2013 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00: 0 Track 2 00:00 Return to UWA in 1984. Found UWA had grown considerably. The Department of Anthropology was now in the Social Sciences Building. Anthropology was a ‘problem’ department. Roy Lourens. John Gordon was a Harvard graduate and had some good ideas for the reorganisation of the department, including combining second and third year courses. 04:40 Bob brought in some procedural changes including that essays needed to be handed into the office to be registered rather than handing them direct to staff members. 05:33 Some staff encouraged to take early retirement or to find other employment. Some left of their own volition as they couldn’t cope with the work load. 06:44 The new appointments were crucial to the success of the department. They had to be collegial and experienced in different fields. The department concentrated on Aboriginal Australia, South and South East Asia and the Pacific. Staff informed of what was happening and there were regular departmental meetings. 09:03 It was decided to hire staff from outside the university rather than hire their own graduates. All the new appointees were excellent teachers – Bob considered this central to the success of the department. He himself enjoyed teaching and loved taking the first year classes. 11:46 Linguistics was within the department but later went out on their own. A similar thing happened with archaeology. 13:13 The students came from a wide range of departments. The Faculty of Arts encouraged students to study broadly in their first year. 14:06 A thesis writing seminar was introduced for Honours students. Students often did not realise that a thesis needed a hypothesis. 15:27 The Berndts had left their mark. They were excellent field workers and ethnographers and developed good areas of questioning. They left a moratorium on their archives to be quarantined for some years but then to be available for researchers. 17:15 Their material was found to be crucial in the Hindmarsh case and with land claims. 18:29 UWA has benefited from their collections. The museum is very well regarded. 18:52 Field work was considered essential but became difficult for students who were working part time and/or had families. One student studied Dutch businessmen in Perth. 21:00 Bob regretted that there was no mechanism to follow up with their students after 5 years and 10 years to find out whether Anthropology had been useful in their career and how it had helped them. 21:43 Comparison of American and Australian systems. Working at ANU had helped him to get into the zone in Australia. There are many more four field departments in the US. Being an administrator was a new role for Bob. Oregon is his second home. He is still in touch with people there and in the University of British Columbia in Vancouver 24:10 Bob considers getting international exposure is vital and likes to have staff possessing experiences outside Australia. 26:58 Things have changed now and many people find it difficult to get full time work especially on the east coast of the US. 27:42 Track 3 00:00 The high point of his time at UWA was being awarded a Distinguished Teaching Award in 1988 as he prided himself on making his lectures entertaining and engaging. 02:56 Bring the ‘otherness’ back home and give relevant examples so that they can understand what is going on using the ‘home made model’. 03:38 Lots of people came to the lectures – including people from other disciplines. One student came to a lecturer having been invited by a friend and decided to study Anthropology and did her PhD. 04:48 The university instituted an award that was voted on by the students to find the best teachers. Six were chosen including Bob. The award included the sum of $1,000. 05:55 In 2002 Bob was asked to give the Berndt Memorial lecture. 06:42 Track 4 00:00 How Anthropology is used. The discipline is founded on anti-racist notions. Other cultures are not ranked. Anthropologist must also be aware of observer bias. Field work can be very lonely and it is important to retain a perspective. 06:38 Bob’s particular fields of interest were religion and sorcery. How sorcery and magic can be used to create social control. 17:20 Correspondences can’t be made until you know a fair bit about that society. This entails repeated visits to the field. It isn’t just professional as you make relationships in those societies. 19:33 Lecturing on Melanesia and PNG on expedition cruise ships 20:59 Track 5 00:00 The development of Anthropology in Australia and its importance for Native Title. The importance of custom 03:57 Being Nomadic was a key element – no boundaries. 05:21 Interviews are done with the people and information is gathered to ascertain the basis of their claim; their association with the land. 05:59 Children were taken from their mothers. Bob is involved with The Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies (AIATSIS) and does a lot of reconciliation work. 07:28 Once anthropologists only did academic work but now they can do consulting. It is a very important area today. There are university courses just on this topic. 08:05 Issues with national parks. There are Indigenous Ranger programmes. 08:28 Torres Strait islanders are the second indigenous group. They are Melanesian. The first big significant land claim was in the Torres Strait. 09:13 Job prospects for anthropologists are very good now. 09:57 The heritage component also has to be taken in consideration when approving mining leases. 10:20 Study leave and international conferences are crucial to keep abreast of developments in the field. Bob gets students referred to him from the US due to his contacts there. 11:24 Protocol of contacting the person who has done field work in the area you are intending to go into. The importance of anthropologists not being drawn into internal politics in an area. 13:56 Anthropologists tend to be leftists as they identify with the downtrodden. Sometimes your actions can be misinterpreted as trying to stir up social revolt. 16:14 American anthropologists have been taken for the CIA in South America and killed. This is not helped by the fact that some anthropologists were in fact recruited by the CIA! 17:42 Anthropologists pay their informants by in kind presents or cash. When Bob left his field trip in Vanuatu he gave the village his possessions to be divided up amongst them. The villagers knew who had helped and were able to do this. People got items on a scale of value that equalled how much they had helped. 20:36 Track 6 00:00 Headship 1985-1987 and 1995-1997. Happy to hand this over as he always taught a full teaching load even as Head of Department. Jill Woodman the department secretary. 03:53 Bob’s need to be punctual, able to make deadlines and have this neat and ordered. 04:40 The Department has blossomed due to Jill’s presence and the esprit de corps. Staff had to communicate and communication with students was considered very important. 06:21 If Bob had not been born in Australia he would have liked to have been born in New Zealand due to its very interesting native culture and large multi-cultural Polynesian society. 07:48 In the last 20 years Australia has become very multi-cultural. There are black people in every Australian city. 08:51 He believes that Australia has strong assimilatory powers. 09:44 Audio Files Links to audio files <a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/9676cc3df5ecf0526325eb6d21ae6585.mp3">Tonkinson Interview 1, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/fd846cab1623274740031ab6a7308a64.mp3">Tonkinson Interview 1, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/cd565f208a29b80090627503812e1d8c.mp3">Tonkinson Interview 1, Track 3</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/eb02f5a9fccfa90b45fa5c3a3b0a253d.mp3">Tonkinson Interview 1, Track 4</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/2c62c7ea94b8f134b7d0e71e346b8f86.mp3">Tonkinson Interview 1, Track 5</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/f60ff865e3734fc42cc2e080dde6b27d.mp3">Tonkinson Interview 1, Track 6</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/a9ec593dc2e34392aa645cb44f4ae15f.mp3">Tonkinson Interview 2, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/3dc09e01659166050f1326d09d374999.mp3">Tonkinson Interview 2, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/553f411853b2fb5316424875b02f1b9f.mp3">Tonkinson Interview 2, Track 3</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/5a5dd4a640ecec4e06ec329418a4a2ab.mp3">Tonkinson Interview 2, Track 4</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/d164b831db49b4b297d4c2047e04bcab.mp3">Tonkinson Interview 2, Track 5</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/c0d5f0527816ab114bc3085025397cc1.mp3">Tonkinson Interview 2, Track 6</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Bob Tonkinson interview, 17 April and 23 April 2013 Subject The topic of the resource Anthropology Description An account of the resource Emeritus Professor Bob Tonkinson studied anthropology at the University of Western Australia in the 1960s with Ronald and Catherine Berndt. He subsequently studied and worked in North America and at the Australian National University before returning to UWA as Professor of Anthropology in 1984. He has carried out extensive field research at Jigalong and in the Western Desert, as well as in Vanuatu. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tonkinson, Bob Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright holder University of Western Australia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 files Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UWA ORAL HISTORIES Description An account of the resource A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank">UWA Historical Society</a> to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. <br />The UWA Historical Society’s <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank">Oral History Program</a> started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Western Australia Historical Society Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Julia Wallis Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed John Toohey Location The location of the interview Cottesloe, W.A. Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) 53 minutes 5 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 128 kbs Time Summary A summary of an interview given for different time stamps throughout the interview Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:28 Track 2 00:00 John Leslie Toohey. Born 1930. 00:10 UWA Law School began in 1927. Professor Beasley was Dean for 20 years and his last year was in 1947 – the year that John enrolled at the Law School. Professor Beasley was succeeded by Douglas Payne who had come out from Oxford. 01:20 There were many ex-servicemen among the students in 1947. 02:08 Went to Meekatharra aged 5 or 6 and then to Lake Grace. Educated at High School in Perth as there was no high school at Lake Grace. Went to St Louis, Claremont which was a Jesuit School from about aged 10. At the time John’s father was in the RAAF, so John became a boarder. A year later, his mother and siblings moved up to Perth. Went back as a boarder in his last year of schooling. 04:42 Began to think about law as a career. Interested in humanities. Encouraged by David Walsh, a senior criminal lawyer in Perth who came to school debates. 06:14 Entered a law course in 1947. Had a good matriculation and this was sufficient qualification for enrolment in those days. 07:10 A student from 1947 to 1950. Impact of ex-servicemen on the Law School. Many were good at sport. Several law students took part in the State Rugby Union team. 09:18 Ex-servicemen benefited from advice of younger students with studies. 09:56 Three or four women students on the course. 11:25 At that time (post WW2) the Law School was located on Fairway in a building that had been used by the US Navy. New Law School built in 1967. 12:26 Professor Beasley dragooned ex-students into helping move the Law Library to the new premises. He was very proud of his library and would not have contemplated the law library being subsumed by the University library. 14:08 Temporary building constructed of wood or asbestos. All lecturers and classes held here. 15:29 Fairy conventional lecturing style. Tutorial system developed more in later years. Limited academic staff at that time. Use made of part-time lecturers from the legal professional. 16:50 John began tutoring at St George’s College during his second year of articles. He tutored Randolph Stow 17:34 Would lecture part time during his time in legal practice. Dean invited Ian McCall and John Toohey to join the Law School as full time lecturers. By this time the academic staff had grown to 6 or 8. 18:19 There was still a need for more academic staff and John taught part time for several years but found that the hours impinged on his legal practice. He would lecturer at 8.30am. 18:52 John Toohey taught property law. Certain subjects benefited from having teachers with practical experience. 20;00 John found that teaching part time did not give the students time to interact with the lecturer and ask questions. He had to be back in the city at 10am in order to run his practice so it made the teaching element a bit rushed. 21:06 Track 3 00:00 LLB degree took the form of 17 units. 12 of them were law units and 5 were broader – Philosophy, Eng Lit, Economics. Gave the degree a breadth. Some people took a law degree and went into the diplomatic or public service. 02:01 John Toohey did a double degree and graduated with an honours degree in Arts in 1956. Did a major in Philosophy . 04:17 The Law School was self-contained. Very strong inter faculty sporting rivalry. 05:25 There were pranks but they were not malicious. There was a particular rivalry with the engineering students. 06:03 In those days the law students were required to attend lectures in gowns. 06:28 There was a refectory where students could get food plus there were shops in Broadway. 07:18 At that time politics were very popular among the students. Communism was a subject of much discussion. There was a University Labor Club. John Toohey and Bob Hawke were members at one time. This was later felt to be too left wing and a university branch of the ALP as established on campus. 09:34 The student guild also was divided along political lines at this time. There was a national union of Australian university students and reps would attend conferences in Europe. 11:53 The guild did a range of things. At this time, there was an outbreak of TB. The guild set up a small committee and they did work associated with that. Testing was done at a building which became the Fire Brigade HQ in Murray Street. 13:39 Socially students were hampered by finances and lack of independent transport. Dances were held at the refectory. There was an annual law ball each year. The Blackstone Society held dinners. 14:38 Track 4 00:00 Some students were supported by their parents. Many worked part time at weekends. Commonwealth scholarships were available. If you earned money independently of the scholarship then the scholarship grant was reduced. 01:34 John supported himself by working in the holidays. He worked shovelling coal at the East Perth Power House and at Robbs Jetty Abattoir. The jobs were well paid and he enjoyed the physical work. 03:06 Some students who had parents in the law would work at a firm during the holiday. 03:53 It did help to know people in the profession once you had qualified in order to get a job. 04:25 John Toohey worked with David Walsh for a little while but he did not have wide contacts in the profession. 04:52 He graduated with First Class Honours so he was able to find employment quite easily. [Out of 18 students that graduated from the Law School in 1950, John was the only one to be awarded First Class Honours]. 05:32 John is unsure how many people in his year graduated with First Class Honours. 06:17 John won the Frank Parsons prize was for the most outstanding graduate. The H C F Keall Prize was for the best 4th year student. These prizes were awarded by the Law Faculty. 07:10 There were assignments as well as exams. The tutorial system later became more developed. 08:50 A lot of weight was placed on the exam. If you failed a unit you could retake it. Contract was found to be a very difficult subject by all the students. 09:46 Exams were taken in the Law School and administered by them. 11:57 The results were posted on a board at the Law School. 12:35 University class mates. Had no friends at school that attended UWA Law School. Made a lot of new friends including Bob Hawke and Alan Barblett. 15:24 Friendships made irrespective of differences. They would meet each other working as lawyers at the courts. John also kept up with people through the Law Society. 17:17 Audio Files Links to audio files <a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/af1e46d1518db1c9c59479ec46fb4118.mp3">Toohey, Interview 1, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/06e61c76d58bb49b4a3a1e0ebf1eb20f.mp3">Toohey, Interview 1, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/d2039f84dfe0bc823de76d91a8c64bd0.mp3">Toohey, Interview 1, Track 3</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/35e3ad73155f57d1ffde3d7e2b76137e.mp3">Toohey, Interview 1, Track 4</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource John Toohey interview, 11 December 2012 Subject The topic of the resource Law Description An account of the resource John Leslie Toohey AC, QC (born 4 March 1930), Australian judge, was a Justice of the High Court of Australia from 1987 to 1998. Toohey studied law and arts at the University of Western Australia. He graduated with first class honours in law in 1950, receiving the FE Parsons Prize (for the most outstanding graduate) and the HCF Keall Prize (for the best fourth year student). He completed his Arts degree with first class honours in 1956. He was a Senior Lecturer in Law at the University of Western Australia from 1957 to 1958, as well as a Visiting Lecturer from 1953 to 1965. He was well known for his lectures in property law. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Toohey, John Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright holder University of Western Australia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 files Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource UWA ORAL HISTORIES Description An account of the resource A collection of interviews with former UWA staff, recorded by the <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society" target="_blank">UWA Historical Society</a> to mark the Centenary of the University in 2013. <br />The UWA Historical Society’s <a href="http://www.alumni.uwa.edu.au/community/historical-society/oral-histories" target="_blank">Oral History Program</a> started as a project with four oral histories funded from Society resources. It was then expanded with support from every Faculty on campus, the Guild, Convocation and through private donations. Additional funding was received through a Heritage Grant. Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource University of Western Australia Historical Society Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Julia Wallis Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed David Tunley Location The location of the interview Nedlands, W.A. Duration Length of time involved (seconds, minutes, hours, days, class periods, etc.) Interview 1: 54 minutes, 54 seconds Interview 2: 46 minutes, 52 seconds Interview 3: 1 hour, 2 minutes, 32 seconds Total: 2 hours, 44 minutes, 18 seconds Bit Rate/Frequency Rate at which bits are transferred (i.e. 96 kbit/s would be FM quality audio) 128 kbs Time Summary A summary of an interview given for different time stamps throughout the interview Interview 1: 31 October 2012 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:32 Track 2 00:00 David Evatt Tunley. Born 3 May 1930. Grew up in Gulgong, New South Wales. Parents both doctors. Attended local primary school. 01:01 Father very musical. Aged 8 or 9 had singing lessons at local convent with Sister Veronica. 01:48 Had piano lessons about 10 years old – late in life. Attended secondary school as a boarder at Scot’s College. 02:50 During WW2. Father was fighting. Mother left running practice. Felt he had already left home. 03:30 Scot’s College was not very musical then. Continued learning piano at the Sydney Conservatorium as a weekly student. Realised music was where his interest lay. Suggested he learn under Alexander Sverjesky at the Sydney Conservatorium. Wanted to make music his career. 04:59 In the 1940s you learned the piano and took it as far as you could. Got a diploma from the Conservatorium. Attended teachers’ college at Sydney University, did graduate year and regarded as a trained music master. 06:17 Had a gift for teaching. Gained employment at Fort Street High School, Petersham. Famous old boys included Cabinet Ministers and Justice Michael Kirby who was one of David’s students. There for 5 years as bonded to Education Department. 07:31 Wanted to get a university degree in order to learn more about music. Had to attend morning classes at Sydney University. London University required a year’s attendance as part of their external degree. University of Durham had a highly respected Bachelor of Music degree. Peter Platt a senior lecturer in music at Sydney University helped him prepare for examinations. Only 25% pass rate. Exams purely historical and theory – no performance. Had a bent for the academic side of music. 11:19 His mother saw a position advertised in Sydney Morning Herald for a lecturer in music education at UWA. At that time, music was under the wing of the Faculty of Education. Universities now to be run by Federal and not State government. Money poured in for research. Explanation of how the Music Department under up under the wing of the Education Faculty. 15:33 Frank Callaway was the head of department. Golden boy of music education in NZ and had travelled in America and England. Frank was attracted to his application as he was a practically trained musician with an English degree and 5 years teaching experience. 17:15 Had to develop research skills. Wrote about the composer Edgar Bainton. Got in touch with his daughter (also a musician). 18:08 Later on his first study leave he got French government scholarship to study composition. He was away for a year and studied in Paris under Nadia Boulanger who was then in her 70s. 20:08 Australian painter friend, Moya Dyring introduced him to the husband of Louise Hanson-Dyer. A great Melbourne hostess of 20s and 30s who moved to Paris to pursue her interest in music. Set up Lyrebird publishing house. Published the entire works of Francois Couperin. Louise died in 1962, the year before David arrived in Paris. Her second husband was considerably younger than her. He recommended David contact the head of the music section at the Bibliotheque Nationale, Francois Lesure, in order to get into musicological research. 23:51 David did this and was encouraged to study the 18th French Cantata. This was new ground. All too soon it was time to come home. 26:02 Track 3 00:00 David wrote to Frank Callaway who got in touch with Leonard Jolley who organised for all the works to be put on microfilm. Eventually Perth the largest collection of French cantatas outside of France. Wrote two articles on the boat coming home that were accepted by leading museological journals. 01:35 A cantata is a dramatic musical work like a mini opera but not staged and without costume. Immensely popular in Paris in 18th century. Also included poetry. 03:13 Study in Tuart House read music off microfiche and played it on the piano. Published in a book. Decided to make it a thesis. Couldn’t do it as a PhD. Did it as a DLitt. 05:06 Major study was the piano. He also learned the Timpani (kettledrum). Taught by timpanist of Sydney Symphony Orchestra. Also learned to play the double bass. Learned the clarinet at the Conservatorium. Exposure to the viola. Good practice for composing which was a key part of his role at UWA. 07:56 Impressions of Perth and UWA. Impressed By beauty of the campus. Boarded in St George’s College for 2 weeks. 08:34 Began to learn how to go about being a university lecturer. The course was more of a music appreciation course and built up from a one year to a three year course as a BEd with a major in music. Their rooms were in the tower at Winthrop Hall. 10:04 When Frank Callaway arrived in the mid 50s the library was in the piano school. When David arrived, the library now took up two glass cabinets. Now the library in the best and the biggest in Australia. From little acorns, big oak trees grow. 11:09 Students had already done music but no practical music offered. Before Murray Commission. Learnt practical music by singing in choral society. David founded a Chamber Choir. There became a demand for a stronger music degree and music would expand into the Faculty of Arts under Frank Callaway as its first Chair. This was advertised internationally. This now became an honours degree for those who were good enough. Some practical music was now introduced. The students were sent to suburban teachers until full time teachers were appointed. Michael Brimer and Graham Wood taught piano. 14:30 Contrast with music taught in universities at Adelaide and Melbourne from 19th century. Melbourne had a conservatorium with a large staff. Adelaide got one later. Sydney only had a music department in the late 50s. 16:38 Students would go to Melbourne or Adelaide rather than remain in Perth as it was more prestigious. 17:19 10 years after Frank arrived, the department was up and running. Research, composition, education. It was a conservatorium in all but name. The Murray Report ruled out getting diplomas which was the mainstay of the Conservatorium. 19:00 The community pressed the State Government for a conservatorium in the late 1980s. This became part of Edith Cowan University and became a rival to UWA rather than being able to work together. 21:43 Track 4 00:00 Loved the university life at UWA. Contact with other departments. Gave lectures to language department and history and vice versa. 00:54 In 1959, David returned to Sydney and met up with Paula Laurantus again and they decided to get married. Paula also got involved with university life. A cultural hub. 02:26 The Tuart Club comprised the wives of academics who helped people settle in. Met newcomers and had a flat that they could meet. Particularly good for overseas staff coming to UWA. 03:57 Social outings organised. Established university club called University House near the present Music Department. Very welcoming. A social hub. The university was very small. Many buildings such as the Octagon Theatre and the Reid Library were not yet built. 05:23 University House was visited at lunchtime or you get a drink after work but could not get meals. It soon became too small and a little tatty. 06:18 Track 5 00:00 Conclusion 00:19 Interview 2: 7 November 2012 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:28 Track 2 00:00 UWA and the Perth community. 01:17 Community university. Similar to universities in US. 02:02 Festival of Perth (1953). Fred Alexander. Frank Callaway’s influence on the festival. Somerville Auditorium. James Penberthy opera Dalgerie based on the love story from the novel 'Keep him my country' by Mary Durack. 03:20 Concerts – such as singing. Films came later. 04:23 Musician in residence began in 1973. Alfredo Campoli violinist. Sponsorship by Tom Wardle (“Tom the Cheap”). Came in 2nd term. Alberni String Quartet came in first term. 08:10 One of the wettest winters when Alfredo Campoli visited. David and Paula found accommodation for them in Kings Park Road and looked after them. Violin recital arranged. David Bollard accompanied on piano and later Stephen Dornan. 10:42 The Tunleys visited the Campolis in the UK on David’s study leave. A year after his death, Alfredo’s widow Joy asked David what to do with his programmes. David then realised he should write the Biography and did so. Joy Campoli was a great help with this. David learned a great deal about English music in the 20th century. 12:21 Musician in residence – golden years of UWA. Scheme ran from 1973 to 1998. Lots of international performers came over the years. Some were in residence at the same time as the Festival of Perth. The School of Music was like a “foyer of international musicians”. Generally people came for 6 or 7 weeks rather than a full term. André Tchaikowsky (1974, 1975 & 1976) performed the complete concertos of Mozart conducted by John Exton. 14:58 One the scheme had started people approached UWA. The University’s mathematics department and the English department also had visiting experts. A significant development in the department’s history. 16:43 The visiting musicians also taught individual students and/or held master classes. 17:35 The Octagon Theatre (1969) was designed by Sir Tyrone Guthrie. It doubled as a lecture and drama theatre. The UWA Music Department used it more than any other department. They held weekly lunch time concerts and put on operas and major musical events (other than those held at Winthrop Hall). The acoustics were designed for the spoken word rather than music or singing. 20:28 The scene of an opera put on in 1987 by David Tunley called Armide. This was the last and greatest opera of Lully, creator of French opera in the 17th century. Visiting musician Ivor Keys from Birmingham University had put on the first modern performance of Armide. UWA put on the second modern adaptation in the world of Lully’s Armide. Ran for 2 nights at the Octagon Theatre. Jane Manning, a British soprano played the lead role. She was a true professional. Philippa O’Brien designed the scenery and Colin O’Brien directed. David Tunley prepared the choir beforehand. Ivor Keys conducted. Margaret Seares and David Tunley worked the sub titles as it was performed in French. 23:56 The old Dolphin Theatre was a workshop theatre in an old cottage near the science departments. The New Dolphin was built in 1976 and was for student productions. 25:40 New Fortune Theatre used for operas and dramatic works. 26:20 Track 3 00:00 Moving from venues to performers. Frank Callaway kept the University Choral Society going when he arrived. He was able to use the services of the WA Symphony Orchestra as he was a qualified conductor. 01:12 David Tunley created a university chamber choir. It was first called the A Capella Choir. This later became the collegium musicum so that the choir could also have musical accompaniment. They performed Stravinsky’s Les Noces, a ballet. Good choral, 4 pianos and a wide range of percussion instruments. Complex rhythms. Conference for music and dance and David talked the WA Ballet company to combine with the UWA collegium musicum. 04:15 Performed in 1979 at the Octagon Theatre. Gym weightlifters press-ganged to move the pianos from the UWA School of Music to the theatre pit. 05:29 A good way for staff and students to do things together. Roger Smalley, Brian Michell and 2 students played the pianos. 06:16 The choristers came mainly from the campus. Some of the soloists were Jeff Weaver, Vivien Hamilton, Performed concert performances of operatic works at Cottesloe Civic Centre. Champagne and chicken supper at interval. 07:55 The Collegium Musicum was taken over by Margaret Pride but it fizzled out when she left. 08:31 The York Winter Music Festival was established in 1982 following study leave in England seeing music performed in historic buildings. It ran every second year for about 10 years. When David had a heart attack in 1986 he could not take an active role anymore and it closed down in about 1990. 11:40 When David retired in 1994 he decided to use the foyers of buildings in St George’s Terrace for music festivals. The Terrace Proms ran for 6 years but the Perth City Council then decided to put their funding elsewhere. 12:58 1979 National Eisteddfod to celebrate Australia’s Bicentenary. This was Frank Callaway’s idea. The adjudicators were opera singer, Joan Hammond and pianist, Eileen Joyce. The university awarded them both honorary doctorates. In return, Eileen Joyce gave a clavichord to the City of Perth and money to build a studio at UWA – The Eileen Joyce Studio. She also gave money for scholarships. On her death, she donated her personal archives to UWA. They are located in the Callaway Centre, Crawley Avenue. An invaluable resource for Richard Davis when he wrote his biography of her. 17:35 In 1984 the Indian Ocean Arts Festival was held at UWA. The gamelan orchestra from Java used to visit every year. This has wider significance in view of the recently published government White Paper. Frank Callaway and Peggy Holroyd were very involved with this. 20:04 Interview 3: 13 November 2012 Track 1 00:00 Introduction by Julia Wallis 00:33 Track 2 00:00 Graduates and staff. 00:29 Trevor Jones, Senior Lecturer. Graduate from University of Sydney. Bassoon. Recorder. Composer. Didgeridoo study. Western music. Studied music of renaissance and baroque at Harvard and at Cambridge. Left UWA after 5 or 6 years to become Foundation Professor of music at Monash University, Melbourne. 03:10 Michael Brimer later became Professor of Music at Melbourne University. 03:33 Roger Smalley. Electronic music and Avant-garde music. Came from UK. Brilliant pianist. 04:49 Track 3 00:00 Roger Smalley was a visitor and stayed. Revolutionised the composition area. Internationally recognised. A coup for UWA. Wrote an opera about an early Australian explorer which he considered a huge influence on him as he had to make his music more accessible. 02:04 David Symons was another graduate from Sydney University. Musicologist of German and later Australian music. 02:35 Nicholas Bannan, Cambridge graduate with encyclopaedic knowledge of music. Choral conductor. 02:58 Suzy (Suzanne) Wijsmann - scholar and cellist. Paul Wright – baroque music. 03:35 Students. Two gifted students in 1958 were Jennifer Fowler and Sally Trethowan. Jennifer Fowler now lives in London and is an internationally renowned composer and started the trend. Others include Iain Grandage, James Ledger and Christopher Tonkin (now on staff). 05:03 Performers include – guitarist Craig Ogden who teaches at Royal Northern College of Music, Manchester, UK. 05:41 Well-known singers include graduates Sara Macliver and Taryn Fiebig. 06:24 String players have been influenced by the teaching of Paul Wright. Sean Lee violinist. 07:16 Scholars – Philip Bracanin, first PhD in music in Australia inspired by staff member, Dr John Exton. 08:25 Margaret Seares has returned to her love – musicology. Subscription concerts in London in early 18th century. 09:15 Ben Hetherington – music and eng lit. Won one of the first Hackett Scholarships and is now studying at Cambridge. 09:54 Andrew Cichy did a degree in Commerce before music and is now studying at Oxford. Has won a scholarship and is doing a DPhil in 16th century sacred music. 11:38 Criteria that allows students to study music at UWA. Depends on whether you are doing performance, music education, research. Many of the performers are Asian students. Singers don’t develop until they are older. 13:23 Soprano Lisa Harper-Brown is a graduate. Showed potential even at 17. Now lives and works in Christchurch, New Zealand. 14:09 Students auditioned to find out what their skills are. It is expensive as performance teaching is one to one. 15:12 Some come to do music education and go on to teach. 16:06 Research requires a maturity that a 17 or 18 year old does not yet possess. This is post graduate study. 17:15 Problems of having a conservatorium in Perth where people think UWA does not have a good enough performance teaching. 18:02 It is unusual for performers to change direction. Some performers turn more to musicology or music education. Some become composers. 19:13 The first year is very broad. The background of the students depends very much on where they were educated. Like other faculties, there is a drop out percentage. Some do music as part of an arts degree. 21:09 Track 4 00:00 The building of the present Music School was a fillip to the department. They were first located in the tower at Winthrop Hall and then in Tuart House. Acoustically it was substandard. A committee visited and agreed that funds should be set aside for a purpose built music building. . [Stop Recording due to painter on the roof] 02:20 Track 5 00:00 Tony Brand was the architect of the new music school building. He took the time to talk to the staff to find out their needs and they were totally happy. It is built for a Mediterranean climate. 01:16 It was built so that spaces separated the rooms that could be filled in later. 01:38 Supporters in the community gave money to develop a room and then it was named after the donor. Teaching studios were on the ground floor, then studies and practice rooms on the top floor. The Eileen Joyce studio was attached to it. 02:30 The Wigmore Music library was put up separately. Mrs Ivy Hay offered Frank Callaway the money to fund a basic library. Designed by Tony Brand and very well equipped. A focal point of the department. Most of the books are kept in the Reid Library. 05:18 The Wigmore was built shortly after the department opened in about 1976. At Tuart House the double garage was extended to become the music library. There was also a lecture room built behind the garage. 06:55 The purpose built building enabled some specialised teaching. There was an electronic music studio that looked over the Callaway Music Auditorium. These walls can be changed from wood to sound absorbing material. [Phone rings] 08:18 The studio can be used for composing or recording. Seating was eventually a push button device that allows them to be folded away when they are not needed. 09:28 The Octagon now became less well used. Lunch time concerts are now held in the Callaway Auditorium. 10:11 The space before the music department was built was gardens and trees next to the tennis court. David Tunley organised the staff/student tennis competitions. A development may take over the tennis courts. 11:48 The Callaway Resource Centre was in the piano studio but was then moved to a building in Crawley Avenue. The storage needed to for modern conditions. The CRC houses the Burgess Collection, the Eileen Joyce Collection and the John Blacking Collection. 14:52 It is no longer manned as there is not enough money to employ anyone to open it to the public. 15:38 The Annual Callaway Lecture is also funded by philanthropists. [Stop Recording due to noise from gardener with blower or whipper snipper] 15:58 Track 6 00:00 This year the lecturer was given by an early music exponent who was in Perth conducting the WASO. He spoke about early music recording. 01:27 For public lectures, it is hard to get the balance right so that it is not too specialised or too general. While there is still money for it, it will keep going. There is also money to publish the lectures which encourages some people to give them. 02:17 Another outreach is the Australian Music Examination Board (AMEB). Before that, music examinations were conducted by people travelling from colleges in the UK. Later, institutions in Melbourne and Adelaide took responsibility for it. In about 1920, UWA took part. Most staff members have done music examining in the country or studios in Perth. 04:08 Most of the good students are Asian. They work very hard. 04:47 The AMEB exams provide theory, harmony and notional exams as well as performance. The School of Music used to ask what standard students had reached in the AMEB exams. The AMEB has led to many more universities taking on music. David Tunley was Chairman of the National AMEB. Put UWA in touch with the range of teaching activities across Australia. 06:55 The UWA music staff set the exams and did the examining at UWA. Visiting professors were encouraged to exam the final year students (particularly those doing Honours). 07:37 UWA music staff always had great integrity and wouldn’t pass anybody who didn’t deserve it. 08:08 Track 7 00:00 During the 1970s there was a rise in musical scholarship (musicology). Musicology started in Germany and had to be rigorous and documented. 01:50 Frank Callaway and David Tunley decided to start a journal of musicology in Australia and launched Studies in Music. It stopped in 1992. A lot of work in finding article and editing. It became one of the leading journals in the world. 03:43 Andrew McCredie in Adelaide was the first musicologist in Australia and began his own journal, Miscellanea Musicologica. Contributors from all over the world to both journals. 04:28 Musicology in the 1970s seemed to have a great future. There are slim employment prospects in Australia for musicologist. Performance takes centre stage at universities in Australia as employment prospects are better. 06:28 Music education was also thought to be the discipline of the future but this depends on whether schools are interested in employing music teachers. It has been found to enhance the brain so it is gaining popularity in schools. 07:19 Performance and research are complimentary. Studying at university does not make you a book worm. The best result for musical education is everything coming together. 08:09 The School of Music has a great future. Now regulations demand that students do a unit outside their faculty. Perhaps medical students might swell the numbers. Music gives you an interest for life and is valuable and enjoyable. 09:07 Track 8 00:00 Conclusion by Julia Wallis 00:27 Audio Files Links to audio files <a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/eb4f745654d446ffa1416a6807319304.mp3">Tunley, Interview 1, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/3303d8c4b41eb9f4769f18dbe7d001fa.mp3">Tunley, Interview 1, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/bcbac61009819011874fbff3ba5c3800.mp3">Tunley, Interview 1, Track 3</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/a04b7685d0f5020706a8495267c15304.mp3">Tunley, Interview 1, Track 4</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/1c1337e4a7dd6294c3e1fba6e06b4023.mp3">Tunley, Interview 1, Track 5</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/757f8c1f566d2d6d5389fbf47d8ec628.mp3">Tunley, Interview 2, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/d86a470ac967075aab5a26141d22b25b.mp3">Tunley, Interview 2, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/9ea4958ab2027b2533a01efa205818d1.mp3">Tunley, Interview 2, Track 3</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/365243072415290119e19fb541364b41.mp3">Tunley, Interview 3, Track 1</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/2eca8b69df27164b0eaa0f3cbbbca1c9.mp3">Tunley, Interview 3, Track 2</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/84c93f034d7583c6ff54c72da67e2299.mp3">Tunley, Interview 3, Track 3</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/0fc2dbb56d171d8b50dfd56e1b29fb4a.mp3">Tunley, Interview 3, Track 4</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/280958ddc2a3932cd25ddd328649df7f.mp3">Tunley, Interview 3, Track 5</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/e99bb6167efb7f04894664198db983e5.mp3">Tunley, Interview 3, Track 6</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/0385a485b4ad61136c28d5970b439429.mp3">Tunley, Interview 3, Track 7</a> <br /><a href="http://oralhistories.arts.uwa.edu.au/files/original/5fb3e8e017141ced2389414a7b19d826.mp3">Tunley, Interview 3, Track 8</a> Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource David Tunley interview, 31 October 2012, 7 November 2012 and 13 November 2012 Subject The topic of the resource David Tunley interview, 31 October 2012, 7 November 2012 and 13 November 2012 Description An account of the resource Emeritus Professor David Tunley was initially trained as a pianist at the Sydney Conservatorium of Music, but when coming to Perth in 1958 (having gained the degree of Bachelor of Music from the University of Durham as an external student) turned his energies more towards choral conducting, composition and research in musicology. Commencing as a lecturer in the then newly-fledged Department of Music, he was eventually appointed to a Personal Chair before moving to the Chair of Music after the retirement of Sir Frank Callaway. He is now an Honorary Senior Research Fellow in Music at UWA. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Tunley, David Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available University of Western Australia Historical Society Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource Copyright holder University of Western Australia Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource MP3 files Type The nature or genre of the resource Oral History